On April 7. 2025 CureVac N.V. (Nasdaq: CVAC) ("CureVac"), a global biotech company developing a new class of transformative medicines based on messenger ribonucleic acid ("mRNA"), reported that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has cleared its Investigational New Drug (IND) application for a Phase 1 clinical study of CVHNLC in patients with squamous non-small cell lung cancer (sqNSCLC) (Press release, CureVac, APR 7, 2025, View Source [SID1234651815]). CVHNLC is CureVac’s investigational mRNA-based precision immunotherapy consisting of two different mRNA constructs encoding eight tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) with prevalence across sqNSCLC patients. Encoded antigens include a novel class of TAAs that have not been previously tested in cancer immunotherapy trials.
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The phase 1, dose-finding, open-label study will assess the safety and tolerability of CVHNLC plus pembrolizumab in patients with advanced sqNSCLC. The study comprises a dose-escalation part (Part A) of first-line maintenance treatment after either chemotherapy combined with pembrolizumab or pembrolizumab monotherapy. This is followed by an optional dose expansion part (Part B) in which CVHNLC is tested in combination with first-line chemotherapy and pembrolizumab.
"Immune checkpoint blockade has become a new standard of care for patients with metastatic squamous non-small cell lung cancer; however, overall prognosis still remains poor in advanced as well as in early settings of this disease, highlighting the urgent need for new therapeutic options," said Dr. Myriam Mendila, CureVac’s Chief Scientific Officer. "Squamous non-small cell lung cancer exhibits a high prevalence of shared tumor antigens among patients, presenting a unique opportunity for developing targeted off-the-shelf mRNA immunotherapies. We believe by administering CVHNLC with checkpoint inhibition, we will trigger an amplified and targeted immune response, thereby increasing the efficacy against the cancer. Our goal is to take this combination also into earlier setting of the disease."
In Part A, patients with metastatic Stage IV sqNSCLC, who have received at least three cycles of pembrolizumab, either as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy, will be enrolled. CVHNLC doses between 100µg and 400 µg plus pembrolizumab maintenance therapy for up to 12 months or until disease progression or undue toxicity occurs, will be administered with dose escalation. Primary endpoints include incidence of dose-limiting toxicities and treatment-related and emergent adverse events; secondary endpoints include overall response rate, progression-free survival, duration of response, and disease control rate.
"CVHNLC is our second oncology program to enter the clinical stage, highlighting the continued progress we are making with our mRNA-based precision immunotherapies. Importantly, we have been able to design CVHNLC using both known, shared tumor antigens and novel proprietary antigens discovered using our differentiated in-house technology platform," said Dr. Alexander Zehnder, Chief Executive Officer of CureVac. "We are leveraging this approach in the design of multiple novel cancer mRNA programs in our collaboration with MD Anderson Cancer Center, which we anticipate entering the clinic in the next 18-24 months."
About CVHNLC
CVHNLC has been built on CureVac’s advanced second-generation mRNA backbone, featuring two different constructs utilizing unmodified mRNA formulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). Its multi-epitope design encodes eight shared antigens, four of which are well-known with established relevance in solid tumors. The other four antigens are a novel class of TAAs uniquely derived from CureVac’s proprietary whole-genome discovery platform.
About Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
In the U.S., there are approximately 225,000 new cases of lung cancer each year, 87 % of which are NSCLC, according to the American Cancer Society. Squamous non-small cell lung cancer (sqNSCLC) represents approximately 20-30% of all NSCLC cases and is considered a more aggressive form, posing significant challenges in disease control and treatment. Patients with sqNSCLC often face a tougher prognosis compared to other types of NSCLC. In the early sqNSCLC setting after neoadjuvant treatment, there is a 30-40% relapse rate within two years, with median overall survival of 15-17 months in metastatic setting.