On November 13, 2025 Candel Therapeutics, Inc. (Candel or the Company) (Nasdaq: CADL), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on developing multimodal biological immunotherapies to help patients fight cancer, reported financial results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2025, and provided a corporate update.
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"This quarter we continued to make strong progress across our clinical pipeline," said Paul Peter Tak, M.D., Ph.D., FMedSci, President and CEO of Candel. "We continue to work toward a planned BLA submission in Q4 2026. We presented additional supportive data from our positive phase 3 trial of CAN-2409 in newly diagnosed, localized prostate cancer during an oral presentation at the Association of Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) Annual Meeting, demonstrating that CAN-2409 improved prostate cancer-specific DFS, independent of the type of external beam radiation therapy used, extending the results presented during an oral presentation at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) Annual Meeting. We also presented data during an invited lecture at the Annual Meeting of the Prostate Cancer Foundation. We continue to follow the patients enrolled in the phase 3 study for prostate cancer-specific outcomes and expect the first results after extended follow-up in Q2 2026. In addition, in collaboration with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, we designed a supportive, mechanistic clinical trial of CAN-2409 in localized prostate cancer. We plan to release immunologic biomarker data from this study in Q3 2026. Furthermore, we reported encouraging survival data from our phase 1b clinical trial of CAN-3110 in patients with rHGG, most of whom had recurrent glioblastoma, supported by sophisticated brain biopsy analyses. Mature overall survival data for Arm C are expected in Q4 2026. Together, the data supports the design of a randomized controlled phase 2 clinical trial of CAN-3110 in recurrent glioblastoma. Finally, we strengthened our Research Advisory Board with the appointments of Dr. Carl H. June and Dr. Bali Pulendran, underscoring our continuous commitment to scientific excellence and to advancing immunotherapies that may meaningfully improve the lives of patients with devastating cancers."
Dr. Tak continued, "On the financial front, we were pleased to secure strategic, non-dilutive funding through a five-year, $130 million term loan facility with Trinity Capital, Inc., which strengthens our balance sheet and positions us to advance our key priorities, including the initiation of a pivotal phase 3 clinical trial of CAN-2409 in NSCLC and the potential commercial launch of CAN-2409 in localized prostate cancer. We expect updated data on long-term survivors from our phase 2 study in NSCLC in Q1 2026 and anticipate initiation of the phase 3 study in Q2 2026. We look forward to sharing more details on our progress and strategic vision at our virtual Research and Development event in Q4 2025."
Third Quarter 2025 & Recent Highlights
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CAN-2409 (aglatimagene besadenovec) – Prostate Cancer
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In an oral presentation at the 2025 ASTRO Annual Meeting, the Company presented subgroup analyses focused on the radiation regimen used during its positive phase 3 clinical trial of CAN-2409 in patients with intermediate-to-high-risk localized prostate cancer. Data were presented by Glen Gejerman, M.D., M.B.A., Co-Director of Urologic Oncology at Hackensack Meridian Health and one of the principal investigators of the study.
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CAN-2409 demonstrated statistically significant improvement in prostate cancer-specific DFS (Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.62; p=0.0046). Effects were observed with both moderate hypo-fractionated external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) (HR 0.52, CI 0.30 – 0.93, p=0.0236) and conventional EBRT (HR 0.76, CI 0.53 – 1.07, p=0.1131).
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CAN-2409 administration was safe across radiation therapy modalities, with both conventional radiation therapy (~78 Gy in 2 Gy fractions, ~72% of patients) and moderate hypofractionated radiation therapy (60 Gy in 3 Gy fractions, ~25% of patients), showing similar tolerability profiles. Grade ≥ 3 treatment related adverse events were similar in the CAN-2409 plus valacyclovir and placebo arms with both hypofractionated (1.6% vs. 1.9%) and standard EBRT (1.8% vs. 1.1%), respectively.
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The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) previously granted Fast Track Designation and Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapy Designation to CAN-2409 for the treatment of prostate cancer; the phase 3 clinical trial of CAN-2409 in localized prostate cancer was conducted under a Special Protocol Assessment agreed to with the FDA.
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The Company is advancing its pre-BLA readiness, including through its Chemistry, Manufacturing, and Controls (CMC) activities, and preparation of clinical study reports and BLA modules.
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CAN-2409 – Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
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Following a positive end-of-phase 2 meeting with the FDA in July 2025, the Company is preparing to initiate a pivotal phase 3 clinical trial of CAN-2409 in NSCLC in Q2 2026.
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The FDA previously granted Fast Track Designation to CAN-2409 for the treatment of NSCLC.
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CAN-2409 – Pancreatic Cancer
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The Company previously generated encouraging data based on a randomized controlled phase 2a clinical trial of CAN-2409 in borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (PDAC). The FDA previously granted Fast Track Designation and Orphan Drug Designation to CAN-2409 for the treatment of PDAC and the European Medicines Agency granted Orphan Designation for CAN-2409 for the treatment of pancreatic cancer in July 2025.
