On March 4, 2016 The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reported that it has approved IMBRUVICA (ibrutinib) capsules for treatment-naïve patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (Press release, Johnson & Johnson, MAR 4, 2016, View Source [SID:1234509383]).1Schedule your 30 min Free 1stOncology Demo!
Discover why more than 1,500 members use 1stOncology™ to excel in:
Early/Late Stage Pipeline Development - Target Scouting - Clinical Biomarkers - Indication Selection & Expansion - BD&L Contacts - Conference Reports - Combinatorial Drug Settings - Companion Diagnostics - Drug Repositioning - First-in-class Analysis - Competitive Analysis - Deals & Licensing
Schedule Your 30 min Free Demo!
The approval is based on data from the Phase 3 RESONATE-2 (PCYC-1115) study, the first head-to-head clinical trial comparing IMBRUVICA to a chemotherapy agent. Results showed IMBRUVICA significantly extended progression-free survival (PFS; the primary endpoint) and increased overall response rate (ORR; a key secondary endpoint) compared to chlorambucil in previously untreated patients with CLL age 65 or older. IMBRUVICA is now approved for use in all lines of CLL therapy, considerably expanding the number of patients who may benefit from this treatment. This broadens the indication beyond the initial CLL approval in February 2014 for the treatment of patients with CLL who have received at least one prior therapy and in July 2014 for CLL patients with del 17p,1 a genetic mutation typically associated with poor treatment outcomes.2 IMBRUVICA is jointly developed and commercialized by Janssen Biotech, Inc. and Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie company.
On a related front, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) published an update on February 17 to its Clinical Practice Guidelines for non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas recommending IMBRUVICA for certain first-line CLL patients.
"People living with CLL who have not been previously treated now have an option that significantly improved progression-free survival when compared to the oral chemotherapy used in the RESONATE-2 trial," said Jan Burger, M.D., Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of Leukemia, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX and RESONATE-2 study lead investigator. "The results seen in the RESONATE-2 clinical trial are truly compelling and make this medicine an attractive first-line treatment option for clinicians in the hematology space."
The expanded IMBRUVICA indication is based on data from the Phase 3, randomized, open-label RESONATE-2 trial, which showed IMBRUVICA significantly improved PFS and ORR versus chlorambucil in treatment-naïve patients aged 65 or older with CLL or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). The PFS as assessed by an Independent Review Committee (IRC) according to the clarified International Workshop on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (iWCLL) criteria indicated an 84 percent statistically significant reduction in the risk of death or progression in the IMBRUVICA arm versus the chlorambucil arm (HR=0.161 [95 percent CI, 0.091-0.283]). Median PFS was not reached for IMBRUVICA versus 18.9 months for chlorambucil (95 percent CI: 14.1, 22.0). Data from RESONATE-2 were presented in an oral session at the American Society of Hematology (ASH) (Free ASH Whitepaper) Annual Meeting on December 7, 2015, in addition to being featured in the official ASH (Free ASH Whitepaper) press program and simultaneously published online in The New England Journal of Medicine.
CLL is a slow-growing blood cancer that most commonly arises from B cells, a type of white blood cell (lymphocyte) that originates in the bone marrow.3,4 CLL is predominantly a disease of the elderly, with a median age of 71 at diagnosis.5
"The IMBRUVICA story gets better and better. The results of RESONATE-2 demonstrate how IMBRUVICA can change the treatment strategies for many patients with CLL in the treatment-naïve setting. We anticipate this approval will give clinicians and more of their patients the opportunity to explore the efficacy and safety of treatment with IMBRUVICA for this disease," said Peter F. Lebowitz, M.D., Ph.D., Global Oncology Head, Janssen Research & Development, LLC.
Janssen and Pharmacyclics continue to support an extensive clinical development program for IMBRUVICA, including 16 Phase 3 study commitments in multiple patient populations.
IMBRUVICA in First-line, Elderly CLL Patients
The safety and efficacy of IMBRUVICA were evaluated in the randomized, international, multi-center, open-label Phase 3 RESONATE-2 trial in 269 treatment-naïve patients with CLL/SLL* aged 65 years or older. Patients were randomized to receive either IMBRUVICA 420 mg orally, once daily until progression or unacceptable toxicity or chlorambucil 0.5 to 0.8 mg/kg on days 1 and 15 of each 28-day cycle for up to 12 cycles, with an allowance for intrapatient dose increases up to 0.8mg/kg based on tolerability.
