On August 7, 2025 Alector, Inc. (Nasdaq: ALEC), a late-stage clinical biotechnology company focused on developing therapies to counteract the devastating progression of neurodegeneration, reported second quarter 2025 financial results and recent portfolio and business updates (Press release, Alector, AUG 7, 2025, View Source [SID1234654960]). As of June 30, 2025, Alector’s cash, cash equivalents, and investments totaled $307.3 million.

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"The topline results from the pivotal INFRONT-3 Phase 3 trial of latozinemab, expected by mid-fourth quarter, represent a key inflection point for Alector and for the FTD community," said Arnon Rosenthal, Ph.D., Chief Executive Officer of Alector. "FTD is a devastating form of dementia that affects people in the prime of life, has no approved treatments, and is often fatal within a decade of diagnosis. Heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in the GRN gene reduce progranulin levels by about 50%, impairing neuronal function and driving neurodegeneration. Latozinemab, our investigational therapy for FTD-GRN being developed in collaboration with GSK, is designed to restore progranulin levels in the brain. Supported by data from an open-label Phase 2 study, the FDA granted Breakthrough Therapy designation to latozinemab. The INFRONT-3 results will inform our next steps toward potential registration and may bring us one step closer to delivering a treatment for this relentless disease."

Dr. Rosenthal continued, "In parallel, we are advancing AL101 in early Alzheimer’s disease, with a placebo-controlled, double-blind, 76-week Phase 2 trial that is expected to complete in 2026. At the same time, we continue to build our preclinical and research pipeline, including brain-penetrant candidates enabled by our proprietary Alector Brain Carrier platform. Progressing late-stage clinical programs while investing in innovative early assets positions Alector to create near- and long-term value for both patients and shareholders. With a cash runway into the second half of 2027, we are well resourced to advance our scientific and strategic goals."

Sara Kenkare-Mitra, Ph.D., President and Head of Research and Development at Alector, added, "Over the past quarter, we’ve made steady progress across our wholly owned preclinical and research pipeline, including programs powered by our proprietary Alector Brain Carrier platform. This technology is designed to deliver therapeutic cargos, including antibodies, proteins, enzymes, and siRNA, across the blood-brain barrier, a critical challenge in treating neurodegeneration. Using this approach, we’re progressing brain-penetrant candidates, including our anti-amyloid beta antibody and anti-tau siRNA for Alzheimer’s disease, as well as our engineered GCase enzyme replacement therapy for Parkinson’s disease. This work underscores our commitment to developing first- and best-in-class therapies for patients with serious neurodegenerative diseases."

Recent Clinical Updates

Progranulin Programs (latozinemab (AL001) and AL101/GSK4527226) Being Developed in Collaboration with GSK

Latozinemab

Alector and GSK remain on track to report topline data by the middle of the fourth quarter of 2025 from the pivotal, 96-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled INFRONT-3 Phase 3 trial evaluating latozinemab in frontotemporal dementia due to a GRN gene mutation (FTD-GRN). Pending the trial’s outcome, the companies are preparing for potential Biologics License Application (BLA) and Marketing Authorization Application (MAA) submissions in 2026.

The statistical analysis plan (SAP) for INFRONT-3 has been amended after engagement with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The SAP will include plasma progranulin (PGRN) as a co-primary endpoint along with the Clinical Dementia Rating plus National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Sum of Boxes (CDR plus NACC FTLD-SB).

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a rare neurodegenerative disease and the most common form of dementia for people under the age of 60.1 It affects an estimated 50,000 to 60,000 individuals in the United States and roughly 110,000 in the European Union.2,3 There are several heritable forms of FTD, including FTD-GRN, which is caused by mutations in the GRN gene and represents about 5% to 10% of all cases.⁴ People with FTD often begin experiencing symptoms such as behavioral changes, lapses in judgment, and diminished language skills in their 40s and 50s.1 The disease typically progresses over 7 to 10 years and is ultimately fatal.5 Currently, there are no approved treatment options for any form of FTD.1

Heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in the GRN gene lead to haploinsufficiency, reducing PGRN levels in the central nervous system by 50%. These mutations are a known genetic cause of FTD.6 PGRN is a secreted glycoprotein that regulates lysosomal function, neuronal survival, and inflammation in the brain.6

Latozinemab is a novel, investigational human monoclonal antibody (mAb) designed to block and internalize the sortilin receptor to elevate PGRN levels in the brain. It is believed to be the most advanced therapeutic candidate in development for the treatment of FTD-GRN.

