Agilent Announces Update on PD-L1 CE-IVD in Urothelial Carcinoma

On August 8, 2018 Agilent Technologies Inc. (NYSE: A) reported that its PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx assay is now labeled for an updated use in urothelial carcinoma in Europe (Press release, Agilent, AUG 8, 2018, View Source [SID1234528550]).

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"We are pleased that PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx will help physicians identify urothelial carcinoma patients for whom KEYTRUDA may be an appropriate first-line treatment option. Being able to support the use of immuno-oncology therapeutics by bringing their associated diagnostics to market is truly encouraging"

Physicians in Europe can now use the assay as an aid to identify urothelial carcinoma patients who are ineligible for cisplatin and may respond to KEYTRUDA (pembrolizumab) as a first-line treatment option. KEYTRUDA is a targeted anti-PD-1 immunotherapy manufactured by Merck (known as MSD outside the United States and Canada). It is a humanized monoclonal antibody that may increase the ability of the body’s immune system to help detect and fight tumor cells.

"We are pleased that PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx will help physicians identify urothelial carcinoma patients for whom KEYTRUDA may be an appropriate first-line treatment option. Being able to support the use of immuno-oncology therapeutics by bringing their associated diagnostics to market is truly encouraging," said Sam Raha, president of Agilent’s Diagnostics and Genomics Group.

Agilent is a worldwide leader in partnering with pharmaceutical companies to develop immunohistochemical-based diagnostics for cancer therapy. Agilent developed PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx in partnership with Merck. PD-L1 expression in urothelial carcinoma tissues is interpreted using Combined Positive Score (CPS). PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx also helps physicians identify non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients for treatment with KEYTRUDA. PD-L1 expression in NSCLC tissues is interpreted using Tumor Proportion Score (TPS).

Apollo Endosurgery, Inc. Reports Second Quarter 2018 Results

On August 8, 2018 Apollo Endosurgery, Inc. ("Apollo") (Nasdaq: APEN), a global leader in less invasive medical devices for bariatric and gastrointestinal procedures, reported financial results for the second quarter ended June 30, 2018 (Press release, Apollo Endosurgery, AUG 8, 2018, View Source [SID1234528549]).

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Second Quarter 2018 Highlights

OverStitch became Apollo’s top selling product in U.S. and OUS direct markets
Completed public offering of common stock generating net proceeds of $21.9 million
Received Special 510(k) clearance from the FDA for OverStitch Sx Endoscopic Suturing System
Todd Newton, CEO of Apollo, commented, "During the second quarter, we made progress on a number of fronts. OverStitch sales were up 37% compared to the second quarter of 2017, becoming our top selling product in direct markets, while we also saw strong growth in sales of Orbera365 in the markets in which it is available. At the beginning of June, we received FDA approval for updated U.S. Orbera labeling to reflect the product’s most current safety information to both physicians and patients. We continued to move closer to the introduction of OverStitch Sx and made progress both on our margin improvement projects and our clinical data initiatives."

Second Quarter 2018 Results

Total revenues in the second quarter of 2018 were $15.8 million, compared to $17.1 million in the second quarter 2017, a decrease of 8%.

Total Endo-bariatric product sales increased 13% to $10.8 million in the second quarter 2018 compared to $9.5 million in the second quarter 2017 and comprised 68% and 56% of total revenues, respectively.

Total Endoscopic Suturing System ("ESS") product sales increased 37% to $5.5 million in the second quarter 2018 compared to $4.0 million in the second quarter 2017. Outside the U.S. ("OUS") ESS product sales increased 44%, to $2.8 million and U.S. ESS product sales increased 31% to $2.7 million due to new user adoption and greater product utilization in existing accounts.

Total Intragastric balloon product ("IGB") sales decreased 4% to $5.3 million in the second quarter 2018 compared to $5.5 million in the second quarter 2017. OUS IGB product sales increased 4%, to $3.6 million as higher unit sales and average selling prices of Orbera365 in Europe was partially offset by weaker six-month balloon sales in Brazil. In the U.S., IGB product sales decreased 18% to $1.7 million due to decreased consumer demand in reaction to the June 4, 2018 FDA letter to Health Care Professionals issued to highlight the new U.S. Orbera labeling.

