On December 21, 2023 Johnson & Johnson reported the submission of a supplemental Biologics License Application (sBLA) to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) together with a New Drug Application (NDA) seeking the approval of RYBREVANT (amivantamab-vmjw) in combination with lazertinib for the first-line treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 19 deletions or L858R substitution mutations, as detected by an FDA-approved test (Press release, Johnson & Johnson, DEC 21, 2023, View Source;johnson-submits-supplemental-biologics-license-application-and-new-drug-application-to-us-fda-seeking-approval-of-rybrevant-amivantamab-vmjw-plus-lazertinib-for-the-treatment-of-patients-with-egfr-mutated-non-small–302020967.html [SID1234638763]). Based on the Phase 3 MARIPOSA study, this marks the third submission from the RYBREVANT clinical development program in four months, following sBLA submissions for MARIPOSA-2 and PAPILLON.
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"The combination of RYBREVANT and lazertinib demonstrated statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in progression-free survival compared to osimertinib in patients with previously untreated EGFR-mutated NSCLC. This remains an area of high unmet need as patients often experience treatment resistance and disease progression on currently available therapies," said Kiran Patel, M.D., Vice President, Clinical Development, Solid Tumors, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine. "We believe this targeted, chemotherapy-free regimen may have the potential to transform the treatment of EGFR-mutated NSCLC, and we look forward to working with the FDA in review of these applications."
These applications are supported by data from the Phase 3 MARIPOSA (NCT04487080) study evaluating the efficacy and safety of RYBREVANT in combination with lazertinib versus osimertinib and versus lazertinib alone in first-line treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with EGFR ex19del or L858R substitution mutations.1,2 Results from the MARIPOSA study were recently presented in a Presidential Symposium at the European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) (Free ESMO Whitepaper) 2023 Congress (Abstract #LBA14).
About the MARIPOSA Study
MARIPOSA (NCT04487080), which enrolled 1,074 patients, is a randomized, Phase 3 study evaluating RYBREVANT1 (amivantamab-vmjw), a bispecific antibody targeting EGFR and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), in combination with lazertinib, an oral, third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), versus osimertinib and versus lazertinib alone in first-line treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with EGFR ex19del or L858R substitution mutations. The primary endpoint of the study is progression-free survival (PFS) (using RECIST* v1.1 guidelines) as assessed by blinded independent central review (BICR). Secondary endpoints include OS, ORR, DOR, second progression-free survival (PFS2) and intracranial PFS.1
The MARIPOSA study required all patients to have serial brain imaging with MRIs in order to detect or monitor brain metastases, a measure not implemented in most prior studies for EGFR-mutated NSCLC. The primary endpoint of PFS in MARIPOSA included these central nervous system (CNS) events detected by serial brain MRIs. Extracranial PFS, which may more closely approximate what would be seen in other trials, was also explored in MARIPOSA.
About RYBREVANT
RYBREVANT (amivantamab-vmjw), a fully-human bispecific antibody targeting EGFR and MET with immune cell-directing activity, received accelerated approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in May 2021 for the treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations, as detected by an FDA-approved test, whose disease has progressed on or after platinum-based chemotherapy.2 This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on ORR and DOR. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in the confirmatory trials. RYBREVANT has also received approval from health authorities in Europe as well as other markets around the world. The supplemental Biologics License Application (sBLA) Johnson & Johnson submitted to the U.S. FDA for RYBREVANT in combination with chemotherapy (carboplatin-pemetrexed) for the first-line treatment of patients with NSCLC with EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations has been granted priority review. In October 2023, a type II extension of indication application was submitted to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) seeking approval of RYBREVANT for this indication. In November 2023, Johnson & Johnson submitted an sBLA to the U.S. FDA for RYBREVANT in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC who progressed on or after osimertinib. A type II extension of indication application was also submitted to the EMA seeking the approval of RYBREVANT for this indication.