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With Candel’s top priorities focused on prostate cancer and NSCLC, the Company will pause the PDAC program, unless it is funded through external, non-dilutive funding.
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CAN-3110 (linoserpaturev) – Recurrent High-Grade Glioma (rHGG)
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In October 2025, the Company reported encouraging updated survival data for all patients enrolled in its phase 1b clinical trial of CAN-3110 in rHGG:
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Updated median overall survival (mOS) was 11.8 months (CI: 8.3–14.9) for arm A (n = 41) and 12.0 months (CI: 10.0–NA) for arm B (n = 9) after a single injection of CAN-3110, consistent with previously reported data for arms A and B. At the time of data cutoff (August 15, 2025), one patient from arm A and one patient from arm B were still alive after prolonged follow-up (59.2 and 42.4 months, respectively, after CAN-3110 administration). The FDA previously granted Fast Track Designation and Orphan Drug Designation to CAN-3110 in recurrent high-grade glioma based on an earlier data cut.
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At data cutoff as of August 15, 2025, 9 patients in arm C had received multiple administrations of CAN-3110. At the 1×10⁸ PFU dose, 3 patients received 4 injections, 1 patient received 5 injections, and 2 patients received 6 injections. At the 1×10⁷ PFU dose, 1 patient received 4 injections, and 2 patients received 5 injections. Median follow-up was 8.9 months. Four out of 9 patients were alive at time of data cutoff (range 3.1-28.2 months after initiation of CAN-3110 treatment). Five patients had died, of which 3 died more than one year after initiation of CAN-3110 treatment (range 5.5-21.8 months).
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Candel also announced the scientific publication, "Serial Multiomics Uncovers Anti-Glioblastoma Responses Not Evident by Routine Clinical Analyses," in the journal Science Translational Medicine. Led by E. Antonio Chiocca, M.D., Ph.D., Executive Director of the Center for Tumors of the Nervous System at the Mass General Brigham Cancer Institute, as part of the multi-institutional Break Through Cancer Accelerating GBM Therapies Through Serial Biopsies TeamLab, the publication presents findings from the comprehensive analysis of 97 serial tumor biopsies collected from two patients treated with repeated administrations of CAN-3110 in arm C of the ongoing phase 1b clinical trial (NCT03152318).
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Together, the encouraging data supports the Company’s plans to design a randomized controlled phase 2 clinical trial of CAN-3110 in recurrent glioblastoma.
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Recent Corporate Events
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The Company presented insights into the third preclinical candidate from its enLIGHTEN Discovery Platform in a mouse model of breast cancer, as well as additional data from the CAN-2409 program in NSCLC, through two accepted poster presentations, along with an invited faculty presentation and panel discussion by Paul Peter Tak, M.D., Ph.D., FMedSci, Candel’s President and CEO, showcasing the phase 3 clinical trial of CAN-2409 in newly diagnosed, localized prostate cancer at the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) (Free SITC Whitepaper)’s (SITC) (Free SITC Whitepaper) 40th Anniversary Annual Meeting.
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In October 2025, Candel entered into a $130 million term loan facility with Trinity Capital Inc. (Nasdaq: TRIN). The loan facility consists of four tranches, with the first tranche of $50 million drawn upon closing of the agreement. The second and third tranches totaling $50 million in the aggregate are available to be drawn subject to the achievement of certain regulatory, clinical and operational milestones, subject to certain conditions precedent described in the agreement, and the fourth tranche of $30 million is available at the lender’s discretion. The loan facility has a five-year term with an interest-only period of 36 months, which is extendable for an additional 12 months upon the achievement of a certain commercial milestone. The loan facility contains customary representations, warranties, covenants, and events of default.
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In September 2025, the Company appointed Carl H. June, M.D., to its Research Advisory Board (RAB). Dr. June is an internationally recognized expert in cancer immunotherapy, and a pioneer in developing the first FDA-approved CAR-T cell therapy.
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In October 2025, the Company appointed Bali Pulendran, Ph.D., to its RAB. Dr. Pulendran is an internationally recognized expert in systems immunology and vaccinology, who has pioneered the use of systems’ approaches to understand human immune responses.
Anticipated Milestones
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Candel will host a Virtual R&D Day on Friday, December 5, 2025.
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Updated mOS data and "long tail" of survival analysis from the phase 2a open-label clinical trial of CAN-2409 in patients with stage III/IV NSCLC who had progressed, despite ICI treatment (NCT04495153) is expected in Q1 2026.
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Updated data on prostate cancer-specific DFS, time to salvage anti-cancer therapy, and time to metastasis from the positive phase 3 clinical trial of CAN-2409 in patients with intermediate-to-high-risk localized prostate cancer after extended follow-up is expected in Q2 2026.