Total Surgical product sales decreased $2.7 million, or 36% in the second quarter 2018 compared to the second quarter 2017 due to reductions in gastric banding procedures being performed worldwide.

Gross margin for the second quarter 2018 was 58%, compared to 61% for the second quarter 2017 as the result of a greater proportion of our overall product sales coming from our ESS products which realize a lower gross margin than our other products. While gross margin was down due to our changing sales mix, ESS product gross margin improved compared to the same period in 2017 due to completed gross margin improvement projects and higher selling prices. We expect additional ongoing and planned gross margin improvement projects to further improve Endo-bariatric product gross margin in 2019.

Total operating expenses increased $0.8 million to $16.7 million in the second quarter 2018, compared to the second quarter 2017. The increase was due to higher research and development expenses in the second quarter attributable to clinical study activities associated with our ESS and IGB products.

Net loss for the second quarter 2018 was $9.5 million compared to $6.9 million for the second quarter 2017. The increased net loss was primarily due to lower gross margin and higher research and development expenses.

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash were $35.4 million as of June 30, 2018, which includes total net proceeds of approximately $21.9 million from the Company’s follow-on common stock offering that closed on June 22, 2018.

Conference Call

Apollo will host a conference call on August 8, 2018 at 3:30 p.m. Central Time / 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time to discuss Apollo’s operating results for the second quarter ended June 30, 2018.

To participate in the conference call dial (800) 263-0877 for domestic callers and (646) 828-8143 for international callers. The conference ID number is 7723529. A live webcast of the conference call will be made available on the "Events and Presentations" section of our Investor Relations website: www.ir.apolloendo.com.

A replay of the webcast will remain available on Apollo’s website, www.apolloendo.com, until Apollo releases its third quarter 2018 financial results. In addition, a telephonic replay of the call will be available until August 14, 2018. The replay dial-in numbers are (844) 512-2921 for domestic callers and (412) 317-6671 for international callers. The replay conference ID number is 7723529.

Celldex Provides Corporate Update and Reports Second Quarter 2018 Results

On August 8, 2018 Celldex Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ:CLDX) reported business and financial highlights for the second quarter ended June 30, 2018 (Press release, Celldex Therapeutics, AUG 8, 2018, View Source [SID1234528548]). The Company will host a conference call at 4:30 p.m. ET today to provide an in-depth update on its pipeline and upcoming milestones for 2018.

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"During the second quarter, we continued to focus on advancing CDX-1140, our promising antibody targeted to CD40, a key activator of immune response, and CDX-3379, which blocks the ErbB3 receptor, an important regulator of cancer cell growth and survival," said Anthony Marucci, Co-founder, President and Chief Executive Officer of Celldex Therapeutics. "We have completed the third monotherapy dose level in the ongoing Phase 1 study of CDX-1140 and are encouraged with the tolerability, immune system activation and early signs of biological activity we have seen to date. We will also be exploring the potential of combining CDX-1140 with our dendritic cell mobilizer, CDX-301, and plan to begin enrolling those cohorts in September. In the next few months, we expect to complete enrollment in the first stage of our Phase 2 combination study of CDX-3379 and Erbitux in advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Additionally, we have IND enabling studies underway with CDX-0159, our anti-KIT antibody, with the aim of adding it as a new clinical program in 2019."

Recent Highlights:

Enrollment continues in the Phase 1 dose-escalation study of CDX-1140 in multiple types of solid tumors. CD40 has long been an important target for immunotherapy, as it plays a critical role in the activation of innate and adaptive immune responses; however, balancing systemic dosing and safety has proven elusive to date for CD40 targeted activating therapeutics. CDX-1140 is a unique, potent CD40 agonist that Celldex believes has the potential to successfully balance systemic doses for good tissue and tumor penetration with an acceptable safety profile. Three dosing cohorts have been completed, 0.01, 0.03 and 0.09 mg/kg, and data to date from these cohorts suggest that CDX-1140 has a desirable safety profile and, based on biomarker data, is demonstrating early signs of biological activity. The fourth cohort at 0.18 mg/kg is currently being enrolled. As planned, the study protocol was recently amended to explore CDX-1140 in combination with CDX-301, and enrollment to this cohort is expected to begin in September. CDX-301 is a dendritic cell growth factor that will be used as a priming agent to potentially increase the number of cells available to respond to CDX-1140. In addition, combination with varlilumab could have significant potential, especially in lymphomas which co-express CD40 and CD27 receptors.