The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for NSCLC‡ prefer next-generation sequencing–based strategies over polymerase chain reaction–based approaches for the detection of EGFR exon 20 insertion variants and include amivantamab-vmjw (RYBREVANT) as a subsequent therapy option with a Category 2A recommendation for patients that have progressed on or after platinum-based chemotherapy with or without immunotherapy and have EGFR exon 20 insertion mutation-positive advanced NSCLC.3§∥
In addition to the Phase 3 MARIPOSA study, RYBREVANT is being studied in multiple clinical trials in NSCLC, including:
The Phase 3 MARIPOSA-2 (NCT04988295) study evaluating the efficacy and safety of RYBREVANT and chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced or metastatic EGFR ex19del or L858R substitution NSCLC who had disease progression on or after treatment with osimertinib. Data for this randomized Phase 3 study presented at the ESMO (Free ESMO Whitepaper) 2023 Congress demonstrated statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in PFS in patients receiving RYBREVANT plus chemotherapy with and without lazertinib versus chemotherapy.4
The Phase 3 PAPILLON (NCT04538664) study assessing RYBREVANT in combination with carboplatin-pemetrexed versus carboplatin-pemetrexed in the first-line treatment of patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC with EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations. Data for this randomized Phase 3 study presented at the ESMO (Free ESMO Whitepaper) 2023 Congress demonstrated statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in PFS in patients receiving RYBREVANT versus chemotherapy.5
The Phase 1 CHRYSALIS (NCT02609776) study evaluating RYBREVANT in participants with advanced NSCLC.6
The Phase 1/1b CHRYSALIS-2 (NCT04077463) study evaluating RYBREVANT in combination with lazertinib and lazertinib as a monotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC with EGFR mutations.7
The Phase 1 PALOMA (NCT04606381) study assessing the feasibility of subcutaneous (SC) administration of amivantamab based on safety and pharmacokinetics and to determine a dose, dose regimen and formulation for amivantamab SC delivery.8
The Phase 2 PALOMA-2 (NCT05498428) study assessing subcutaneous amivantamab in participants with advanced or metastatic solid tumors including EGFR-mutated NSCLC.9
The Phase 3 PALOMA-3 (NCT05388669) study assessing lazertinib with subcutaneous amivantamab compared to intravenous amivantamab in participants with EGFR-mutated advanced or metastatic NSCLC.10
The Phase 1/2 METalmark (NCT05488314) study assessing RYBREVANT and capmatinib combination therapy in locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC.11
The Phase 1/2 PolyDamas (NCT05908734) study assessing RYBREVANT and cetrelimab combination therapy in locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC.12
The Phase 2 SKIPPirr study (NCT05663866) exploring how to decrease the incidence and/or severity of first-dose infusion-related reactions with RYBREVANT in combination with lazertinib in relapsed or refractory EGFR-mutated advanced or metastatic NSCLC.13
The Phase 2 COCOON study (NCT06120140) will evaluate enhanced dermatological care to reduce rash and paronychia in patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC treated first-line with amivantamab plus lazertinib.14
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About Lazertinib
In 2018, Janssen Biotech, Inc., entered into a license and collaboration agreement with Yuhan Corporation for the development of lazertinib. Lazertinib is an oral, third-generation, brain-penetrant EGFR TKI that targets both the T790M mutation and activating EGFR mutations while sparing wild-type EGFR. An analysis of the efficacy and safety of lazertinib from the Phase 3 LASER301 study was published in The Journal of Clinical Oncology in 2023.15
About Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Worldwide, lung cancer is one of the most common cancers, with NSCLC making up 80 to 85 percent of all lung cancer cases.16,17 The main subtypes of NSCLC are adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma.18 Among the most common driver mutations in NSCLC are alterations in EGFR, which is a receptor tyrosine kinase controlling cell growth and division.19 EGFR mutations are present in 10 to 15 percent of Western patients with NSCLC with adenocarcinoma histology and occur in 40 to 50 percent of Asian patients.18,19,20,21,22,23 EGFR ex19del or EGFR L858R mutations are the most common EGFR mutations.24 The five-year survival rate for all people with advanced NSCLC and EGFR mutations treated with EGFR TKIs is less than 20 percent.25,26 Patients with EGFR ex19del or L858R mutations have a real-world five-year OS of 19 percent.27
RYBREVANT IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION2
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Infusion-Related Reactions
RYBREVANT can cause infusion-related reactions (IRR); signs and symptoms of IRR include dyspnea, flushing, fever, chills, nausea, chest discomfort, hypotension, and vomiting.