Latozinemab has been granted Breakthrough Therapy and Fast Track designations by the FDA for the treatment of FTD-GRN, as well as Orphan Drug designation by both the FDA and the European Medicines Agency for the treatment of FTD.

AL101/GSK4527226

The global, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled PROGRESS-AD Phase 2 clinical trial of AL101/GSK4527226 in early Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is ongoing, with enrollment completed in April 2025 and trial completion expected in 2026.

AL101 is an investigational human mAb designed to block and internalize the sortilin receptor to elevate PGRN levels in the brain. It is similar to latozinemab but has distinct pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties that may make it suitable for the potential treatment of more prevalent neurodegenerative diseases.

In July 2025, Alector published a manuscript titled "Development of AL101 (GSK4527226), a progranulin-elevating monoclonal antibody, as a potential treatment for Alzheimer’s disease" in Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy. The publication outlines preclinical and Phase 1 study results, demonstrating that AL101 bound to sortilin and decreased cell surface sortilin levels, leading to consistent elevations of PGRN across in vitro, preclinical, and Phase 1 studies. These results support continued development of AL101 and its investigation as a potential treatment for AD and other neurodegenerative conditions where PGRN could play a role.

Preclinical and Research Pipeline

Alector continues to advance its preclinical and early research pipeline, selectively supported by Alector Brain Carrier (ABC), the company’s proprietary blood-brain barrier technology platform.

The company is progressing ADP037-ABC, its brain-penetrant anti-amyloid beta antibody in AD; ADP050-ABC, its brain-penetrant engineered GCase enzyme replacement therapy in Parkinson’s disease; and ADP064-ABC, its brain-penetrant anti-tau siRNA in AD, all of which are enabled by ABC. Alector is currently evaluating potential candidates and continues to target clinical entry for ADP037-ABC and ADP050-ABC in 2026, pending resource allocation, lead candidate selection, and the results of preclinical studies.

Corporate News

Neil Berkley, M.B.A., assumed the role of Interim Chief Financial Officer in June 2025 while continuing as Chief Business Officer. With a proven track record in corporate development and business strategy, Mr. Berkley brings insightful leadership to Alector as the company advances through key clinical and research milestones in his expanded role.

In the third quarter of 2025, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office issued a patent covering methods of treatment using latozinemab in individuals with FTD-GRN.

Second Quarter 2025 Financial Results

Revenue. Collaboration revenue for the quarter ended June 30, 2025, was $7.9 million, compared to $15.1 million for the same period in 2024. The $7.2 million decrease was mainly due to the satisfaction of the performance obligation associated with the AL002 program and the latozinemab FTD-C9orf72 Phase 2 trial in the fourth quarter of 2024.

R&D Expenses. Total research and development expenses for the quarter ended June 30, 2025, were $27.6 million, compared to $46.3 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2024. The decrease of $18.7 million was mainly due to a decrease in research and development expenses for the AL002 program and latozinemab program as well as a decrease in personnel related costs as a result of the reductions in force.

G&A Expenses. Total general and administrative expenses were $14.4 million for both the three months ended June 30, 2025, and the three months ended June 30, 2024.

Net Loss. For the quarter ended June 30, 2025, Alector reported a net loss of $30.5 million, or $0.30 per share, compared to a net loss of $38.7 million, or $0.40 net loss per share, for the same period in 2024.

Cash Position. Cash, cash equivalents, and investments were $307.3 million as of June 30, 2025. Management anticipates that this will be sufficient to fund Alector’s operations into the second half of 2027.

2025 Guidance. Management is updating its guidance for the year ending 2025. The company anticipates collaboration revenue to be between $13 million and $18 million, total research and development expenses to be between $130 million and $140 million, and total general and administrative expenses to be between $55 million and $65 million.