The primary endpoint of the study was met, with IMBRUVICA demonstrating a longer PFS versus chlorambucil as determined by the IRC per clarified iWCLL criteria. The hazard ratio was 0.161 (95 percent CI, 0.091-0.283, P<0.0001), which represents a reduction of risk of progression or death by 84 percent versus chlorambucil (median PFS not reached for IMBRUVICA vs. 18.9 months for chlorambucil [95 percent CI: 14.1, 22.0]); IMBRUVICA was associated with a significantly higher ORR (a composite of complete and partial responses [82.4 percent vs. 35.3 percent; P<0.0001]) as assessed by the IRC per modified iWCLL criteria. Notably, five patients (3.7 percent) in the IMBRUVICA arm and two patients (1.5 percent) in the chlorambucil arm achieved a complete response.
The safety of IMBRUVICA in this patient population was consistent with previously reported studies. The adverse reactions (AR) reported in the U.S. Prescribing Information reflect exposure to IMBRUVICA with a median duration of 17.4 months versus a median exposure to chlorambucil of 7.1 months: nearly 2.5 times longer exposure for IMBRUVICA. Warnings and Precautions include hemorrhage, infections, cytopenias, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, second primary malignancies, tumor lysis syndrome and embryo-fetal toxicity. The most common ARs (≥20 percent) of any Grade in the RESONATE-2 trial for IMBRUVICA were diarrhea (42 percent), musculoskeletal pain** (36 percent), cough (22 percent) and rash** (21 percent). The most common Grade 3/4 AR (≥five percent) was pneumonia** (eight percent). Four to 10 percent of patients receiving IMBRUVICA in the studies supporting the CLL indications (PCYC-1102, RESONATE [PCYC-1112] and RESONATE-2) discontinued treatment due to ARs. These included pneumonia, subdural hematomas and atrial fibrillation (one percent each). ARs leading to dose reduction occurred in approximately four percent of patients.
*IMBRUVICA is not approved by the FDA to treat SLL.
**includes multiple ADR terms
About IMBRUVICA
IMBRUVICA was one of the first therapies to receive U.S. approval after having received the FDA’s Breakthrough Therapy Designation. IMBRUVICA works by blocking a specific protein called Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK).1 The BTK protein transmits important signals that tell B cells to mature and produce antibodies and is needed by specific cancer cells to multiply and spread.1,6 IMBRUVICA targets and blocks BTK, inhibiting cancer cell survival and spread.1 For more information, visit www.IMBRUVICA.com.
Access to IMBRUVICA
Janssen and AbbVie are striving to make access to IMBRUVICA easy by helping patients understand their insurance benefits for IMBRUVICA. The YOU&i Support Program is a personalized program that includes information on access and affordability, nurse call support and resources for patients being treated with IMBRUVICA. This includes the YOU&i Instant Savings program, which provides co-pay support to eligible commercially insured IMBRUVICA patients. This program is not valid for patients with Medicare or Medicaid. Patients can access the program by contacting 1-877-877-3536, option 1 or by visiting www.IMBRUVICA.com .
IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Hemorrhage – Fatal bleeding events have occurred in patients treated with IMBRUVICA. Grade 3 or higher bleeding events (intracranial hemorrhage [including subdural hematoma], gastrointestinal bleeding, hematuria, and post-procedural hemorrhage) have occurred in up to 6% of patients. Bleeding events of any grade, including bruising and petechiae, occurred in approximately half of patients treated with IMBRUVICA.
The mechanism for the bleeding events is not well understood. IMBRUVICA may increase the risk of hemorrhage in patients receiving antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapies and patients should be monitored for signs of bleeding. Consider the benefit-risk of withholding IMBRUVICA for at least 3 to 7 days pre- and postsurgery depending on the type of surgery and the risk of bleeding.