Based on the safety population, IRR occurred in 66% of patients treated with RYBREVANT. Among patients receiving treatment on Week 1 Day 1, 65% experienced an IRR, while the incidence of IRR was 3.4% with the Day 2 infusion, 0.4% with the Week 2 infusion, and cumulatively 1.1% with subsequent infusions. Of the reported IRRs, 97% were Grade 1-2, 2.2% were Grade 3, and 0.4% were Grade 4. The median time to onset was 1 hour (range 0.1 to 18 hours) after start of infusion. The incidence of infusion modifications due to IRR was 62% and 1.3% of patients permanently discontinued RYBREVANT due to IRR.
Premedicate with antihistamines, antipyretics, and glucocorticoids and infuse RYBREVANT as recommended. Administer RYBREVANT via a peripheral line on Week 1 and Week 2. Monitor patients for any signs and symptoms of infusion reactions during RYBREVANT infusion in a setting where cardiopulmonary resuscitation medication and equipment are available. Interrupt infusion if IRR is suspected. Reduce the infusion rate or permanently discontinue RYBREVANT based on severity.
Interstitial Lung Disease/Pneumonitis
RYBREVANT can cause interstitial lung disease (ILD)/pneumonitis. Based on the safety population, ILD/pneumonitis occurred in 3.3% of patients treated with RYBREVANT, with 0.7% of patients experiencing Grade 3 ILD/pneumonitis. Three patients (1%) discontinued RYBREVANT due to ILD/pneumonitis.
Monitor patients for new or worsening symptoms indicative of ILD/pneumonitis (e.g., dyspnea, cough, fever). Immediately withhold RYBREVANT in patients with suspected ILD/pneumonitis and permanently discontinue if ILD/pneumonitis is confirmed.
Dermatologic Adverse Reactions
RYBREVANT can cause rash (including dermatitis acneiform), pruritus and dry skin. Based on the safety population, rash occurred in 74% of patients treated with RYBREVANT, including Grade 3 rash in 3.3% of patients. The median time to onset of rash was 14 days (range: 1 to 276 days). Rash leading to dose reduction occurred in 5% of patients, and RYBREVANT was permanently discontinued due to rash in 0.7% of patients.
Toxic epidermal necrolysis occurred in one patient (0.3%) treated with RYBREVANT.
Instruct patients to limit sun exposure during and for 2 months after treatment with RYBREVANT. Advise patients to wear protective clothing and use broad spectrum UVA/UVB sunscreen. Alcohol-free emollient cream is recommended for dry skin.
If skin reactions develop, start topical corticosteroids and topical and/or oral antibiotics. For Grade 3 reactions, add oral steroids and consider dermatologic consultation. Promptly refer patients presenting with severe rash, atypical appearance or distribution, or lack of improvement within 2 weeks to a dermatologist. Withhold, dose reduce or permanently discontinue RYBREVANT based on severity.
Ocular Toxicity
RYBREVANT can cause ocular toxicity including keratitis, dry eye symptoms, conjunctival redness, blurred vision, visual impairment, ocular itching, and uveitis. Based on the safety population, keratitis occurred in 0.7% and uveitis occurred in 0.3% of patients treated with RYBREVANT. All events were Grade 1-2. Promptly refer patients presenting with eye symptoms to an ophthalmologist. Withhold, dose reduce or permanently discontinue RYBREVANT based on severity.
Embryo-Fetal Toxicity
Based on its mechanism of action and findings from animal models, RYBREVANT can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Advise females of reproductive potential of the potential risk to the fetus. Advise female patients of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment and for 3 months after the final dose of RYBREVANT.
Adverse Reactions
The most common adverse reactions (≥20%) were rash (84%), IRR (64%), paronychia (50%), musculoskeletal pain (47%), dyspnea (37%), nausea (36%), fatigue (33%), edema (27%), stomatitis (26%), cough (25%), constipation (23%), and vomiting (22%). The most common Grade 3 to 4 laboratory abnormalities (≥2%) were decreased lymphocytes (8%), decreased albumin (8%), decreased phosphate (8%), decreased potassium (6%), increased alkaline phosphatase (4.8%), increased glucose (4%), increased gamma-glutamyl transferase (4%), and decreased sodium (4%).
Please read the full Prescribing Information for RYBREVANT.