Enrollment continues in the Phase 2 study of CDX-3379 in advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in combination with Erbitux in Erbitux-resistant patients who have been previously treated with checkpoint therapy or are not candidates for checkpoint therapy. Celldex intends to complete enrollment to the first stage of the Phase 2 study and will use these data to inform next decisions. In line with this, the Company continues to explore potential other opportunities in additional indications where ErbB3 is believed to play a role.

Data from the Phase 1/2 study of varlilumab in combination with Opdivo across multiple solid tumors were presented in an oral presentation at the 2018 ASCO (Free ASCO Whitepaper) Annual Meeting in June. In the ovarian cancer cohort, for patients with paired tumor samples from before and during treatment, increases in tumor expression of PD-L1 and CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) levels were observed. These increases were associated with improved clinical outcomes, including improved progression-free survival (PFS) and response rate. Celldex recently reviewed preliminary data from the HNSCC and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cohorts. Twenty-seven patients with HNSCC were treated in the study (3 in Phase 1; 24 in Phase 2). Patients had a median of two prior lines of therapy. 96% had Stage IV disease. 63% had PD-L1 negative tumors. 52% had HPV positive tumors. The overall response rate was 15% (n=4 confirmed) across 27 response-evaluable patients. In this small sample size, no correlation between PD-L1 status and clinical outcome was observed. Given the changing treatment paradigm in renal cell carcinoma, only 14 patients with RCC were treated in the study, all in Phase 2. All patients had prior anti-angiogenic therapy, with a range of 1 to 4 prior treatments. 100% had Stage IV disease, and 50% had PD-L1 negative tumors. 39% of patients experienced stable disease. Celldex plans to present data from the glioblastoma cohort at a medical meeting later this year.
Second Quarter and First Six Months 2018 Financial Highlights and 2018 Guidance

Cash Position: Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities as of June 30, 2018 were $114.0 million compared to $123.2 million as of March 31, 2018. The decrease was primarily driven by second quarter cash used in operating activities of approximately $17.4 million, of which $5.5 million were glembatumumab vedotin-related payments, partially offset by the receipt of $8.3 million from sales of common stock under the Cantor agreement. Celldex expects that it will make an additional $5.0 to $6.0 million in glembatumumab vedotin-related payments related to the discontinuation of that program. At June 30, 2018, Celldex had 156.6 million shares outstanding.

Revenues: Total revenue was $2.8 million in the second quarter of 2018 and $6.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to $3.8 million and $5.4 million for the comparable periods in 2017. The decrease in revenue for the second quarter of 2018 compared to the second quarter of 2017 was primarily due to lower contract revenue from the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative. The increase in revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2017 was primarily due to an increase in revenue related to the collaboration agreement with Bristol-Myers Squibb Company.

R&D Expenses: Research and development (R&D) expenses were $21.4 million in the second quarter of 2018 and $43.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to $25.0 million and $50.8 million for the comparable periods in 2017. The decrease in R&D expenses was primarily due to lower personnel, clinical trial, contract manufacturing and contract research expense, partially offset by severance expense of $1.0 million.

G&A Expenses: General and administrative (G&A) expenses were $5.6 million in the second quarter of 2018 and $11.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to $6.5 million and $13.8 million for the comparable periods in 2017. The decrease in G&A expenses was primarily due to lower personnel and marketing expense.

Changes in Fair Value Remeasurement of Contingent Consideration: Gain on the fair value remeasurement of contingent consideration related to the Kolltan acquisition was $7.4 million in the second quarter of 2018 and $21.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to discontinuation of the glembatumumab vedotin and CDX-014 programs and updated assumptions for the varlilumab program.