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The Company plans to initiate a pivotal phase 3 clinical trial of CAN-2409 in NSCLC in Q2 2026.
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Data on local and systemic biomarkers of immune activation from a mechanistic, supportive clinical trial of CAN-2409 in patients with localized prostate cancer, is expected in Q3 2026.
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The Company expects to present mature mOS data and an update on long-term survivors from arm C of its phase 1b clinical trial of CAN-3110 in patients with recurrent glioblastoma in Q4 2026.
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Submission of BLA for CAN-2409 in prostate cancer is expected in Q4 2026.
Financial Results for the Third Quarter Ended September 30, 2025
Research and Development Expenses: Research and development expenses were $8.5 million for the third quarter of 2025 compared to $5.4 million for the third quarter of 2024. The increase was primarily due to an increase in manufacturing and regulatory costs, in support of the Company’s CAN-2409 programs, and an increase in employee-related expenses, as well as an increase in depreciation and loss on the disposal and sale of fixed assets. Research and development expenses included a non-cash stock compensation expense of $0.5 million for the third quarter of 2025 compared to a non-cash stock compensation expense of $0.6 million for the third quarter of 2024.
General and Administrative Expenses: General and administrative expenses were $4.7 million for the third quarter of 2025, compared to $3.3 million for the third quarter of 2024. The increase was primarily due to an increase in commercial readiness costs as well as an increase in employee-related expenses. General and administrative expenses included non-cash stock compensation expense of $0.6 million for the third quarter of 2025 compared to $0.5 million for the third quarter of 2024.
Net Loss: Net loss for the third quarter of 2025 was $11.3 million compared to a net loss of $10.6 million for the third quarter of 2024 and included net other income of $1.9 million and net other expense of $1.9 million, respectively. The change from net other expense in 2024 to net other income in 2025 was primarily related to the change in the fair value of the Company’s warrant liability and an increase in interest income.
Cash Position: Cash and cash equivalents, as of September 30, 2025, were $87.0 million compared to $102.7 million as of December 31, 2024. Based on current operating plans, including the initiation of a potentially registrational phase 3 trial in NSCLC, the Company expects that its existing cash and cash equivalents, as of September 30, 2025, together with proceeds from the upfront tranche of the Trinity debt facility, will be sufficient to fund operations into Q1 2027.
About CAN-2409
CAN-2409 (aglatimagene besadenovec), Candel’s most advanced multimodal biological immunotherapy candidate, is an investigational, off-the-shelf, replication-defective adenovirus designed to deliver the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene to a patient’s tumor. After intratumoral administration, HSV-tk enzyme activity results in conversion of prodrug (valacyclovir) into deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-incorporating nucleotide analogs, leading to immunogenic cell death in cells exhibiting DNA damage and proliferating cells, with subsequent release of a variety of tumor (neo)antigens in the tumor microenvironment. At the same time, the adenoviral serotype 5 capsid protein promotes inflammation through the induction of expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. Together, this regimen is designed to induce an individualized and specific CD8+ T cell-mediated response against the injected tumor and uninjected distant metastases for broad anti-tumor activity, based on in situ immunization against a variety of tumor antigens. CAN-2409 has the potential to treat a broad range of solid tumors. Encouraging monotherapy activity as well as combination activity with standard of care radiotherapy, surgery, chemotherapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitors have previously been shown in several preclinical and clinical settings. More than 1,000 patients have been dosed with CAN-2409 in clinical trials with a favorable tolerability profile to date, supporting the potential for combination with standard of care, when indicated.
About CAN-3110
CAN-3110 (linoserpaturev) is a first-in-class, replication-competent herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) next-generation oncolytic viral immunotherapy candidate designed for dual activity for oncolysis and immune activation in a single therapeutic. In October 2023, the Company announced that Nature published results from the ongoing clinical trial where CAN-3110 was reported to be generally well tolerated with no dose-limiting toxicity. In the clinical trial, the investigators observed improved mOS compared to historical controls after a single CAN-3110 injection in this therapy-resistant condition.1 The Company and academic collaborators are currently supported by the Break Through Cancer foundation.
About the enLIGHTEN Discovery Platform
The enLIGHTEN Discovery Platform is a systematic, iterative HSV-based discovery platform leveraging human biology and advanced analytics to create new multimodal biological immunotherapies for solid tumors. The enLIGHTEN Discovery Platform has been designed to deconvolute the characteristics of the tumor microenvironment related to clinical outcomes. These characteristics are rapidly translated into optimized multi-gene payloads of tumor modulators that can be delivered to the tumor microenvironment for specific indications, disease stages, and rationally designed therapeutic combinations.
(Press release, Candel Therapeutics, NOV 13, 2025, View Source [SID1234659893])