Infections – Fatal and nonfatal infections have occurred with IMBRUVICA therapy. Grade 3 or greater infections occurred in 14% to 26% of patients. Cases of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) have occurred in patients treated with IMBRUVICA. Evaluate patients for fever and infections and treat appropriately.
Cytopenias – Treatment-emergent Grade 3 or 4 cytopenias including neutropenia (range, 19% to 29%), thrombocytopenia (range, 5% to 17%), and anemia (range, 0% to 9%) occurred in patients treated with IMBRUVICA. Monitor complete blood counts monthly.
Atrial Fibrillation – Atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter (range, 6% to 9%) have occurred in patients treated with IMBRUVICA, particularly in patients with cardiac risk factors, hypertension, acute infections, and a previous history of atrial fibrillation. Periodically monitor patients clinically for atrial fibrillation. Patients who develop arrhythmic symptoms (eg, palpitations, lightheadedness) or new-onset dyspnea should have an ECG performed. Atrial fibrillation should be managed appropriately and if it persists, consider the risks and benefits of IMBRUVICA treatment and dose modification.
Hypertension – Hypertension (range, 6% to 17%) has occurred in patients treated with IMBRUVICA with a median time to onset of 4.5 months (range, 0.03 to 18.40 months). Monitor patients for new-onset hypertension or hypertension that is not adequately controlled after starting IMBRUVICA. Adjust existing antihypertensive medications and/or initiate antihypertensive treatment as appropriate.
Second Primary Malignancies – Other malignancies (range, 5% to 16%) including non-skin carcinomas (range, 1% to 4%) have occurred in patients treated with IMBRUVICA. The most frequent second primary malignancy was non-melanoma skin cancer (range, 4% to 13%).
Tumor Lysis Syndrome – Tumor lysis syndrome has been infrequently reported with IMBRUVICA therapy. Assess the baseline risk (eg, high tumor burden) and take appropriate precautions. Monitor patients closely and treat as appropriate.
Embryo-Fetal Toxicity – Based on findings in animals, IMBRUVICA can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Advise women to avoid becoming pregnant while taking IMBRUVICA and for 1 month after cessation of therapy. If this drug is used during pregnancy or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, the patient should be apprised of the potential hazard to a fetus.
ADVERSE REACTIONS
The most common adverse reactions (≥20%) in patients with B-cell malignancies (MCL, CLL, WM) were thrombocytopenia* (57%, 53%, 43%), diarrhea (51%, 48%, 37%), anemia* (41%, 37%, 13%), neutropenia* (47%, 46%, 44%), musculoskeletal pain (37%, 32%†, NA‡), fatigue (41%, 29%, 21%), bruising (30%, 25%†, 16%†), nausea (31%, 24%, 21%), rash (25%, 23%†, 22%†), and upper respiratory tract infection (34%, 19%, 19%).
*Based on adverse reactions and/or laboratory measurements (noted as platelets, neutrophils, or hemoglobin decreased).
†Includes multiple ADR terms.
‡Not applicable; no associated ADRs.
The most common Grade 3 or 4 non-hematologic adverse reactions (≥5%) in MCL patients were pneumonia (7%), abdominal pain (5%), atrial fibrillation (5%), diarrhea (5%), fatigue (5%), and skin infections (5%).
Approximately 4% (CLL), 14% (MCL), and 11% (WM) of patients had a dose reduction due to adverse reactions.
Approximately 4-10% (CLL), 9% (MCL), and 6% (WM) of patients discontinued due to adverse reactions. Most frequent adverse events leading to discontinuation were pneumonia, subdural hematomas, and atrial fibrillation (1% each) in CLL patients and subdural hematoma (1.8%) in MCL patients.
DRUG INTERACTIONS
CYP3A Inhibitors – Avoid coadministration with strong and moderate CYP3A inhibitors. If a moderate CYP3A inhibitor must be used, reduce the IMBRUVICA dose.
CYP3A Inducers – Avoid coadministration with strong CYP3A inducers.
SPECIFIC POPULATIONS
Hepatic Impairment – Avoid use in patients with moderate or severe baseline hepatic impairment. In patients with mild impairment, reduce IMBRUVICA dose.
Please see full Prescribing Information: View Source