On January 19, 2023 ImmunityBio, Inc. (NASDAQ: IBRX), a clinical-stage immunotherapy company, reported positive results in its fully-enrolled metastatic pancreatic cancer study in third-line or greater subjects (QUILT 88) showing that the overall survival rate for patients continues to be double compared to historical survival rates after two or more prior lines of therapy (Press release, ImmunityBio, JAN 19, 2023, View Source [SID1234626388]). The results were presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) Gastrointestinal (ASCO GI) conference in San Francisco January 19-21. See link to poster here.
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The median OS in this highly advanced group of patients, up to seven lines (N=83) of treatment, was 5.8 months (95% CI: 4.9, 6.4 months), exceeding the approximately 2- to 3-month historical median OS. In the third-line setting (N=41), the median OS in this group was 6.3 months (95% CI: 5.0, 7.2 months), more than doubling the historical OS.
The baseline median CA 19-9 level (a marker of metastatic pancreatic disease) of the enrolled subjects (N=83) was very high at 4120 IU/ml, a significant increase from normal levels of 40 IU/ml. In subjects with CA 19-9 levels less than 4120 IU/ml (N=40), the median OS was 6.9 months (95% CI: 5.7,10.9).
"We are encouraged by the positive results in these patients with 3rd, 4th, 5th and even 7th line advanced pancreatic cancer and the considered and helpful feedback from the FDA," said Patrick Soon-Shiong, M.D., Executive Chairman and Global Chief Scientific and Medical Officer at ImmunityBio. "Treatments for pancreatic cancer in the advanced setting remain an unmet need and we are committed to confirming our hypothesis that orchestrating the innate and adaptive immune system will advance the care of these patients."
ImmunityBio also announced that it held two productive Type B meetings with the FDA in December. The first was to present the recent data and obtain guidance toward a registration pathway in metastatic pancreatic cancer with combination immunotherapy and NK cell therapy. The second meeting concerned the papillary cohort of the company’s BCG-unresponsive non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer study (QUILT 3.032; Cohort B). Cohorts A and C from this study were submitted in the BLA application for BCG-unresponsive NMIBC CIS, which has a May 2023 PDUFA date. The Agency advised the company to conduct randomized trials in localized BCG-unresponsive NMIBC papillary disease and in late-stage metastatic pancreatic cancer.
QUILT-88 Study Details
This Phase 2, randomized, three-cohort, open-label study will evaluate the comparative efficacy and overall safety of standard-of-care chemotherapy versus low-dose chemotherapy in combination with PD-L1 t-haNK, Anktiva (N-803), and aldoxorubicin in subjects with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer (NCT04390399). Each treatment setting, as well as each first- and second-line or later maintenance treatment, will be evaluated independently as Cohorts A, B, and C, respectively, with Cohorts A and B having independent experimental and control arms. The primary objective of Cohorts A and B is progression-free survival (PFS) per RECIST V1.1, and the objective of Cohort C is overall survival (OS). Secondary objectives include initial safety and additional efficacy measures, including overall response rate (ORR), complete response (CR) rate, durability of response (DoR), disease control rate (DCR), and overall survival (OS).
Trial sites include: Hoag Memorial Hospital Presbyterian in Orange County, Calif.; The Chan Soon-Shiong Institute for Medicine in Los Angeles County, Calif.; Astera Cancer Care in East Brunswick, NJ; and Avera McKennan Hospital and University Health Center in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, which serves patients in the tri-state area (Iowa, Nebraska and South Dakota).
Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States and has one of the highest mortality rates of all major cancers, taking nearly 50,000 lives in the U.S. every year. Today, surgery and subsequent adjuvant chemotherapy are the preferred treatment options for pancreatic cancer, but the five-year survival rate for late-stage cases is just 3%. For the majority of patients who present with more advanced disease, treatment typically consists of chemotherapy alone or supportive care for metastatic patients, and chemotherapy with or without radiation for those with locally advanced disease, leaving patients seeking new options.