On May 4, 2023 Arbutus Biopharma Corporation (Nasdaq: ABUS) ("Arbutus" or the "Company"), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company leveraging its extensive virology expertise to develop novel therapeutics that target specific viral diseases, reported first quarter 2023 financial results and provided a corporate update (Press release, Arbutus Biopharma, MAY 4, 2023, View Source [SID1234630999]).
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"In the first quarter of 2023, we made meaningful progress advancing our pipeline of HBV and coronavirus assets to address large global market opportunities," said William Collier, Arbutus’ President and Chief Executive Officer. "We reported data from our lead HBV-focused RNAi therapeutic, AB-729, showing low levels of HBsAg and HBV DNA in most patients persisting for at least a year and a half after their last dose of AB-729. In addition, we dosed the first healthy subject in our Phase 1 clinical trial with AB-161, our oral RNA destabilizer, for which we expect data in the second half of this year. We continue to advance our coronavirus programs and expect to initiate a Phase 1 clinical trial with our Mpro inhibitor candidate, AB-343, as well as IND-enabling studies for an nsp12 inhibitor candidate in the second half of this year."
Pipeline Updates and Key Milestones
AB-729 (RNAi Therapeutic)
At the Global Hepatitis Summit in April, we reported in an oral presentation additional off-treatment data from the patients in our Phase 1b clinical trial (AB-729-001) who have discontinued both AB-729 and nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) therapy. These seven remaining patients continue to maintain low HBV DNA levels off all therapy, and HBsAg levels remain below baseline (-0.8 to -1.6 log10) up to one and a half years after the last dose of AB-729.
We are continuing to evaluate the safety and tolerability of AB-729 in combination with ongoing NA therapy and short courses of PEG-IFNα-2a (IFN) in 43 patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (cHBV) infection in a Phase 2a clinical trial (AB-729-201). Preliminary data from the lead-in phase of the trial further validated AB-729’s capacity to reduce HBsAg. We expect to announce preliminary data from patients receiving the combination of AB-729, NA therapy and IFN in the second quarter of 2023.
We are continuing to evaluate AB-729, NA therapy and Vaccitech’s HBV antigen-specific immunotherapeutic, VTP-300, in a Phase 2a clinical trial (AB-729-202). Once enrollment is complete in the initial portion of this trial, we will begin enrolling 20 patients in an additional arm of the trial. These patients will receive AB-729 (60mg every 8 weeks) plus NA therapy for 24 weeks, followed by VTP-300 plus one to two low doses of nivolumab (Opdivo). We expect preliminary data from patients who receive AB-729, NA therapy and VTP-300 in the second half of 2023, and we expect to dose the first patient in the additional arm receiving AB-729, NA therapy, VTP-300 and nivolumab in the second quarter of 2023.
AB-161 (Oral RNA destabilizer)
In March, we dosed the first healthy subject in our Phase 1 clinical trial with AB-161. The single-ascending dose data is expected in the second half of 2023. AB-161 is our next-generation oral HBV-specific RNA destabilizer, which is being developed as part of a potential all-oral treatment regimen to functionally cure HBV.
At the Global Hepatitis Summit in April, we presented preclinical data showing that AB-161 provides robust anti-HBV activity including suppression of HBV RNA and HBsAg production in vitro and in vivo. The differentiated anti-HBV mode of action of AB-161 compared to other classes of HBV inhibitors, suggest that AB-161 may be an important component in combination to provide a functional cure for cHBV.
AB-101 (Oral PD-L1 Inhibitor)
In April, we received verbal communication from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) that the AB-101 Investigational New Drug (IND) application has been placed on clinical hold. For purposes of clarity, the Phase 1 clinical trial had not been initiated and we had not dosed any patients with AB-101. The FDA indicated they will provide an official clinical hold letter to Arbutus within 30 days of the verbal communication. Based on this communication, we no longer intend to report initial data from the single-ascending dose portion of a Phase 1 clinical trial in the second half of 2023. We are developing AB-101, our oral PD-L1 inhibitor, to reawaken and boost the immune system of patients with cHBV. Preclinical data generated thus far indicates that AB-101 is highly potent and mediates activation and reinvigoration of HBV-specific T-cells from cHBV patients.