Net Loss: Net loss was $16.4 million, or ($0.11) per share, for the second quarter of 2018, and $134.5 million, or ($0.93) per share, for the six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to a net loss of $28.6 million, or ($0.23) per share, for the second quarter of 2017 and $62.8 million, or ($0.51) per share, for the six months ended June 30, 2017.

Financial Guidance: Celldex believes that the cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities at June 30, 2018, combined with the anticipated proceeds from future sales of common stock under the Cantor agreement, are sufficient to meet estimated working capital requirements and fund planned operations through 2020. This could be impacted if Celldex elects to pay Kolltan contingent milestones, if any, in cash.

Webcast and Conference Call

Celldex executives will host a conference call at 4:30 p.m. ET today to discuss financial and business results and to provide an update on key 2018 objectives. The conference call and presentation will be webcast live over the internet and can be accessed by going to the "Events & Presentations" page under the "Investors & Media" section of the Celldex Therapeutics website at www.celldex.com. The call can also be accessed by dialing (866) 743-9666 (within the United States) or (760) 298-5103 (outside the United States). The passcode is 4768019.

A replay of the call will be available approximately two hours after the live call concludes through August 15, 2018. To access the replay, dial (855) 859-2056 (within the United States) or (404) 537-3406 (outside the United States). The passcode is 4768019. The webcast will also be archived on the Company’s website.

Akebia Therapeutics Announces Second Quarter 2018 Financial Results

On August 8 Akebia Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: AKBA), a biopharmaceutical company focused on delivering innovative therapies to patients with kidney disease through the biology of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), reported financial results for the second quarter ended June 30, 2018 (Press release, Akebia, AUG 8, 2018, View Source [SID1234528547]).

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"In the second quarter, we continued to drive our Phase 3 vadadustat program while executing on our long-term growth strategy with the announcement of the pending merger with Keryx Biopharmaceuticals," said John P. Butler, President and Chief Executive Officer of Akebia Therapeutics. "The combination is expected to create a fully-integrated company focused on the development and commercialization of therapeutics for patients with kidney disease. We are actively engaged in integration planning and continue to target the closing of the transaction by the end of 2018."

Second Quarter 2018 and Recent Corporate Highlights

Merger Announcement:

The definitive merger agreement with Keryx Biopharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq: KERX) was announced, offering potential operating and product portfolio synergies and the opportunity to create significant value and accelerate the growth potential beyond what either company would achieve separately;
The combined company will have an expanded and highly complementary nephrology portfolio, with Auryxia (ferric citrate), a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved product in two indications with significant growth opportunity, and vadadustat, an investigational late-stage hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, which has the potential to provide a new oral standard of care to patients with anemia due to chronic kidney disease (CKD);
The combined company will have an established renal development, manufacturing and commercial organization, positioning it as a partner of choice for the renal community and for companies developing renal products; and
The combined company plans to leverage its leadership’s extensive expertise in the commercial renal market with the goal of maximizing sales of Auryxia while driving launch momentum for vadadustat in the United States, subject to FDA approval.
Clinical Development:

Completed U.S. enrollment of the Phase 3 INNO2VATE Conversion study, targeting full enrollment of the INNO2VATE program globally by the end of 2018. The company expects top-line results for the program in the fourth quarter of 2019 or the first quarter of 2020, subject to the accrual of major adverse cardiac events (MACE);
Continued to enroll subjects in the Phase 3 PRO2TECT program, with top-line results anticipated in mid-2020, subject to the accrual of MACE;
Initiated the Phase 2 FO2RWARD-2 study in dialysis dependent patients with anemia due to CKD, with top-line results expected in the first half of 2019. Results from this study are expected to provide additional characterization and differentiation of vadadustat and may further strengthen the company’s commercial position, subject to vadadustat’s regulatory approval; and
Completed a type-C meeting with the FDA, in which Akebia and the agency aligned on the statistical analysis plan in advance of a planned NDA filing for vadadustat.
Financial Results

Akebia reported a net loss of $34.1 million, or ($0.60) per share, for the second quarter of 2018 as compared to a net loss for the second quarter of 2017 of $21.5 million or ($0.53) per share.

