On November 6, 2025 Moderna, Inc. (NASDAQ:MRNA) reported financial results and provided business updates for the third quarter of 2025.
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"We delivered strong commercial and financial performance in the third quarter, supported by COVID vaccine sales following the successful launch of mNEXSPIKE and a significant improvement in expected 2025 operating expenses from our ongoing cost-reduction initiatives," said Stéphane Bancel, Chief Executive Officer of Moderna. "We remain highly focused on operational excellence and financial discipline to advance our pipeline and expand the reach of our commercial portfolio. We look forward to sharing further updates on our business and pipeline at our annual Analyst Day on November 20."
Recent progress includes:
Commercial Updates
COVID-19: The Company reported $971 million in COVID vaccine sales in the third quarter of 2025, which includes $781 million of U.S. sales and $190 million of international sales. The Company has received approval in 40 countries of its 2025-2026 formula for Spikevax. Moderna has also received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of its 2025-2026 formula for mNEXSPIKE, the Company’s new COVID vaccine in all adults aged 65 and older, as well as individuals aged 12-64 years with at least one underlying risk factor. mNEXSPIKE is also approved in Canada and the Company has filed and is targeting 2026 approvals in Australia, the EU, Japan and Taiwan.
RSV: The Company reported $2 million in mRESVIA sales in the third quarter of 2025. mRESVIA, the Company’s vaccine for the prevention of lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD) caused by RSV, is approved for all adults aged 60 years and older in 40 countries. It is also approved in 31 of those countries for individuals 18-59 years of age who are at increased risk for disease.
Third Quarter 2025 Financial Results
Revenue: Total revenue for the third quarter of 2025 was $1.0 billion, a 45% decrease from $1.9 billion in the same period in 2024. The decline was primarily driven by a $847 million, or 47%, decrease in net product sales, mainly due to lower COVID vaccine sales. In the U.S., the decrease reflected reduced vaccination rates year over year. The third quarter of 2024 also included an approximately $140 million positive adjustment related to prior-period sales provision estimates, which did not recur in 2025. During the quarter, the Company initiated commercial sales in the U.S. of mNEXSPIKE, as part of the 2025-2026 respiratory virus season.Outside the U.S., revenue decreased primarily due to the completion of certain government contracts and the timing of deliveries.
Cost of Sales: Cost of sales for the third quarter of 2025 was $207 million, which included third-party royalties of $43 million and inventory write-downs of $67 million. Cost of sales decreased 60% compared to the same period in 2024, primarily reflecting lower inventory write-downs and reduced unutilized manufacturing capacity, as well as lower sales volume. As a percentage of net product sales, cost of sales was 21% compared to 28% in the third quarter of 2024. The improvement was mainly driven by productivity gains and efficiencies across manufacturing operations despite lower volumes.
Research and Development Expenses: Research and development expenses for the third quarter of 2025 were $801 million, a 30% decrease compared to the same period in 2024. The reduction was primarily driven by continued investment prioritization and efficiency gains in the execution of clinical trials. Last year’s results also included an expense related to the purchase of a priority review voucher.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses: Selling, general and administrative expenses for the third quarter of 2025 were $268 million, a 5% decrease compared to the same period in 2024. The decline was primarily driven by reductions in consulting and external services across multiple functions, as well as lower digital and facility-related costs, reflecting the Company’s continued cost discipline and ongoing efforts to streamline operations.
Income Taxes: Income tax provisions for both periods were not material, as the Company continues to maintain a global valuation allowance against most of its deferred tax assets.
Net Income (Loss): Net loss was $(200) million for the third quarter of 2025, compared to net income of $13 million for the third quarter of 2024.
Earnings (Loss) Per Share: Loss per share was $(0.51) for the third quarter of 2025, compared to earnings per share of $0.03 for the third quarter of 2024.
Cash Position: Cash, cash equivalents and investments as of September 30, 2025, were $6.6 billion, compared to $7.5 billion as of June 30, 2025. The decrease during the quarter was primarily driven by seasonal impacts on working capital.
2025 Financial Framework
Revenue: The Company narrowed its 2025 projected revenue range from $1.5 to $2.2 billion to $1.6 to $2.0 billion, reflecting third quarter results and expectations for the remainder of the year.
Cost of Sales: Cost of sales for 2025 is expected to be approximately $0.8 to $0.9 billion, lowered from $1.2 billion.
Research and Development Expenses: Research and development expenses for 2025 are anticipated to be $3.3 to $3.4 billion, lowered from previous expectations of $3.6 to $3.8 billion.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses: Selling, general and administrative expenses for 2025 are projected to be approximately $1.1 billion.
Income Taxes: The Company continues to expect its full-year tax expense to be negligible.
Capital Expenditures: Capital expenditures for 2025 are expected to be approximately $0.3 billion.
Cash and Investments: Year-end cash and investments for 2025 are projected to be $6.5 to $7 billion, increased from previous expectations of approximately $6 billion.
