On May 31, 2026 Pfizer Inc. (NYSE: PFE) reported detailed progression-free and overall survival results from Cohort 3, a randomized cohort of the Phase 3 BREAKWATER trial, evaluating BRAFTOVI (encorafenib) in combination with cetuximab (marketed as ERBITUX) and FOLFIRI (fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan) versus FOLFIRI with or without bevacizumab in patients with previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) with a BRAF V600E mutation. These results will be presented today in a late-breaking oral presentation (Abstract LBA3503) at the 2026 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) Annual Meeting and simultaneously published in the Annals of Oncology.

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As previously reported, Cohort 3 met its primary endpoint of objective response rate (ORR) by blinded independent central review (BICR). Results for the key secondary endpoint of progression-free survival (PFS) by BICR, being presented at ASCO (Free ASCO Whitepaper), show median PFS was nearly doubled with the BRAFTOVI combination regimen (15.2 months) versus the comparator (8.3 months). A clinically meaningful and statistically significant 56% reduction in the risk of disease progression or death was observed for patients treated with the BRAFTOVI combination regimen versus the comparator (Hazard Ratio [HR] of 0.44; 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 0.27–0.70; p=0.0002).

Updated overall survival (OS), a descriptive secondary endpoint, showed a 44% reduction in the risk of death for patients treated with the BRAFTOVI combination regimen versus the comparator (HR of 0.56; 95% CI, 0.34–0.94) with a median follow-up of approximately 20 months for both arms. At 18 months, 72% of patients receiving the BRAFTOVI combination regimen were expected to be alive compared to 54.5% of patients receiving the comparator. Median OS was not reached for the BRAFTOVI combination regimen versus a median of 20.3 months for the comparator.

"For people with BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer – a disease that historically has had no targeted treatment options and poor outcomes – these results strengthen confidence in how we can treat this disease," said Scott Kopetz, M.D., Ph.D., FACP, Professor and Deputy Chair of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and co-principal investigator of the BREAKWATER trial. "A nearly 60% reduction in risk of disease progression or death, combined with prolonged overall survival, reinforces the role of encorafenib in combination with cetuximab and FOLFIRI as a standard of care in the first-line setting for this patient population."

"These compelling results add to a robust body of evidence demonstrating the efficacy of the BRAFTOVI combination treatment across two different established chemotherapy regimens in BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer," said Jeff Legos, Chief Oncology Officer, Pfizer. "These findings reaffirm the established role of the BRAFTOVI combination regimen as a cornerstone of first-line treatment for patients and families facing this challenging diagnosis."

In this Cohort 3 analysis, the safety profile of BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and FOLFIRI continued to be consistent with the known safety profile of each respective agent in the regimen, and no new safety signals were identified. The most common adverse events (AEs) (≥25%) in the BRAFTOVI regimen were nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, anemia, alopecia, fatigue, decreased neutrophil count, constipation, decreased appetite, neutropenia, arthralgia, asthenia, and abdominal pain. Grade ≥3 AEs (all causality) occurred in 70.4% of patients receiving BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and FOLFIRI compared to 80.9% of patients receiving FOLFIRI with or without bevacizumab. Treatment discontinuation occurred in 15.5% of patients receiving the BRAFTOVI combination compared to 10.3% for those receiving FOLFIRI.

Based on the totality of the Phase 3 and Cohort 3 data in the BREAKWATER study, BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and fluorouracil-based chemotherapy received full approval with an expanded indication from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for patients with BRAF V600E-mutant mCRC in February 2026, offering flexibility in chemotherapy regimen used.

Pfizer is continuing its commitment to help non-scientists understand the latest findings with the development of abstract plain language summaries (APLS) for company-sponsored research being presented, which are written in non-technical language. Those interested in learning more can visit www.Pfizer.com/apls to access the summaries.

About BREAKWATER
BREAKWATER is a Phase 3, randomized, active-controlled, open-label, multicenter trial of BRAFTOVI with cetuximab, alone or in combination with chemotherapy (mFOLFOX6 or FOLFIRI) in participants with previously untreated BRAF V600E-mutant mCRC. Patients were randomized to receive BRAFTOVI 300 mg orally once daily in combination with cetuximab (discontinued after randomization of 158 patients), BRAFTOVI 300 mg orally once daily in combination with cetuximab and mFOLFOX6 (n=236) or mFOLFOX6, FOLFOXIRI, or CAPOX, with or without bevacizumab (control arm) (n=243). The dual primary endpoints for these study groups are ORR and PFS as assessed by BICR. OS is a key secondary endpoint. In Cohort 3, patients were randomized to receive BRAFTOVI 300 mg orally once daily in combination with cetuximab and FOLFIRI (n=73) or FOLFIRI, with or without bevacizumab (control-arm) (n=74). The primary endpoint of Cohort 3 is ORR as assessed by BICR. PFS as assessed by BICR is a key secondary endpoint; OS is a secondary endpoint.

About Colorectal Cancer (CRC)
CRC is the third most common type of cancer in the world, with approximately 1.8 million new diagnoses in 2022.1 It is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths.2 Overall, the lifetime risk of developing CRC is about 1 in 24 for men and 1 in 26 for women.2 In the U.S. alone, an estimated 158,850 people will be diagnosed with cancer of the colon or rectum in 2026, and approximately 55,000 are estimated to die from the disease each year.3 For 20% of those diagnosed with CRC, the disease has metastasized, or spread, making it harder to treat, and up to 50% of patients with localized disease eventually develop metastases.4

BRAF mutations are estimated to occur in 8-12% of people with mCRC and are associated with a poor prognosis for these patients.5 The BRAF V600E mutation is the most common BRAF mutation, and the risk of mortality in CRC patients with the BRAF V600E mutation is more than double that of patients with no known mutation present.5-7 Despite the high unmet need in BRAF V600E-mutant mCRC, prior to the BRAFTOVI accelerated FDA approval in this indication on December 20, 2024, there were no approved biomarker-driven therapies specifically indicated for people with previously untreated BRAF V600E-mutant mCRC.8,9

About BRAFTOVI (encorafenib)
BRAFTOVI is an oral small molecule kinase inhibitor that targets BRAF V600E. Inappropriate activation of proteins in the MAPK signaling pathway (RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK) has been shown to occur in certain cancers, including CRC.

Pfizer has exclusive rights to BRAFTOVI in the U.S., Canada, Latin America, Middle East, and Africa. Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. has exclusive rights to commercialize the product in Japan and South Korea, Medison has exclusive rights to commercialize the product in Israel, and Pierre Fabre Laboratories has exclusive rights to commercialize the product in all other countries, including Europe and Asia (excluding Japan and South Korea).

INDICATION AND USAGE
BRAFTOVI (encorafenib) is indicated, in combination with cetuximab and fluorouracil-based chemotherapy, for the treatment of adult patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) with a BRAF V600E mutation, as detected by an FDA-authorized test.

Limitations of Use: BRAFTOVI is not indicated for treatment of patients with wild-type BRAF CRC.

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION
Refer to the prescribing information for cetuximab and individual product components of mFOLFOX6 and FOLFIRI for recommended dosing and additional safety information.

WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

New Primary Malignancies: New primary malignancies, cutaneous and noncutaneous, can occur. In the BREAKWATER trial, the following cutaneous malignancies occurred in patients receiving BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and mFOLFOX6: melanocytic nevus in 5.6%, skin papilloma in 3%, basal cell carcinoma in 1.3%, squamous cell carcinoma of skin in 0.9%, keratoacanthoma in 0.4% and malignant melanoma in situ in 0.4%. In patients who received BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and FOLFIRI, skin papilloma occurred in 2.8% and keratoacanthoma in 1.4% of patients. Perform dermatologic evaluations prior to initiating treatment, every 2 months during treatment, and for up to 6 months following discontinuation of treatment. Manage suspicious skin lesions with excision and dermatopathologic evaluation. Dose modification is not recommended for new primary cutaneous malignancies. Based on its mechanism of action, BRAFTOVI may promote malignancies associated with activation of RAS through mutation or other mechanisms. Monitor patients receiving BRAFTOVI for signs and symptoms of noncutaneous malignancies. Discontinue BRAFTOVI for RAS mutation-positive noncutaneous malignancies. Monitor patients for new malignancies prior to initiation of treatment, while on treatment, and after discontinuation of treatment.

