On December 15, 2025 Oncotelic Therapeutics, Inc. (OTCQB: OTLC) in collaboration with the Brush and Key Foundation, reported the publication of a peer-reviewed research article in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences titled "Comparative Tumor Microenvironment Analysis for HCC and PDAC Using KMplotter." Chang, W.-H.; Shah, D.; Myers, S.; Potts, M.; Qazi, S.; Trieu, V. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2025, 26, 11920.
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The study presents a comprehensive, data-driven analysis of two emerging biomarkers-DNMT3A (DNA methyltransferase 3A) and GMPS (guanine monophosphate synthetase)-across hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). By integrating survival outcomes, transcriptomic profiling, and tumor microenvironment (TME) analyses from more than 7,000 patients, the authors demonstrate that the prognostic significance of these biomarkers is highly context-dependent, shaped by immune composition, metabolic reprogramming, and innate immune sensing pathways.
Training the Next Generation of Scientists
The publication also reflects the educational mission of the Brush and Key Foundation, which supports young scholars through mentored research experiences that bridge scientific inquiry, critical thinking, and professional development.
The paper’s author- Drashya Shah, an intern supported by the Brush and Key Foundation, shared the following reflection: "My experience working with the Brush and Key Foundation for Young Artists has been truly valuable and enriching. Throughout the research and writing process, I received consistent guidance and insightful feedback at every stage, which helped me refine my ideas and present my findings with clarity and precision. This collaborative environment not only strengthened the quality of my paper but also significantly boosted my confidence as a researcher. The skills and knowledge I gained through this journey are lifelong, and I will undoubtedly carry them forward into my future education and professional work. I am deeply grateful to everyone involved for their unwavering support and encouragement."
"This work exemplifies how advanced bioinformatics, translational oncology, and structured mentorship can intersect to generate meaningful scientific insight," said Dr. Vuong Trieu, co-author and contributor to the study. "Equally important, it demonstrates how hands-on research training helps prepare the next generation of scientists."
Dr. Wen-Han Chang, corresponding author, added, "The work highlights why biomarkers cannot be interpreted in isolation. Tumor context-immune composition, metabolic state, and innate sensing-fundamentally alters prognostic meaning and therapeutic opportunity."
(Press release, Oncotelic, DEC 15, 2025, View Source [SID1234661444])