Recent Progress and Upcoming Late-Stage Pipeline Milestones
Respiratory vaccines:
Seasonal flu vaccine: In October 2025, Moderna presented Phase 3 efficacy and safety data for its seasonal flu vaccine (mRNA-1010) at IDWeek 2025, and Phase 3 relative vaccine efficacy in a high-risk subset of patients at The European Scientific Working Group on Influenza (ESWI) Conference 2025. The Company expects to complete submissions for approval of mRNA-1010 in the U.S., Canada, Australia and Europe by January 2026.
Seasonal flu + COVID vaccine: The Company presented Phase 3 immunogenicity subanalyses for its flu/COVID combination vaccine (mRNA-1083) for adults aged 50 years and older at ESWI 2025. The Company expects to refile with Health Canada in 2025 and is awaiting further guidance from U.S. FDA on refiling. Currently, the Company’s mRNA-1083 filing is under review with the European Medicines Agency (EMA).
Latent and other vaccines:
Norovirus vaccine: Moderna’s ongoing Phase 3 safety and efficacy study of its trivalent vaccine against norovirus (mRNA-1403) has not accrued sufficient cases and will now enroll a second Northern Hemisphere season (2025-2026) for additional case accruals. The timing of the Phase 3 readout will continue to be dependent on case accruals.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) vaccine: After announcing that the Phase 3 study of mRNA-1647 did not meet its primary efficacy endpoint, Moderna is discontinuing development of its congenital CMV program. The Company will continue to evaluate mRNA-1647 in an ongoing Phase 2 trial of bone marrow transplant patients.
Oncology therapeutics:
Intismeran autogene: Moderna continues to make progress on advancing mRNA-4157 in the clinic.In collaboration with Merck, the Phase 3 clinical trial for adjuvant melanoma is fully enrolled. Two non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) Phase 3 studies for those with and without prior neoadjuvant treatment are enrolling. Separate randomized Phase 2 studies for high-risk muscle invasive and high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer are enrolling, a Phase 2 study of first-line treatment for patients with metastatic melanoma is also enrolling, and a randomized Phase 2 study for adjuvant renal cell carcinoma is fully enrolled. Further, Moderna and Merck have launched a new Phase 2 study of first-line treatment for patients with metastatic squamous NSCLC.
mRNA-4359: The Phase 1/2 study of mRNA-4359, Moderna’s investigational mRNA-based therapy designed to elicit T-cell immune responses against tumor and immunosuppressive cells, is ongoing. Phase 1b data for mRNA-4359 was recently presented at the 2025 European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) (Free ESMO Whitepaper) Congress. The Phase 2 portion of the study, which includes cohorts in first-line metastatic melanoma and first-line metastatic NSCLC, is enrolling patients.
Rare disease therapeutics:
Propionic acidemia (PA) therapeutic: The Company recently presented final results from the Part 1 dose-escalation cohorts of its ongoing Phase 1/2 study and cumulative data from ongoing participants in the extension study of its investigational therapeutic for PA (mRNA-3927) at the International Congress of Inborn Errors of Metabolism (ICIEM) 2025. In the study, which is designed to evaluate safety and pharmacology in trial participants with PA, mRNA-3927 has been generally well-tolerated to date with no events meeting protocol-defined dose-limiting toxicity criteria. Previously presented results suggest potential decreases in annualized metabolic decompensation event (MDE) frequency compared to pre-treatment, and the majority of patients have elected to continue on the open label extension study. The Company’s PA candidate is in a registrational study and target enrollment has been reached.
Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) therapeutic: Moderna recently shared interim data from the Phase 1/2 study of its investigational therapeutic for MMA (mRNA-3705) at ICIEM 2025. mRNA-3705 has been selected by the FDA for the Support for Clinical Trials Advancing Rare Disease Therapeutics (START) pilot program, and the FDA and Moderna have agreed on the pivotal study design. The Company expects to start a registrational study in 2026.
Moderna Corporate Updates
The Company opened its state-of-the-art manufacturing and R&D facility in the UK, which is now licensed by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA)
Moderna announced the first made-in-Canada mRNA vaccines were delivered to Canadian provinces and territories
The Company’s manufacturing facility in Australia was recently granted its Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) license from the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA)
Company Accolades
Moderna was recognized on BioSpace’s Best Places to Work in Biopharma ranking of large employers (fifth consecutive year)
Moderna was ranked as a top employer in the global biopharmaceutical industry by Science on the Science Careers’ 2025 Top Employers Survey (eleventh consecutive year)
Key 2025 Investor and Analyst Event Dates
Analyst Day: November 20
Investor Call and Webcast Information
Moderna will host a live conference call and webcast at 8:00 a.m. ET on November 6, 2025. To access the live conference call via telephone, please register at the link below. Once registered, dial-in numbers and a unique pin number will be provided. A live webcast of the call will also be available under "Events and Presentations" in the Investors section of the Moderna website.
Telephone: View Source
Webcast: View Source
The archived webcast will be available on Moderna’s website approximately two hours after the conference call and will be available for one year following the call.
(Press release, Moderna Therapeutics, NOV 6, 2025, https://feeds.issuerdirect.com/news-release.html?newsid=4949430645007740&symbol=MRNA [SID1234659611])