Tumor Promotion in BRAF Wild-Type Tumors: In vitro experiments have demonstrated paradoxical activation of MAP-kinase signaling and increased cell proliferation in BRAF wild-type cells exposed to BRAF inhibitors. Confirm evidence of BRAF V600E or V600K mutation using an FDA-authorized test prior to initiating BRAFTOVI.

Cardiomyopathy: Cardiomyopathy manifesting as left ventricular dysfunction associated with symptomatic or asymptomatic decreases in ejection fraction, has been reported in patients. Assess left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by echocardiogram or multigated acquisition (MUGA) scan prior to initiating treatment, 1 month after initiating treatment, and then every 2 to 3 months during treatment. The safety has not been established in patients with a baseline ejection fraction that is either below 50% or below the institutional lower limit of normal (LLN). Patients with cardiovascular risk factors should be monitored closely. Withhold, reduce dose, or permanently discontinue based on severity of adverse reaction.

Hepatotoxicity: Hepatotoxicity can occur. In the BREAKWATER trial, the incidence of Grade 3 or 4 increases in liver function laboratory tests in patients receiving BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and mFOLFOX6 was 2.6% for alkaline phosphatase, 1.3% each for ALT and AST. In patients receiving BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and FOLFIRI, the incidence of Grade 3 or 4 increases in liver function laboratory tests was 1.5% each for ALT and AST. Monitor liver laboratory tests before initiation of BRAFTOVI, monthly during treatment, and as clinically indicated. Withhold, reduce dose, or permanently discontinue based on severity of adverse reaction.

Hemorrhage: Hemorrhage can occur. In the BREAKWATER trial, hemorrhage occurred in 34% of patients receiving BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and mFOLFOX6; Grade 3 or 4 hemorrhage occurred in 3% of patients. In patients receiving BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and FOLFIRI, hemorrhage occurred in 21% of patients. Withhold, reduce dose, or permanently discontinue based on severity of adverse reaction.

Uveitis: Uveitis, including iritis and iridocyclitis, has been reported in patients treated with BRAFTOVI. In BREAKWATER, the incidence of uveitis among patients who received BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and mFOLFOX6 was 0.4%. Assess for visual symptoms at each visit. Perform an ophthalmological evaluation at regular intervals and for new or worsening visual disturbances, and to follow new or persistent ophthalmologic findings. Withhold, reduce dose, or permanently discontinue based on severity of adverse reaction.

QT Prolongation: BRAFTOVI is associated with dose-dependent QTc interval prolongation in some patients. In the BREAKWATER trial, an increase of QTcF >500 ms was measured in 4% (9/226) of patients receiving BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and mFOLFOX6. In patients receiving BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and FOLFIRI, an increase of QTcF >500 ms was measured in 1.5% (1/65) of patients. Monitor patients who already have or who are at significant risk of developing QTc prolongation, including patients with known long QT syndromes, clinically significant bradyarrhythmias, severe or uncontrolled heart failure and those taking other medicinal products associated with QT prolongation. Correct hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia prior to and during BRAFTOVI administration. Withhold, reduce dose, or permanently discontinue for QTc >500 ms.

Embryo-Fetal Toxicity: BRAFTOVI can cause fetal harm when administered to pregnant women. BRAFTOVI can render hormonal contraceptives ineffective. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective nonhormonal contraception during treatment with BRAFTOVI and for 2 weeks after the final dose.

Risks Associated with Combination Treatment: BRAFTOVI is indicated for use as part of a regimen in combination with cetuximab and mFOLFOX6 or FOLFIRI. Refer to the prescribing information for cetuximab and individual product components of mFOLFOX6 and FOLFIRI for additional risk information.

Lactation: Advise women not to breastfeed during treatment with BRAFTOVI and for 2 weeks after the final dose.

Infertility: Advise males of reproductive potential that BRAFTOVI may impair fertility.

ADVERSE REACTIONS

BRAF V600E mutation-positive mCRC, in combination with cetuximab and mFOLFOX6

Serious adverse reactions occurred in 46% of patients who received BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and mFOLFOX6. Serious adverse reactions in >3% of patients included intestinal obstruction (4.7%), pyrexia (3.9%), sepsis (3.4%), and abdominal pain (3.4%)
Fatal intestinal obstruction occurred in 0.9%, and fatal large intestinal perforation and gastrointestinal perforation occurred in 0.4% (each) in patients who received BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and mFOLFOX6
Most common adverse reactions (≥25%, all grades) in the BRAFTOVI with cetuximab and mFOLFOX6 arm compared to the control arm (mFOLFOX6 ± bevacizumab or FOLFOXIRI ± bevacizumab or CAPOX ± bevacizumab), and a subset of the control arm (mFOLFOX6 ± bevacizumab), respectively were: peripheral neuropathy (64% vs 53% and 57%), nausea (54% vs 50% and 44%), fatigue (53% vs 41% and 45%), diarrhea (42% vs 50% and 44%), decreased appetite (38% vs 27% and 30%), rash (36% vs 6% and 5%), vomiting (36% vs 22% and 17%), hemorrhage (34% vs 21% and 15%), abdominal pain (32% vs 31% and 30%), arthralgia (32% vs 6% and 7%), pyrexia (29% vs 16% and 17%), and constipation (27% vs 23% and 25%)
Most common laboratory abnormalities(≥10%, grade 3 or 4) in the BRAFTOVI with cetuximab and mFOLFOX6 arm compared to the control arm (mFOLFOX6 ± bevacizumab or FOLFOXIRI ± bevacizumab or CAPOX ± bevacizumab), and a subset of the control arm (mFOLFOX6 ± bevacizumab), respectively were: increased lipase (53% vs 28% and 23%), decreased neutrophil count (37% vs 35% and 33%), decreased hemoglobin (19% vs 6% and 7%), decreased white blood cell count (12% vs 8% and 6%), and increased glucose (11% vs 2% and 1%)
BRAF V600E mutation-positive mCRC, in combination with cetuximab and FOLFIRI

Serious adverse reactions occurred in 39% of patients who received BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and FOLFIRI. Serious adverse reactions in >3% of patients included febrile neutropenia (5.6%) and infusion related reaction (4.2%)
Fatal gastrointestinal perforation occurred in 1.4% of patients who received BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and FOLFIRI
Most common adverse reactions (>25%, all grades) in the BRAFTOVI with cetuximab and FOLFIRI arm compared to the control arm (FOLFIRI ± bevacizumab) were nausea (61% vs 57%), diarrhea (55% vs 49%), fatigue (47% vs 50%), vomiting (47% vs 31%), alopecia (35% vs 22%), constipation (31% vs 29%), abdominal pain (30% vs 22%), decreased appetite (30% vs 32%), and rash (27% vs 1.5%)
Most common laboratory abnormalities (≥10%, grade 3 or 4) in the BRAFTOVI with cetuximab and FOLFIRI arm compared to the control arm (FOLFIRI ± bevacizumab) were: decreased neutrophil count (30% vs 32%), increased lipase (22% vs 12%), decreased white blood cell count (20% vs 6%), and decreased hemoglobin (10% vs 3%)
DRUG INTERACTIONS
Strong or moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors: Avoid coadministration of BRAFTOVI with strong or moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors, including grapefruit juice. If coadministration is unavoidable, reduce the BRAFTOVI dose.

Strong CYP3A4 inducers: Avoid coadministration of BRAFTOVI with strong CYP3A4 inducers.

Sensitive CYP3A4 substrates: Avoid the coadministration of BRAFTOVI with CYP3A4 substrates (including hormonal contraceptives) for which a decrease in plasma concentration may lead to reduced efficacy of the substrate. If the coadministration cannot be avoided, see the CYP3A4 substrate product labeling for recommendations.

Dose reductions of drugs that are substrates of OATP1B1, OATP1B3, or BCRP may be required when used concomitantly with BRAFTOVI.

Avoid coadministration of BRAFTOVI with drugs known to prolong QT/QTc interval.

(Press release, Pfizer, MAY 31, 2026, View Source [SID1234666276])

On May 31, 2026 GRAIL, Inc. (Nasdaq: GRAL), a healthcare company whose mission is to detect cancer early when it can be cured, reported that positive performance and safety results from the analysis of the full 35,878 cohort of its registrational PATHFINDER 2 study are being presented during an oral session at the 2026 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) Annual Meeting.