COVID-19 and Pan-Coronavirus Programs
At the 36th International Conference on Antiviral Research in March, we presented pre-clinical data for AB-343, our lead coronavirus drug candidate that inhibits the main protease (Mpro). The antiviral potency, selectivity and favorable pharmacokinetic data support the further development of AB-343 as a potential ritonavir-free oral treatment for COVID-19 and other human coronaviruses. We are currently conducting IND-enabling studies with AB-343, and on completion, we expect to initiate a Phase 1 clinical trial in the second half of 2023.
We are continuing to direct our research efforts to identifying an nsp12 viral polymerase clinical candidate. Such a candidate could potentially be combined with AB-343 to achieve better patient treatment outcomes and for use in prophylactic settings. We expect to nominate an nsp12 clinical candidate and initiate IND-enabling studies in the second half of 2023.
Financial Results
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments
As of March 31, 2023, we had cash, cash equivalents and investments in marketable securities of $178.5 million compared to $184.3 million as of December 31, 2022. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we used $27.3 million in operating activities, which was partially offset by $19.9 million of net proceeds from the issuance of common shares under our "at-the-market" offering program. Based on AB-101’s IND being placed on clinical hold by the FDA and a resulting shift in the timing of our AB-101 Phase 1 clinical trial, we are reducing our 2023 cash burn guidance from between $95 to $100 million to between $90 to $95 million. We believe our cash runway will be sufficient to fund our operations into the first quarter of 2025.
Revenue
Total revenue was $6.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $12.6 million for the same period in 2022. The decrease of $5.9 million was due primarily to less revenue recognition from our license agreement with Qilu compared to last year based on employee labor hours expended by us to perform our manufacturing obligations under the license agreement.
Operating Expenses
Research and development expenses were $18.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $18.5 million for the same period in 2022. The decrease of $0.2 million was due primarily to a decrease in expenses for our AB-836 Phase 1a/1b clinical trial, which was discontinued in the fourth quarter of 2022, partially offset by an increase in expenses for our coronavirus program and other early-stage development programs.
Net Loss
For the three months ended March 31, 2023, our net loss was $16.3 million, or a loss of $0.10 per basic and diluted common share, as compared to a net loss of $15.8 million, or a loss of $0.11 per basic and diluted common share, for the three months ended March 31, 2022. Net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2022 included $4.4 million of income tax expense for withholding taxes paid to the Chinese taxing authority by Qilu on our behalf in connection with the upfront license fee Qilu paid us.
Outstanding Shares
As of March 31, 2023, we had approximately 165.1 million common shares issued and outstanding, as well as approximately 19.7 million stock options and unvested restricted stock units outstanding. Roivant Sciences Ltd. owned approximately 23% of our outstanding common shares as of March 31, 2023.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF LOSS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022
Revenue
Collaborations and licenses $ 5,509 $ 11,218
Non-cash royalty revenue 1,178 1,363
Total revenue 6,687 12,581
Operating expenses
Research and development 18,275 18,462
General and administrative 5,552 4,892
Change in fair value of contingent consideration 273 201
Total operating expenses 24,100 23,555
Loss from operations (17,413 ) (10,974 )
Other income (loss)
Interest income 1,268 159
Interest expense (198 ) (506 )
Foreign exchange gain 4 —
Total other income (loss) 1,074 (347 )
Loss before income taxes (16,339 ) (11,321 )
Income tax expense — (4,444 )
Net loss $ (16,339 ) $ (15,765 )
Net loss per common share
Basic and diluted $ (0.10 ) $ (0.11 )
Weighted average number of common shares
Basic and diluted 161,643,404 148,428,326
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands)
March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022
Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, current $ 146,728 $ 146,913
Accounts receivable and other current assets 6,126 4,226
Total current assets 152,854 151,139
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation 4,853 5,070
Investments in marketable securities, non-current 31,790 37,363
Right of use asset 1,665 1,744
Other non-current assets 62 103
Total assets $ 191,224 $ 195,419
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $ 9,653 $ 16,029
Deferred license revenue, current 15,055 16,456
Lease liability, current 446 372
Total current liabilities 25,154 32,857
Liability related to sale of future royalties 9,384 10,365
Deferred license revenue, non-current 3,296 5,999
Contingent consideration 7,804 7,531
Lease liability, non-current 1,671 1,815
Total stockholders’ equity 143,915 136,852
