On June 28, 2018 Corvus Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (NASDAQ:CRVS), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the development and commercialization of precisely targeted oncology therapies, reported publication of results of preclinical studies of CPI-444 conducted by researchers at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (Press release, Corvus Pharmaceuticals, JUN 28, 2018, View Source;p=RssLanding&cat=news&id=2356398 [SID1234527496]). The data showed that CPI-444 administered as monotherapy suppressed tumor growth and improved survival in animal tumor models, and CPI-444 administered in combination with anti-PD-1 therapy dramatically improved antitumor immune responses over either agent used alone. The results were published online this month in the journal Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy (CII), in a publication titled "Inhibition of the adenosine A2a receptor modulates expression of T cell coinhibitory receptors and improves effector function for enhanced checkpoint blockade and ACT (adoptive cellular therapy) in murine cancer models," and can be accessed here.
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CPI-444, Corvus’ lead product candidate, is a selective and potent inhibitor of the adenosine A2A receptor. It is currently being evaluated in early-stage clinical trials in patients with various solid tumors as a single agent and in combination with Genentech’s atezolizumab, an anti-PD-L1 antibody.
"These newly published studies add to the growing scientific and clinical evidence of the importance of the adenosine pathway in modulating immune responses in cancer. The results provide further evidence that the A2A receptor may serve as a crucial regulator of immune response, and confirms the potential of CPI-444 in cancer therapy," said Richard A. Miller, M.D., an oncologist and co-founder, president and chief executive officer of Corvus. "CPI-444 has been studied in more than 250 patients to date both as a monotherapy and in combination with an anti-PD-L1 antibody. To our knowledge, it is the only A2A receptor antagonist to reproducibly show anti-tumor activity as a monotherapy in preclinical and clinical studies. We are currently enrolling patients in a Phase 1/1b trial in renal cell cancer and in a Phase 1b/2 trial in non-small cell lung cancer."
Results of the preclinical studies conducted by researchers at the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Research Center and Bloomberg~Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, showed that CPI-444:
Administered as monotherapy suppressed tumor growth and improved survival in two animal models of colon tumors — CT26, which is very resistant to checkpoint blockade, and MC38.
Enhanced the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. The combination therapy dramatically improved tumor regression and animal survival in both the CT26 and MC38 colon tumor models. The effect was particularly marked in the CT26 tumor model, which showed a 70 percent cure rate.
Dramatically enhanced immune responses in models of tumor immunity, augmented immune memory responses to viral antigens, and enhanced adoptive cellular therapy (ACT) in an animal model of melanoma.
Suppressed the expression of multiple checkpoint pathways, including PD-1, LAG-3, TIM-3 and CTLA-4, on both CD8 positive and T reg cells (which play an important role in regulating antitumor immune responses). The most significant effects were seen in tumor-draining lymph nodes.
Increased the function of killer T cells (CD8+) in tumor infiltrating cells.
ABOUT CPI-444
CPI-444 is a small molecule, oral, checkpoint inhibitor designed to disable a tumor’s ability to subvert attack by the immune system by blocking the binding of adenosine in the tumor microenvironment to the A2A receptor. Adenosine, a metabolite of ATP (adenosine tri-phosphate), is produced within the tumor microenvironment where it may bind to the adenosine A2A receptor present on immune cells and block their activity. CD39 and CD73 are enzymes on the surface of tumor cells and immune cells. These enzymes work in concert to convert ATP to adenosine. In vitro and preclinical studies have shown that dual blockade of CD73 and the A2A receptor may be synergistic.