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The PATHFINDER 2 study evaluated the safety and performance of the Galleri multi-cancer early detection (MCED) test when used alongside standard-of-care cancer screenings in the U.S. and Canada. The prospective PATHFINDER 2 study is the largest interventional study of an MCED in North America to date and includes 35,878 participants in a broad, intended-use population of adults aged 50 and older with no clinical suspicion of cancer.

"Cancer outcomes depend not only on better treatments, but on finding cancer before it advances and spreads. Earlier detection can open the door to more treatment options at any stage and increase the chance for cure," said Josh Ofman, MD, MSHS, President and CEO-Elect at GRAIL. "These PATHFINDER 2 results add to the growing body of clinical evidence in a large, representative intended-use population showing that the Galleri test can meaningfully increase cancer detection beyond recommended screening with strong performance and a highly favorable safety profile. Along with the NHS-Galleri trial results, these findings reinforce the clinical benefit of Galleri and its potential to transform early cancer detection at population scale."

Galleri Increases the Number of Cancers Detected and Can Detect Them Early

While effective screening improves early cancer detection, in the U.S., only 14% of all cancers are detected by guideline-recommended screening tests[2]. In PATHFINDER 2, 60% of diagnosed cancers were screen-detected (264/440). Adding Galleri to recommended screenings for breast, cervical, colorectal, and lung cancers (USPSTF A and B recommendations) led to a 6.5 fold increase in the number of cancers found by screening. Galleri detected nearly three times as many cancers when added to standard-of-care screening for breast, cervical, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancers (USPSTF A, B, and C recommendations).

More than half (53.0%) of the new cancers detected by Galleri were stage I or II, and 71.3% of these have no USPSTF A and B recommended screening. More than two-thirds (70.9%) of the new cancers detected by Galleri were detected at stages I-III, when treatment with curative intent is more often possible.

"PATHFINDER 2 provides important additional data on the performance and safety of MCED testing," said Karthik Giridhar, M.D., assistant professor of oncology at Mayo Clinic and a principal investigator on the PATHFINDER 2 study. "MCED tests are not a replacement for existing screening, but they have the potential to complement current approaches by helping detect cancer signals across multiple cancer types, including some for which routine screening is not currently available."

Robust Performance Metrics Consistent with Previous Studies

The Galleri test detected a cancer signal in 287 participants, and of those, cancer was diagnosed in 173 participants. The likelihood of receiving a cancer diagnosis following a positive test result (positive predictive value or PPV) was 60.3%, consistent with previously reported initial results of PATHFINDER 2 and higher than the first PATHFINDER study.

Since PATHFINDER 2 is a prospective clinical trial where the cancer status of participants is unknown at the outset, episode sensitivity – the ability to detect cancer that could be confirmed within 12 months after the blood draw – is evaluated in the study. Galleri demonstrated strong performance, with 69.8% episode sensitivity for the 12 cancers responsible for two-thirds of cancer deaths in the U.S. For all cancers, episode sensitivity was 39.3%.

Specificity was 99.6%, translating to a false positive rate of less than 0.4%.

"The up to 6.5 fold improvement in screen-detected cancers with Galleri in PATHFINDER 2 study, coupled with the greater than 20% reduction in Stage 4 cancers observed in the NHS-Galleri trial, is really exciting data that help support Galleri’s performance in a diverse and representative population," said Nima Nabavizadeh, MD, Associate Professor of Radiation Medicine at Oregon Health & Science University. "As an oncologist, I have seen too many patients diagnosed only after their cancer has spread, when treatment decisions become more difficult. By helping find more cancers earlier, when more treatment options may be available, there is great potential for multi-cancer early detection to transform cancer screening."

Galleri Pinpoints Cancer Signal Origin Allowing Efficient Diagnostic Workups

A key benefit of the Galleri test is its ability to predict where in the body the cancer signal is coming from. The PATHFINDER 2 study demonstrated that the test correctly identified the Cancer Signal Origin (CSO) 91.3% of the time, leading to efficient diagnostic workups. Diagnostic resolution took a median of 48 days, and only 0.6% of all safety-analyzable participants had an invasive procedure (213/35,335) following a positive MCED test result. A total of 90.5% of invasive procedures were nonsurgical.

Screening with the Galleri test had a favorable safety profile, with a low false-positive rate and a low rate of invasive procedures. There were five study-related adverse events reported during diagnostic evaluation, only in those with cancer diagnosis. Anxiety temporarily increased for participants with a positive MCED test and subsequent cancer diagnosis, and returned to baseline by 12 months, as has been observed for other screening tests. One serious adverse event related to the diagnostic work-up was identified after the data lock. Follow-up is ongoing; this and any other findings after data lock will be reported in full in the next interim analysis.

About PATHFINDER 2 (NCT05155605)
PATHFINDER 2 is a prospective, multi-center, interventional study evaluating the safety and performance of Galleri in approximately 35,000 individuals aged 50 years and older who are eligible for guideline-recommended cancer screening in the United States. The primary objectives of the study are 1) to evaluate the safety and performance of the Galleri MCED test based on the number and type of diagnostic evaluations performed in participants who receive a cancer signal detected test result, and 2) to evaluate the performance of the Galleri MCED test across various measures, including PPV, negative predictive value (NPV), episode sensitivity, specificity, and CSO prediction accuracy. Participants who receive a cancer signal detected result undergo additional diagnostic testing based on the predicted CSO to determine if a cancer is present. Secondary objectives include utilization of guideline-recommended cancer screening procedures after use of the MCED test, and participant reported outcomes over several time points, including an assessment of participants’ anxiety and satisfaction with the MCED test.

(Press release, Grail, MAY 31, 2026, View Source [SID1234666272])

On May 31, 2026 Johnson & Johnson (NYSE:JNJ) reported results from the final analysis of the Phase 3 PROTEUS study showing the investigational use of apalutamide plus hormone therapy (androgen deprivation therapy, ADT), given for six months before and after prostate cancer surgery, significantly improved key short- and long-term clinical outcomes for patients with high-risk localized or locally advanced disease. The trial met both primary endpoints. Patients treated with apalutamide plus hormone therapy were nine times more likely to have little to no cancer remaining at the time of surgery compared with hormone therapy alone (8.9 percent vs. 1.0 percent; pathologic complete response/minimal residual disease). The combination also reduced the risk of developing metastasis or death by 20 percent and extended the time before patients required subsequent therapy to more than six years. These findings will be presented in a plenary session at the 2026 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) Annual Meeting (Oral Abstract #LBA1) and published simultaneously in The New England Journal of Medicine.1,2

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The unmet need with standard treatments for patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer

Surgery to remove the prostate (radical prostatectomy) is one of the standard treatments for patients with high-risk localized or locally advanced disease, alongside radiation therapy.3,4 Yet nearly half of patients who undergo curative-intent surgery will see their cancer return, requiring additional treatment and moving beyond the point where cure is possible.5,6,7 Additional therapies are often used only after the cancer has spread, missing a critical window to intervene earlier and improve long-term outcomes.8

Apalutamide blocks androgen hormones from binding to their receptor, which can help slow prostate cancer progression. It is currently approved for use in advanced prostate cancer, including cases where the disease has spread (metastatic castration-sensitive) or is no longer responding to certain hormone therapies (non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer).9

Expert perspectives on the perioperative use of ERLEADA plus hormone therapy six months before and after prostate cancer surgery

"Reducing the risk of prostate cancer recurrence and death with improved initial treatment regimens has been a longstanding unmet need for patients with localized high-risk prostate cancer," said Mary-Ellen Taplin,* M.D., FASCO, medical oncologist at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, and principal investigator. "The PROTEUS trial demonstrates that adding preoperative apalutamide to androgen deprivation therapy and surgery reduced the risk of metastases or death by 20 percent. This result is most impactful as it may reduce the need for subsequent therapies and related side effects, while also increasing potential cure rates. This approach, which combines systemic therapy with surgery, is already standard in other aggressive cancers and now has proven benefit in patients with this disease."

"For decades, surgery has been the standard approach for many patients with high-risk localized or locally advanced prostate cancer, but these data suggest it may not be enough on its own," said Adam Kibel,† M.D., urologic surgeon and chair of the Department of Urology at Mass General Brigham. "Earlier integration of apalutamide has the potential to reshape how prostate cancer is treated by building on curative-intent surgical treatment and improving outcomes for these patients."