Collaboration revenue was $48.8 million for the second quarter of 2018 compared to $28.5 million for the second quarter of 2017. Collaboration revenue recognized in the second quarter of 2018 related to revenue recognized under both the collaboration agreement with Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., or Otsuka, related to the United States, or the Otsuka U.S. Agreement, and the collaboration agreement with Otsuka related to Europe, China and certain other regions, or the Otsuka International Agreement, as well as revenue recognized in connection with the collaboration agreement with Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation. Collaboration revenue recognized in the second quarter of 2017 only related to the Otsuka U.S. Agreement and the Otsuka International Agreement, which were consummated in December 2016 and April 2017, respectively.

Research and development expenses were $71.9 million for the second quarter of 2018 compared to $43.8 million for the second quarter of 2017. The increase was primarily attributable to external costs related to the continued advancement of the global PRO2TECT and INNO2VATE Phase 3 programs, including enrollment; and the manufacture of drug substance and drug product in support of the global Phase 3 program. Research and development expenses were further increased by headcount and compensation-related costs.

General and administrative expenses were $12.5 million for the second quarter of 2018 compared to $6.9 million for the second quarter of 2017. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in costs to support the company’s research and development programs, including headcount and compensation-related costs, and costs incurred related to the proposed merger with Keryx Biopharmaceuticals.

Akebia ended the second quarter of 2018 with cash, cash equivalents and available for sale securities of $402.1 million. The company also generally receives cost-share funding from its collaboration agreements with Otsuka on a prepaid quarterly basis. Akebia expects its existing cash resources, including the prepaid quarterly committed cost-share funding from its collaborators, to fund its current operating plan into the first quarter of 2020.

Conference Call and Webcast

Akebia management will host its second quarter 2018 investor update conference call and webcast beginning at 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time today, Wednesday, August 8, 2018.

Individuals interested in participating in the call should dial (877) 458-0977 (U.S. and Canada) or (484) 653-6724 (international) using conference ID number 1398303. To access the webcast, visit the Investors section of Akebia’s website at www.akebia.com at least 15 minutes prior to the start of the call to ensure adequate time for any software downloads that may be required.

Beginning the morning of August 9, 2018, the call will be available for replay via telephone and the archived webcast will be available on Akebia’s website. To listen to the telephone replay, dial (855) 859-2056 (U.S. and Canada) or (404) 537-3406 (international) using conference ID number 1398303. The telephone replay will be available for six days following the call.

TRACON Pharmaceuticals Reports Second Quarter 2018 Financial Results And Provides Corporate Update

On August 8, 2018 TRACON Pharmaceuticals (NASDAQ:TCON), a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the development and commercialization of novel targeted therapeutics for cancer and wet age‐related macular degeneration, reported financial results for the second quarter ended June 30, 2018 (Press release, Tracon Pharmaceuticals, AUG 8, 2018, View Source [SID1234528546]).

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Second Quarter 2018 and Recent Corporate Highlights

In August, we submitted an amendment to the FDA for the Phase 3 TAPPAS trial of TRC105 for the treatment of angiosarcoma that is accruing at 26 sites in the United States and multiple sites in the United Kingdom and France. The amendment proposes an increase in the trial sample size to account for the fewer than expected number of events that define the endpoint of progression free survival, reflecting a higher than expected rate of withdrawal for progressive disease unconfirmed by central review. The amendment increases the number of patients analyzed at the interim analysis from 70 to 120. Although the trial is enrolling at a higher rate than expected, with more than 80 patients enrolled, the amendment is expected to delay the interim analysis until Q1 2019.

In July, we completed enrollment in the Phase 1 portion of a Phase 1/2 trial of TRC253 and determined the recommended Phase 2 dose for patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Dosing in the Phase 2 portion of the trial commenced in August. The Phase 1/2 trial is designed to assess safety, determine the recommended Phase 2 dose and assess response by prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. If Janssen opts to reacquire TRC253 prior to or following completion of the Phase 1/2 trial, TRACON is entitled to receive a $45.0 million opt-in payment, up to $137.5 million in potential milestone payments and a low-single digit royalty.