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 191,224 $ 195,419
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
Three Months Ended March 31,
2023 2022
Net loss $ (16,339 ) $ (15,765 )
Non-cash items 1,372 1,642
Change in deferred license revenue (4,104 ) 38,840
Other changes in working capital (8,230 ) (4,098 )
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities (27,301 ) 20,619
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 16,678 (60,056 )
Issuance of common shares pursuant to Share Purchase Agreement — 10,973
Issuance of common shares pursuant to the Open Market Sale Agreement 19,862 268
Cash provided by other financing activities 555 244
Net cash provided by financing activities 20,417 11,485
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 4 -
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 9,798 (27,952 )
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 30,776 109,282
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period 40,574 81,330
Investments in marketable securities 137,944 153,500
Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, end of period $ 178,518 $ 234,830
Conference Call and Webcast Today
Arbutus will hold a conference call and webcast today, Thursday, May 4, 2023, at 8:45 AM Eastern Time to provide a corporate update. To dial-in for the conference call by phone, please register using the following link: Registration Link. A live webcast of the conference call can be accessed through the Investors section of Arbutus’ website at www.arbutusbio.com.
An archived webcast will be available on the Arbutus website after the event.
About AB-729
AB-729 is an RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutic specifically designed to reduce all HBV viral proteins and antigens including hepatitis B surface antigen which is thought to be a key prerequisite to enable reawakening of a patient’s immune system to respond to the virus. AB-729 targets hepatocytes using Arbutus’ novel covalently conjugated N-Acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) delivery technology enabling subcutaneous delivery. Clinical data generated thus far has shown single- and multi-doses of AB-729 to be generally safe and well-tolerated, while also providing meaningful reductions in hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B DNA. AB-729 is currently in multiple Phase 2a clinical trials.
About AB-101
AB-101 is our lead oral PD-L1 inhibitor candidate that we believe will allow for controlled checkpoint blockade and enable oral dosing, while minimizing the systemic safety issues typically seen with checkpoint antibody therapies. Immune checkpoints such as PD-1/PD-L1 play an important role in the induction and maintenance of immune tolerance and in T-cell activation. Preclinical data generated thus far indicates that AB-101 mediates activation and reinvigoration of HBV-specific T-cells from cHBV patients. We believe AB-101, when used in combination with other approved and investigational agents, could potentially lead to a functional cure in HBV chronically infected patients. We are also exploring oncology applications for our internal PD-L1 portfolio.
About AB-161
AB-161 is our next generation oral small molecule RNA destabilizer, specifically designed to target the liver. Mechanistically, RNA destabilizers target the host proteins PAPD5/7, which are involved in regulating the stability of HBV RNA transcripts. In doing so, RNA destabilizers lead to the selective degradation of HBV RNAs, thus reducing HBsAg levels and inhibiting viral replication. To provide a proprietary all-oral treatment regimen for patients with cHBV, we believe inclusion of a small molecule RNA destabilizer is key.
About AB-343
AB-343 is our lead coronavirus drug candidate that inhibits the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), a validated target for the treatment of COVID-19 and potential future coronavirus outbreaks. In our pre-clinical research conducted to date, AB-343 has shown pan-coronavirus antiviral activity, no reduction in potency against known SARS-CoV-2 variants, robust activity against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro resistant strains, and a favorable drug-drug interaction profile with no need for ritonavir boosting. We see an opportunity to pursue a potential combination therapeutic strategy focusing on Mpro and nsp12 viral polymerase targets to reduce hospitalizations, achieve better patient treatment outcomes and provide pre-exposure prophylactic therapy.
About HBV
Hepatitis B is a potentially life-threatening liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). HBV can cause chronic infection which leads to a higher risk of death from cirrhosis and liver cancer. Chronic HBV infection represents a significant unmet medical need. The World Health Organization estimates that over 290 million people worldwide suffer from chronic HBV infection, while other estimates indicate that approximately 2.4 million people in the United States suffer from chronic HBV infection. Approximately 820,000 people die every year from complications related to chronic HBV infection despite the availability of effective vaccines and current treatment options.