Detailed PROTEUS study results

PROTEUS is a Phase 3 study evaluating apalutamide, an androgen receptor pathway inhibitor, combined with hormone therapy before and after surgery in patients with newly diagnosed high-risk localized or locally advanced prostate cancer (n=2109). The dual primary endpoints were the amount of cancer remaining at surgery (pathologic complete response/minimal residual disease, pCR/MRD) and how long patients lived without the cancer spreading (metastasis-free survival, MFS), both assessed by blinded independent central review.1

At a median follow-up of 61.7 months, apalutamide plus hormone therapy met both primary endpoints. The rate of pCR/MRD was 8.9 percent with apalutamide plus hormone therapy versus 1.0 percent with hormone therapy alone (odds ratio [OR], 10.17; 95 percent confidence interval [CI], 5.27-19.64; p<0.0001). Apalutamide plus hormone therapy also demonstrated a statistically significant 20 percent reduction in the risk of metastasis or death (hazard ratio [HR], 0.80; 95 percent CI, 0.67-0.96; p=0.02), with five-year rates of 78.2 percent versus 73.5 percent, respectively. Similar metastasis-free survival results were observed in investigator assessments (HR, 0.74; 95 percent CI, 0.62-0.87; p=0.0004).1

Key secondary endpoints also showed statistically significant and clinically relevant improvement, reinforcing the benefit of the combination across multiple measures of disease control. Notably, patients receiving one year of apalutamide plus hormone therapy before and after surgery went more than six years before needing subsequent therapy, compared to approximately three and a half years with hormone therapy alone (74.2 vs. 41.5 months; HR, 0.65; 95 percent CI, 0.57-0.73; p<0.0001). Most patients also recovered adequate testosterone levels within 8.1 months. Additional benefits included a 29 percent reduction in the risk of disease recurrence or death (event-free survival; HR, 0.71; 95 percent CI, 0.63-0.80; p<0.0001) and improvements in time to distant metastasis (HR, 0.68; 95 percent CI, 0.55-0.83; p=0.0002). Improvements were also seen in MRD as assessed by residual cancer burden rates (30.6 percent vs. 11.7 percent; OR, 3.36; 95 percent CI, 2.67-4.23; nominal p<0.0001), further supporting the depth of response.1

The safety profile of apalutamide plus hormone therapy was consistent with previous studies. The most common adverse events among patients receiving apalutamide included hot flush (63.4 percent), urinary incontinence (50.2 percent) and erectile dysfunction (41.6 percent). Grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred in 39.6 percent of patients treated with apalutamide plus hormone therapy, compared to 31.0 percent of those receiving hormone therapy alone. Discontinuations due to adverse events occurred in 7.4 percent and 2.7 percent of patients, respectively. Adverse events of special interest were generally comparable between treatment arms, with a higher incidence of skin rash observed with apalutamide. Rates of deaths were similar between treatment arms. In the apalutamide arm, deaths were more often unrelated to prostate cancer, while in the placebo arm, deaths were more frequently associated with disease progression or metastasis.1

"These findings point to a new potential way of treating patients with high-risk localized or locally advanced prostate cancer," said Yusri Elsayed, M.D., M.H.Sc., Ph.D., Global Therapeutic Area Head, Oncology, Johnson & Johnson. "Apalutamide has already shown an overall survival benefit in advanced disease. Now we’re seeing its impact when used earlier, alongside surgery. As the first therapy in its class to show benefit in this setting, these data reinforce apalutamide’s differentiated profile and the need to move beyond a surgery–only approach to treating earlier and improving long–term outcomes."

Ongoing study of ERLEADA in this setting

Apalutamide plus hormone therapy has not yet been approved by regulatory authorities in this setting. Additional analyses from the PROTEUS study, including ongoing evaluations against current standards of care such as surgery alone, are underway to further contextualize these findings and inform future treatment approaches.

About the PROTEUS study

PROTEUS (NCT03767244) is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 3 study evaluating apalutamide in combination with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in patients with high-risk localized or locally advanced prostate cancer who are candidates for radical prostatectomy. Approximately 2,000 patients were enrolled and randomized to receive apalutamide or placebo, each in combination with ADT, administered before and after radical prostatectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection. Patients with distant metastatic disease, as determined by conventional imaging, were excluded from the study.10

Apalutamide was administered orally at 240 mg once daily. All study participants underwent protocol-defined surgery and were followed for long-term outcomes, including recurrence and progression. The dual primary endpoints of the study are pathologic complete response (pCR) and metastasis-free survival (MFS), with pCR assessed by blinded independent central pathology review and MFS assessed by blinded independent central radiology review.10

About High-Risk Localized or Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer

Approximately 330,000 people are diagnosed with prostate cancer each year in the U.S.11 Up to 40 percent of patients will be classified as high-risk.12 Despite advancements in treatment, disease recurrence remains substantial in patients with high-risk localized or locally advanced prostate cancer; up to 50 percent of patients within five years of surgery experience recurrence and carry a significant risk of disease progression and death.5,6 It’s estimated that more than 36,000 patients will succumb to prostate cancer in 2026, which reinforces the importance of choosing the best possible therapy early for patients with advanced prostate cancer.8,12

About ERLEADA

ERLEADA (apalutamide) is an androgen receptor inhibitor indicated for the treatment of patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) and for the treatment of patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). ERLEADA received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for nmCRPC in February 2018 and received U.S. FDA approval for mCSPC in September 2019. To date, more than 340,000 patients worldwide have been treated with ERLEADA.9 Additional studies are ongoing to evaluate ERLEADA in earlier stages of prostate cancer, including high-risk localized and locally advanced disease.

The legal manufacturer for ERLEADA is Janssen Biotech, Inc. For more information, visit www.ERLEADAHCP.com.

INDICATIONS

ERLEADA (apalutamide) is an androgen receptor inhibitor indicated for the treatment of patients with:

Metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC)
Non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC)
ERLEADA IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION9

WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

Cerebrovascular and Ischemic Cardiovascular Events, including events leading to death, occurred in patients receiving ERLEADA. Monitor for signs and symptoms of ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disorders. Optimize management of cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidemia. Consider discontinuation of ERLEADA for Grade 3 and 4 events.

In a randomized study (SPARTAN) of patients with nmCRPC, ischemic cardiovascular events occurred in 3.7% of patients treated with ERLEADA and 2% of patients treated with placebo. In a randomized study (TITAN) in patients with mCSPC, ischemic cardiovascular events occurred in 4.4% of patients treated with ERLEADA and 1.5% of patients treated with placebo. Across the SPARTAN and TITAN studies, 4 patients (0.3%) treated with ERLEADA and 2 patients (0.2%) treated with placebo died from an ischemic cardiovascular event. Patients with history of unstable angina, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, stroke, or transient ischemic attack within 6 months of randomization were excluded from the SPARTAN and TITAN studies.

In the SPARTAN study, cerebrovascular events occurred in 2.5% of patients treated with ERLEADA and 1% of patients treated with placebo. In the TITAN study, cerebrovascular events occurred in 1.9% of patients treated with ERLEADA and 2.1% of patients treated with placebo. Across the SPARTAN and TITAN studies, 3 patients (0.2%) treated with ERLEADA and 2 patients (0.2%) treated with placebo died from a cerebrovascular event.

Fractures occurred in patients receiving ERLEADA. Evaluate patients for fracture risk. Monitor and manage patients at risk for fractures according to established treatment guidelines and consider use of bone-targeted agents.

In a randomized study (SPARTAN) of patients with nmCRPC, fractures occurred in 12% of patients treated with ERLEADA and in 7% of patients treated with placebo. In a randomized study (TITAN) of patients with mCSPC, fractures occurred in 9% of patients treated with ERLEADA and in 6% of patients treated with placebo.

Falls occurred in patients receiving ERLEADA with increased frequency in the elderly. Evaluate patients for fall risk.

In a randomized study (SPARTAN), falls occurred in 16% of patients treated with ERLEADA compared with 9% of patients treated with placebo. Falls were not associated with loss of consciousness or seizure.

Seizure occurred in patients receiving ERLEADA. Permanently discontinue ERLEADA in patients who develop a seizure during treatment. It is unknown whether anti-epileptic medications will prevent seizures with ERLEADA. Advise patients of the risk of developing a seizure while receiving ERLEADA and of engaging in any activity where sudden loss of consciousness could cause harm to themselves or others.

In two randomized studies (SPARTAN and TITAN), five patients (0.4%) treated with ERLEADA and one patient treated with placebo (0.1%) experienced a seizure. Seizure occurred from 159 to 650 days after initiation of ERLEADA. Patients with a history of seizure or, predisposing factors for seizure, or receiving drugs known to decrease the seizure threshold or to induce seizure were excluded. There is no clinical experience in re-administering ERLEADA to patients who experienced a seizure.

Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions — Fatal and life-threatening cases of severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs), including Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN), and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) occurred in patients receiving ERLEADA.

Monitor patients for the development of SCARs. Advise patients of the signs and symptoms of SCARs (eg, a prodrome of fever, flu-like symptoms, mucosal lesions, progressive skin rash, or lymphadenopathy). If a SCAR is suspected, interrupt ERLEADA until the etiology of the reaction has been determined. Consultation with a dermatologist is recommended. If a SCAR is confirmed, or for other Grade 4 skin reactions, permanently discontinue ERLEADA [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].

Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD)/Pneumonitis — Fatal and life-threatening interstitial lung disease (ILD) or pneumonitis can occur in patients treated with ERLEADA.

Post-marketing cases of ILD/pneumonitis, including fatal cases, occurred in patients treated with ERLEADA. Across clinical trials (TITAN and SPARTAN, n=1327), 0.8% of patients treated with ERLEADA experienced ILD/pneumonitis, including 0.2% who experienced Grade 3 events [see Adverse Reactions (6.1, 6.2)].

Monitor patients for new or worsening symptoms indicative of ILD/pneumonitis (eg, dyspnea, cough, fever). Immediately withhold ERLEADA if ILD/pneumonitis is suspected.

Permanently discontinue ERLEADA in patients with severe ILD/pneumonitis or if no other potential causes of ILD/pneumonitis are identified [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].

Embryo-Fetal Toxicity — The safety and efficacy of ERLEADA have not been established in females. Based on findings from animals and its mechanism of action, ERLEADA can cause fetal harm and loss of pregnancy when administered to a pregnant female. Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment and for 3 months after the last dose of ERLEADA [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1, 8.3)].

ADVERSE REACTIONS

The most common adverse reactions (≥10%) that occurred more frequently in the ERLEADA-treated patients (≥2% over placebo) from the randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials (TITAN and SPARTAN) were fatigue, arthralgia, rash, decreased appetite, fall, weight decreased, hypertension, hot flush, diarrhea, and fracture.

Laboratory Abnormalities — All Grades (Grade 3-4)

Hematology — In the TITAN study: white blood cell decreased ERLEADA 27% (0.4%), placebo 19% (0.6%). In the SPARTAN study: anemia ERLEADA 70% (0.4%), placebo 64% (0.5%); leukopenia ERLEADA 47% (0.3%), placebo 29% (0%); lymphopenia ERLEADA 41% (1.8%), placebo 21% (1.6%)
Chemistry — In the TITAN study: hypertriglyceridemia ERLEADA 17% (2.5%), placebo 12% (2.3%). In the SPARTAN study: hypercholesterolemia ERLEADA 76% (0.1%), placebo 46% (0%); hyperglycemia ERLEADA 70% (2%), placebo 59% (1.0%); hypertriglyceridemia ERLEADA 67% (1.6%), placebo 49% (0.8%); hyperkalemia ERLEADA 32% (1.9%), placebo 22% (0.5%)
Rash — In 2 randomized studies (SPARTAN and TITAN), rash was most commonly described as macular or maculopapular. Adverse reactions of rash were 26% with ERLEADA vs 8% with placebo. Grade 3 rashes (defined as covering >30% body surface area [BSA]) were reported with ERLEADA treatment (6%) vs placebo (0.5%).

The onset of rash occurred at a median of 83 days. Rash resolved in 78% of patients within a median of 78 days from onset of rash. Rash was commonly managed with oral antihistamines and topical corticosteroids, and 19% of patients received systemic corticosteroids. Dose reduction or dose interruption occurred in 14% and 28% of patients, respectively. Of the patients who had dose interruption, 59% experienced recurrence of rash upon reintroduction of ERLEADA.

Hypothyroidism — In 2 randomized studies (SPARTAN and TITAN), hypothyroidism was reported for 8% of patients treated with ERLEADA and 1.5% of patients treated with placebo based on assessments of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) every 4 months. Elevated TSH occurred in 25% of patients treated with ERLEADA and 7% of patients treated with placebo. The median onset was at the first scheduled assessment. There were no Grade 3 or 4 adverse reactions. Thyroid replacement therapy, when clinically indicated, should be initiated or dose adjusted.

DRUG INTERACTIONS

Effect of Other Drugs on ERLEADA

ERLEADA Strong CYP2C8 or CYP3A4 Inhibitors

Reduce the ERLEADA dose as recommended for adverse reactions [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)]. Co-administration of a strong CYP2C8 or CYP3A4 inhibitor is predicted to increase the steady–state exposure of the active moieties (sum of unbound apalutamide plus the potency–adjusted unbound N-desmethyl-apalutamide).

Effect of ERLEADA on Other Drugs

Substrates of CYP3A4, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, P-gp, BCRP, or OATP1B1

Refer to the Prescribing Information for these substrates. Consider alternative agents when possible or evaluate for loss of activity of the substrate if concomitant use cannot be avoided.

Apalutamide is a strong inducer of CYP3A4 and CYP2C19, a weak inducer of CYP2C9, and an inducer of P-gp, BCRP, and OATP1B1. Apalutamide decreases exposure of substrates of CYP3A4, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, P-gp, BCRP, or OATP1B [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)], which may decrease the effectiveness of these substrates.
USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS

The recommended ERLEADA dosage in patients with (Child-Pugh C) is lower than the recommended dosage in patients with normal hepatic function. No dosage modification is recommended for patients with mild (Child-Pugh A) or moderate (Child-Pugh B) hepatic impairment.

(Press release, Johnson & Johnson, MAY 31, 2026, View Source;johnsons-phase-3-prostate-cancer-study-shows-erleada-apalutamide-before-and-after-surgery-significantly-reduces-risk-of-metastasis-or-death-breaking-a-decades-long-treatment-paradigm-302786429.html [SID1234666271])

On May 31, 2026 Johnson & Johnson (NYSE: JNJ) reported pivotal results from the Phase 1b/2 OrigAMI-4 study showing that subcutaneous amivantamab and hyaluronidase-lpuj delivered durable responses in patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma previously treated with immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Confirmed overall response rate was 42 percent, with more than one-third of responders achieving complete responses. Median duration of response was not yet reached, with a median follow up of 11.8 months.1 These data were featured in an oral session at the 2026 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) Annual Meeting (Abstract #6008) and simultaneously published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology (JCO).2 Together, with additional data presented in lung and colorectal cancers, these findings further demonstrate the expanding role of the amivantamab portfolio across tumor types.

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A supplemental Biologics License Application (sBLA) seeking approval for subcutaneous amivantamab in head and neck cancer has been submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), following Breakthrough Therapy Designation.

High unmet need remains in advanced head and neck cancer

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is an aggressive disease that can significantly affect quality of life, with symptoms such as pain and difficulty swallowing that can make it hard to eat, speak and maintain proper nutrition.3,4 Certain forms of head and neck cancer, including tumors of the mouth, voice box and parts of the throat, are among the most difficult to treat, and are associated with poorer outcomes and persistent unmet need.5 Across head and neck cancers, up to half of patients will experience recurrence or metastatic disease, even when treated at an early stage.3 Once the disease becomes recurrent or metastatic, five-year survival is approximately 15 percent.6 For patients who receive additional treatment, current options provide limited benefit with response rates rarely exceeding 24 percent, and few patients achieve a complete response.7,8

Dual-targeting mechanism helps address tumor growth and resistance

Subcutaneous amivantamab is designed to dual target both epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), two pathways associated with tumor growth and resistance, while engaging the immune system.9

"Patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer who have already been treated with immunotherapy and chemotherapy face very poor outcomes," said Barbara Burtness, M.D.,* medical oncologist and professor of medicine at Yale Cancer Center in New Haven, Connecticut. "The high response seen with subcutaneous amivantamab on its own, including more than one-third of responders achieving complete responses, and the durability of those responses, suggests it has the potential to meaningfully improve expectations for these patients."