In June, preclinical data from two murine models assessing the activity of TRC105 in combination with a PD-1 antibody were presented at the 2018 International Cancer Microenvironment Society meeting. The combination of treatment with TRC105 and the PD-1 antibody significantly reduced tumor volume compared to treatment with either individual therapy in both tumor models. Survival was significantly improved with combination treatment versus the individual therapies, with long-term survival demonstrated in 30% to 60% of animals. Combination treatment also increased tumor specific T cells, indicating stimulation of an immune response. TRC105 is being developed with the PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor Opdivo in patients with lung cancer in a Phase 1 trial.

In April, TRACON closed a private placement of its common stock and warrants providing aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $38.7 million. In conjunction with the financing, the Company appointed Ted Wang, Ph.D., Chief Investment Officer of Puissance Capital Management, to its Board of Directors.
"We anticipate significant news flow over the next few quarters with three major data events from TRC105 trials, including two randomized data points: top-line Phase 2 data in renal cell carcinoma and interim Phase 3 results in angiosarcoma" said Charles Theuer, M.D., Ph.D., President and CEO of TRACON. "We continue to be encouraged by the rapid rate of accrual into the Phase 3 TAPPAS angiosarcoma trial."

Expected Upcoming Milestones

Announcement of top-line data from the randomized Phase 2 TRAXAR trial of TRC105 in combination with Inlyta for patients with advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma is expected prior to the end of 2018.

Announcement of data from the Phase 1b trial of TRC105 in combination with Opdivo in patients with non-small cell lung cancer is expected prior to the end of 2018.

Announcement of the results of the interim analysis from the Phase 3 pivotal TAPPAS trial of TRC105 in angiosarcoma is expected in Q1 2019.
Second Quarter 2018 Financial Results

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments were $53.4 million at June 30, 2018, compared to $34.5 million at December 31, 2017. We expect our current cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments to fund operations into Q4 2019.

Research and development expenses for the second quarter of 2018 were $8.1 million compared to $4.9 million for the second quarter of 2017. The increase was primarily attributable to increased TRC105 drug manufacturing activities in the second quarter of 2018 as compared to the 2017 period.

General and administrative expenses for the second quarter of 2018 were $1.6 million compared to $2.1 million for the second quarter of 2017.

Net loss for the second quarter of 2018 was $9.8 million compared to $6.6 million for the second quarter of 2017.
Investor Conference Call

The Company will hold a conference call today at 4:30 p.m. EST / 1:30 p.m. PST to provide an update on corporate activities and to discuss the financial results of its second quarter of 2018. The dial-in numbers are (855) 779‑9066 for domestic callers and (631) 485-4859 for international callers. Please use passcode 3189378. A live webcast of the conference call will be available online from the Investor/Events and Presentation page of the Company’s website at www.traconpharma.com.

After the live webcast, a replay will remain available on TRACON’s website for 60 days.

About Carotuximab (TRC105)

TRC105 is a novel, clinical stage antibody to endoglin, a protein overexpressed on proliferating endothelial cells that is essential for angiogenesis, the process of new blood vessel formation. TRC105 is currently being studied in a pivotal Phase 3 trial in angiosarcoma and multiple Phase 2 clinical trials, in combination with VEGF inhibitors, as well as in a Phase 1 trial with Opdivo. TRC105 has received orphan designation for the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma in both the U.S. and EU. The ophthalmic formulation of TRC105, DE-122, is currently in a randomized Phase 2 trial for patients with wet AMD. For more information about the clinical trials, please visit TRACON’s website at www.traconpharma.com/clinical_trials.php.

About TRC253

TRC253 is a novel, orally bioavailable small molecule that is a potent, high affinity competitive inhibitor of the androgen receptor (AR) and AR mutations, including the F876L (also known as F877L) mutation. The AR F876L mutation results in an alteration in the AR ligand binding domain that confers resistance to therapies for prostate cancer. Activation of the AR is crucial for the growth of prostate cancer at all stages of the disease. Therapies targeting the AR have demonstrated clinical efficacy by extending time to disease progression, and in some cases, the survival of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, resistance to these agents is often observed and several molecular mechanisms of resistance have been identified, including gene amplification, overexpression, alternative splicing, and point mutation of the AR