Detailed OrigAMI-4 study results

Cohort 1 of the OrigAMI-4 study evaluated subcutaneous amivantamab monotherapy in 102 patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer who had previously received immunotherapy and platinum-based chemotherapy, excluding patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal cancer. Patients received treatment every three weeks following an initial loading dose. The primary endpoint was overall response rate, as assessed by local investigators per protocol. Responses were confirmed via blinded independent central review (BICR).1

Based on BICR, confirmed overall response rate was 42 percent (95 percent confidence interval [CI], 32-52), including complete responses in more than one-third of responders (15 percent) and a 27 percent partial response rate. Clinical benefit rate was 63 percent (95 percent CI, 53-72), and median time to first response was 6.6 weeks (range, 5.6-36.9). At the time of analysis (median follow-up of 11.8 months), median duration of response had not yet been reached among confirmed responders, demonstrating notable durability. Median progression-free survival and overall survival were 6.8 months and 12.5 months, respectively.1

The safety profile of subcutaneous amivantamab monotherapy was consistent with prior reports, with no new safety signals identified. Most treatment-related adverse events were Grade 1 or 2 (mild to moderate) and associated with EGFR or MET inhibition. The most common on-target adverse events included hypoalbuminemia (50 percent), rash (37 percent), paronychia (34 percent) and dermatitis acneiform (34 percent). Administration-related reactions occurred in 15 percent of patients, with no Grade 3 or higher events reported. Treatment-related discontinuations remained low at eight percent.1

"Progress has been limited for patients with recurrent and metastatic head and neck cancer, highlighting the need for differentiated approaches that can address the disease more comprehensively," said Yusri Elsayed, M.D., M.H.Sc., Ph.D., Global Therapeutic Area Head, Oncology, Johnson & Johnson. "Subcutaneous amivantamab is the only therapy of its kind being studied in this disease, targeting both EGFR and MET while engaging the immune system. The encouraging responses we’re seeing in OrigAMI-4, along with a well-established and manageable safety profile, underscore the potential of this approach and move us closer to delivering a fast, convenient treatment option."

Ongoing study of RYBREVANT FASPRO in head and neck cancer

A trial-in-progress update from the Phase 3 OrigAMI-5 study (NCT07276399) was also shared at ASCO (Free ASCO Whitepaper) 2026 (Abstract #583a). The study is evaluating subcutaneous amivantamab in combination with carboplatin and pembrolizumab as a first-line treatment for patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer, with the goal of improving outcomes in the first-line setting.10

RYBREVANT FASPRO is already approved in more than 40 countries, including the United States, Europe, Japan, and other markets, as a subcutaneous treatment for patients with EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer.11

About the OrigAMI-4 Study

OrigAMI-4 (NCT06385080) is an open-label Phase 1b/2 study evaluating RYBREVANT FASPRO (amivantamab and hyaluronidase-lpuj) in recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC). The study includes five cohorts exploring RYBREVANT FASPRO across different treatment settings and regimens.

Cohort 1 evaluated RYBREVANT FASPRO as monotherapy in patients with R/M HNSCC who had received prior platinum-based chemotherapy and PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. Patients with HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma were excluded, as well as those with prior anti-EGFR therapy.

RYBREVANT FASPRO was administered on a weekly schedule during the initial treatment period followed by dosing every three weeks (Q3W), with weight-based dosing adjustments. The primary endpoint across cohorts is overall response rate (ORR), as assessed by investigators, using RECIST v1.1.†12

About Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the most common form of head and neck cancer, a group of cancers that arise in the mouth, throat, voice box, sinuses, nasal cavity, and salivary glands.13 It represents approximately 4.5 percent of all cancers worldwide and is the seventh most common cancer globally.13 Major risk factors include tobacco and alcohol use, as well as infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV).13 Approximately 80 percent of recurrent or metastatic HNSCC are not driven by HPV, and are typically associated with poorer prognosis and reduced response to treatment.13, 14 Despite advances in surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, many patients ultimately progress to advanced, recurrent or metastatic disease.15,16

About RYBREVANT FASPRO and RYBREVANT

RYBREVANT FASPRO (amivantamab and hyaluronidase-lpuj) received U.S. FDA approval in December 2025 and is approved in multiple markets worldwide for the treatment of adults with EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including those with exon 19 deletions, exon 21 L858R substitution mutations, and exon 20 insertion mutations. It is the only subcutaneous therapy approved in these populations and can be used as monotherapy or in combination with LAZCLUZE (lazertinib) or chemotherapy in the front- and second-line settings, offering convenient monthly‡ or bi-weekly dosing. RYBREVANT FASPRO is co-formulated with recombinant human hyaluronidase PH20 (rHuPH20), Halozyme’s ENHANZE drug delivery technology.

RYBREVANT (amivantamab-vmjw), administered intravenously, received U.S. FDA approval in March 2024 and is approved for the same indications as RYBREVANT FASPRO across multiple markets. RYBREVANT is a first-in-class, fully human bispecific antibody targeting EGFR and MET, designed to inhibit tumor growth while engaging the immune system.

The effectiveness of RYBREVANT FASPRO is supported by the established clinical profile of RYBREVANT, including data from multiple Phase 3 studies such as MARIPOSA, which demonstrated improvements in progression-free and overall survival when used in combination with LAZCLUZE in first-line advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC.

The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines)§17 include amivantamab-vmjw (RYBREVANT) across its FDA-approved treatment settings, including as a Category 1 preferred option in combination with lazertinib (LAZCLUZE) for first-line treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with EGFR exon 19 deletions or exon 21 L858R mutations. Subcutaneous amivantamab and hyaluronidase-lpuj (RYBREVANT FASPRO) may be substituted for IV amivantamab-vmjw (RYBREVANT) where appropriate. See the latest NCCN Guidelines for NSCLC for complete information. || ¶

The NCCN Guidelines for Central Nervous System Cancers also include amivantamab (RYBREVANT)-based regimens, including in combination with lazertinib (LAZCLUZE), as the only NCCN-preferred combination options for patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC and brain metastases. || ¶

Beyond NSCLC, RYBREVANT-based therapies are being investigated across other solid tumors, including head and neck and colorectal cancers.

The legal manufacturer for RYBREVANT FASPRO and RYBREVANT is Janssen Biotech, Inc. For more information, visit www.rybrevanthcp.com

INDICATIONS

RYBREVANT FASPRO (amivantamab and hyaluronidase-lpuj) and RYBREVANT (amivantamab-vmjw) are indicated:

in combination with LAZCLUZE (lazertinib) for the first-line treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with EGFR exon 19 deletions or exon 21 L858R substitution mutations, as detected by an FDA-approved test.
in combination with carboplatin and pemetrexed for the treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with EGFR exon 19 deletions or exon 21 L858R substitution mutations, whose disease has progressed on or after treatment with an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor.
in combination with carboplatin and pemetrexed for the first-line treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations, as detected by an FDA-approved test.
as a single agent for the treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations, as detected by an FDA approved test, whose disease has progressed on or after platinum-based chemotherapy.
IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION FOR RYBREVANT FASPRO AND RYBREVANT 10,18

CONTRAINDICATIONS

RYBREVANT FASPRO is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to hyaluronidase or to any of its excipients.

WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

Hypersensitivity and Administration-Related Reactions with RYBREVANT FASPRO

RYBREVANT FASPRO can cause hypersensitivity and administration-related reactions (ARR); signs and symptoms of ARR include dyspnea, flushing, fever, chills, chest discomfort, hypotension, and vomiting. The median time to ARR onset is approximately 2 hours.

RYBREVANT FASPRO with LAZCLUZE

In PALOMA-3 (n=206), all Grade ARR occurred in 13% of patients, including 0.5% Grade 3. Of the patients who experienced ARR, 89% occurred with the initial dose (Week 1, Day 1).

Premedicate with antihistamines, antipyretics, and glucocorticoids and administer RYBREVANT FASPRO as recommended. Monitor patients for any signs and symptoms of administration-related reactions during injection in a setting where cardiopulmonary resuscitation medication and equipment are available. Interrupt RYBREVANT FASPRO injection if ARR is suspected. Resume treatment upon resolution of symptoms or permanently discontinue RYBREVANT FASPRO based on severity.

Infusion-Related Reactions with RYBREVANT

RYBREVANT can cause infusion-related reactions (IRR) including anaphylaxis; signs and symptoms of IRR include dyspnea, flushing, fever, chills, nausea, chest discomfort, hypotension, and vomiting. The median time to IRR onset is approximately 1 hour.

RYBREVANT with LAZCLUZE

In MARIPOSA (n=421), IRRs occurred in 63% of patients, including Grade 3 in 5% and Grade 4 in 1% of patients. IRR-related infusion modifications occurred in 54%, dose reduction in 0.7%, and permanent discontinuation of RYBREVANT in 4.5% of patients.

RYBREVANT with Carboplatin and Pemetrexed

Based on the pooled safety population (n=281), IRRs occurred in 50% of patients including Grade 3 (3.2%) adverse reactions. IRR-related infusion modifications occurred in 46%, and permanent discontinuation of RYBREVANT in 2.8% of patients.

RYBREVANT as a Single Agent

In CHRYSALIS (n=302), IRRs occurred in 66% of patients. IRRs occurred in 65% of patients on Week 1 Day 1, 3.4% on Day 2 infusion, 0.4% with Week 2 infusion, and were cumulatively 1.1% with subsequent infusions. 97% were Grade 1-2, 2.2% were Grade 3, and 0.4% were Grade 4. The median time to onset was 1 hour (range: 0.1 to 18 hours) after start of infusion. IRR-related infusion modifications occurred in 62%, and permanent discontinuation of RYBREVANT in 1.3% of patients.

Premedicate with antihistamines, antipyretics, and glucocorticoids and infuse RYBREVANT as recommended. Administer RYBREVANT via a peripheral line on Week 1 and Week 2 to reduce the risk of IRRs. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of IRRs in a setting where cardiopulmonary resuscitation medication and equipment are available. Interrupt infusion if IRR is suspected. Reduce the infusion rate or permanently discontinue RYBREVANT based on severity. If an anaphylactic reaction occurs, permanently discontinue RYBREVANT.

Interstitial Lung Disease/Pneumonitis

RYBREVANT FASPRO and RYBREVANT can cause severe and fatal interstitial lung disease (ILD)/pneumonitis.

RYBREVANT FASPRO with LAZCLUZE

In PALOMA-3, ILD/pneumonitis occurred in 6% of patients, including Grade 3 in 1%, Grade 4 in 1.5%, and fatal cases in 1.9% of patients. 5% of patients permanently discontinued RYBREVANT FASPRO and LAZCLUZE due to ILD/pneumonitis.

RYBREVANT with LAZCLUZE

In MARIPOSA, ILD/pneumonitis occurred in 3.1% of patients, including Grade 3 in 1.0% and Grade 4 in 0.2% of patients. There was one fatal case of ILD/pneumonitis and 2.9% of patients permanently discontinued RYBREVANT and LAZCLUZE due to ILD/pneumonitis.

RYBREVANT with Carboplatin and Pemetrexed

Based on the pooled safety population, ILD/pneumonitis occurred in 2.1% of patients with 1.8% of patients experiencing Grade 3 ILD/pneumonitis. 2.1% discontinued RYBREVANT due to ILD/pneumonitis.

RYBREVANT as a Single Agent

In CHRYSALIS, ILD/pneumonitis occurred in 3.3% of patients, with 0.7% of patients experiencing Grade 3 ILD/pneumonitis. Three patients (1%) permanently discontinued RYBREVANT due to ILD/pneumonitis.

Monitor patients for new or worsening symptoms indicative of ILD/pneumonitis (e.g., dyspnea, cough, fever). Immediately withhold RYBREVANT FASPRO or RYBREVANT and LAZCLUZE (when applicable) in patients with suspected ILD/pneumonitis and permanently discontinue if ILD/pneumonitis is confirmed.

Venous Thromboembolic (VTE) Events with Concomitant Use with LAZCLUZE

RYBREVANT FASPRO and RYBREVANT in combination with LAZCLUZE can cause serious and fatal venous thromboembolic (VTE) events, including deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Without prophylactic anticoagulation, the majority of these events occurred during the first four months of treatment.

RYBREVANT FASPRO with LAZCLUZE

In PALOMA-3 (n=206), all Grade VTE occurred in 11% of patients and 1.5% were Grade 3. 80% (n=164) of patients received prophylactic anticoagulation at study entry, with an all Grade VTE incidence of 7%. In patients who did not receive prophylactic anticoagulation (n=42), all Grade VTE occurred in 17% of patients. In total, 0.5% of patients had VTE leading to dose reductions of RYBREVANT FASPRO and no patients required permanent discontinuation. The median time to onset of VTEs was 95 days (range: 17 to 390).

RYBREVANT with LAZCLUZE

In MARIPOSA (n=421), VTEs occurred in 36% of patients including Grade 3 in 10% and Grade 4 in 0.5% of patients. On-study VTEs occurred in 1.2% of patients (n=5) while receiving anticoagulation therapy. There were two fatal cases of VTE (0.5%), 9% of patients had VTE leading to dose interruptions of RYBREVANT, and 7% of patients had VTE leading to dose interruptions of LAZCLUZE; 1% of patients had VTE leading to dose reductions of RYBREVANT, and 0.5% of patients had VTE leading to dose reductions of LAZCLUZE; 3.1% of patients had VTE leading to permanent discontinuation of RYBREVANT, and 1.9% of patients had VTE leading to permanent discontinuation of LAZCLUZE. The median time to onset of VTEs was 84 days (range: 6 to 777).

Administer prophylactic anticoagulation for the first four months of treatment. The use of Vitamin K antagonists is not recommended.

Monitor for signs and symptoms of VTE events and treat as medically appropriate. Withhold RYBREVANT FASPRO or RYBREVANT and LAZCLUZE based on severity. Once anticoagulant treatment has been initiated, resume RYBREVANT FASPRO or RYBREVANT and LAZCLUZE at the same dose level at the discretion of the healthcare provider. In the event of VTE recurrence despite therapeutic anticoagulation, permanently discontinue RYBREVANT FASPRO or RYBREVANT. Treatment can continue with LAZCLUZE at the same dose level at the discretion of the healthcare provider. Refer to the LAZCLUZE Prescribing Information for recommended LAZCLUZE dosage modification.

Dermatologic Adverse Reactions

RYBREVANT FASPRO and RYBREVANT can cause severe rash including toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), dermatitis acneiform, pruritus and dry skin.

RYBREVANT FASPRO with LAZCLUZE

In PALOMA-3, rash occurred in 80% of patients, including Grade 3 in 17% and Grade 4 in 0.5% of patients. Rash leading to dose reduction occurred in 11% of patients, and RYBREVANT FASPRO was permanently discontinued due to rash in 1.5% of patients.

RYBREVANT with LAZCLUZE

In MARIPOSA, rash occurred in 86% of patients, including Grade 3 in 26% of patients. The median time to onset of rash was 14 days (range: 1 to 556 days). Rash leading to dose interruptions occurred in 37% of patients for RYBREVANT and 30% for LAZCLUZE, rash leading to dose reductions occurred in 23% of patients for RYBREVANT and 19% for LAZCLUZE, and rash leading to permanent discontinuation occurred in 5% of patients for RYBREVANT and 1.7% for LAZCLUZE.

RYBREVANT with Carboplatin and Pemetrexed

Based on the pooled safety population, rash occurred in 82% of patients, including Grade 3 (15%) adverse reactions. Rash leading to dose reductions occurred in 14% of patients, and 2.5% permanently discontinued RYBREVANT and 3.1% discontinued pemetrexed.

RYBREVANT as a Single Agent

In CHRYSALIS, rash occurred in 74% of patients, including Grade 3 in 3.3% of patients. The median time to onset of rash was 14 days (range: 1 to 276 days). Rash leading to dose reduction occurred in 5% and permanent discontinuation due to rash occurred in 0.7% of patients. Toxic epidermal necrolysis occurred in one patient (0.3%).

When initiating treatment with RYBREVANT FASPRO or RYBREVANT and LAZCLUZE, prophylactic and concomitant medications are recommended to reduce the risk and severity of dermatologic adverse reactions. Instruct patients to limit sun exposure during and for 2 months after treatment. Advise patients to wear protective clothing and use broad spectrum UVA/UVB sunscreen.

If skin reactions develop, administer supportive care including topical corticosteroids and topical and/or oral antibiotics. For Grade 3 reactions, add oral steroids and consider dermatologic consultation. Promptly refer patients presenting with severe rash, atypical appearance or distribution, or lack of improvement within 2 weeks to a dermatologist. For patients receiving RYBREVANT FASPRO or RYBREVANT in combination with LAZCLUZE, withhold, reduce the dose, or permanently discontinue both drugs based on severity. For patients receiving RYBREVANT FASPRO or RYBREVANT as a single agent or in combination with carboplatin and pemetrexed, withhold, dose reduce or permanently discontinue RYBREVANT FASPRO or RYBREVANT based on severity.

Hepatotoxicity

LAZCLUZE in combination with amivantamab can cause severe hepatotoxicity (including increased ALT and AST).

RYBREVANT with LAZCLUZE

In MARIPOSA, based on adverse reaction data, hepatotoxicity occurred in 49% of patients treated with LAZCLUZE, including Grade 3 in 9.3% of patients and Grade 4 in 0.5%. LAZCLUZE was interrupted for an adverse reaction of hepatotoxicity in 8% of patients, the dose was reduced in 1.4% and permanently discontinued in 0.2%.

Perform liver function tests (including ALT, AST, and total bilirubin) before initiation of LAZCLUZE and during treatment, as clinically indicated. Withhold, reduce the dose, or permanently discontinue LAZCLUZE and amivantamab based on severity.

Ocular Toxicity

RYBREVANT FASPRO and RYBREVANT can cause ocular toxicity including keratitis, blepharitis, dry eye symptoms, conjunctival redness, blurred vision, visual impairment, ocular itching, eye pruritus and uveitis.

RYBREVANT FASPRO with LAZCLUZE

In PALOMA-3, all Grade ocular toxicity occurred in 13% of patients, including 0.5% Grade 3.

RYBREVANT with LAZCLUZE

In MARIPOSA, ocular toxicity occurred in 16%, including Grade 3 or 4 ocular toxicity in 0.7% of patients.

RYBREVANT with Carboplatin and Pemetrexed

Based on the pooled safety population, ocular toxicity occurred in 16% of patients. All events were Grade 1 or 2.

RYBREVANT as a Single Agent

In CHRYSALIS, keratitis occurred in 0.7% and uveitis occurred in 0.3% of patients. All events were Grade 1-2.

Promptly refer patients presenting with new or worsening eye symptoms to an ophthalmologist. Withhold, dose reduce or permanently discontinue RYBREVANT FASPRO or RYBREVANT and continue LAZCLUZE based on severity.

Embryo-Fetal Toxicity

Based on animal models, RYBREVANT FASPRO, RYBREVANT and LAZCLUZE can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Verify pregnancy status of females of reproductive potential prior to initiating RYBREVANT FASPRO and RYBREVANT. Advise pregnant women and females of reproductive potential of the potential risk to the fetus. Advise patients of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment and for 3 months after the last dose of RYBREVANT FASPRO or RYBREVANT, and for 3 weeks after the last dose of LAZCLUZE.

ADVERSE REACTIONS

RYBREVANT FASPRO with LAZCLUZE

In PALOMA-3 (n=206), the most common adverse reactions (≥20%) were rash (80%), nail toxicity (58%), musculoskeletal pain (50%), fatigue (37%), stomatitis (36%), edema (34%), nausea (30%), diarrhea (22%), vomiting (22%), constipation (22%), decreased appetite (22%), and headache (21%). The most common Grade 3 or 4 laboratory abnormalities (≥2%) were decreased lymphocyte count (6%), decreased sodium (5%), decreased potassium (5%), decreased albumin (4.9%), increased alanine aminotransferase (3.4%), decreased platelet count (2.4%), increased aspartate aminotransferase (2%), increased gamma-glutamyl transferase (2%), and decreased hemoglobin (2%).

Serious adverse reactions occurred in 33% of patients, with those occurring in ≥2% of patients including ILD/pneumonitis (6%); and pneumonia, VTE and fatigue (2.4% each). Death due to adverse reactions occurred in 5% of patients treated with RYBREVANT FASPRO, including ILD/pneumonitis (1.9%), pneumonia (1.5%), and respiratory failure and sudden death (1% each).

RYBREVANT with LAZCLUZE

In MARIPOSA (n=421), the most common adverse reactions (ARs) (≥20%) were rash (86%), nail toxicity (71%), infusion-related reactions (IRRs) (RYBREVANT) (63%), musculoskeletal pain (47%), stomatitis (43%), edema (43%), VTE (36%), paresthesia (35%), fatigue (32%), diarrhea (31%), constipation (29%), COVID-19 (26%), hemorrhage (25%), dry skin (25%), decreased appetite (24%), pruritus (24%), and nausea (21%). The most common Grade 3 or 4 laboratory abnormalities (≥2%) were decreased albumin (8%), decreased sodium (7%), increased ALT (7%), decreased potassium (5%), decreased hemoglobin (3.8%), increased AST (3.8%), increased GGT (2.6%), and increased magnesium (2.6%).

Serious ARs occurred in 49% of patients, with those occurring in ≥2% of patients including VTE (11%), pneumonia (4%), ILD/pneumonitis and rash (2.9% each), COVID-19 (2.4%), and pleural effusion and IRRs (RYBREVANT) (2.1% each). Fatal ARs occurred in 7% of patients due to death not otherwise specified (1.2%); sepsis and respiratory failure (1% each); pneumonia, myocardial infarction, and sudden death (0.7% each); cerebral infarction, pulmonary embolism (PE), and COVID-19 infection (0.5% each); and ILD/pneumonitis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and cardiopulmonary arrest (0.2% each).

RYBREVANT with Carboplatin and Pemetrexed

In MARIPOSA-2 (n=130), the most common ARs (≥20%) were rash (72%), IRRs (59%), fatigue (51%), nail toxicity (45%), nausea (45%), constipation (39%), edema (36%), stomatitis (35%), decreased appetite (31%), musculoskeletal pain (30%), vomiting (25%), and COVID-19 (21%). The most common Grade 3 to 4 laboratory abnormalities (≥2%) were decreased neutrophils (49%), decreased white blood cells (42%), decreased lymphocytes (28%), decreased platelets (17%), decreased hemoglobin (12%), decreased potassium (11%), decreased sodium (11%), increased alanine aminotransferase (3.9%), decreased albumin (3.8%), and increased gamma-glutamyl transferase (3.1%).

In MARIPOSA-2, serious ARs occurred in 32% of patients, with those occurring in >2% of patients including dyspnea (3.1%), thrombocytopenia (3.1%), sepsis (2.3%), and PE (2.3%). Fatal ARs occurred in 2.3% of patients; these included respiratory failure, sepsis, and ventricular fibrillation (0.8% each).

In PAPILLON (n=151), the most common ARs (≥20%) were rash (90%), nail toxicity (62%), stomatitis (43%), IRRs (42%), fatigue (42%), edema (40%), constipation (40%), decreased appetite (36%), nausea (36%), COVID-19 (24%), diarrhea (21%), and vomiting (21%). The most common Grade 3 to 4 laboratory abnormalities (≥2%) were decreased albumin (7%), increased alanine aminotransferase (4%), increased gamma-glutamyl transferase (4%), decreased sodium (7%), decreased potassium (11%), decreased magnesium (2%), and decreases in white blood cells (17%), hemoglobin (11%), neutrophils (36%), platelets (10%), and lymphocytes (11%).

In PAPILLON, serious ARs occurred in 37% of patients, with those occurring in ≥2% of patients including rash, pneumonia, ILD, PE, vomiting, and COVID-19. Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 7 patients (4.6%) due to pneumonia, cerebrovascular accident, cardio-respiratory arrest, COVID-19, sepsis, and death not otherwise specified.

RYBREVANT as a Single Agent

In CHRYSALIS (n=129), the most common ARs (≥20%) were rash (84%), IRR (64%), paronychia (50%), musculoskeletal pain (47%), dyspnea (37%), nausea (36%), fatigue (33%), edema (27%), stomatitis (26%), cough (25%), constipation (23%), and vomiting (22%). The most common Grade 3 to 4 laboratory abnormalities (≥2%) were decreased lymphocytes (8%), decreased albumin (8%), decreased phosphate (8%), decreased potassium (6%), increased alkaline phosphatase (4.8%), increased glucose (4%), increased gamma-glutamyl transferase (4%), and decreased sodium (4%).

Serious ARs occurred in 30% of patients, with those occurring in ≥2% of patients including PE, pneumonitis/ILD, dyspnea, musculoskeletal pain, pneumonia, and muscular weakness. Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 2 patients (1.5%) due to pneumonia and 1 patient (0.8%) due to sudden death.

LAZCLUZE DRUG INTERACTIONS

Avoid concomitant use of LAZCLUZE with strong and moderate CYP3A4 inducers. Consider an alternate concomitant medication with no potential to induce CYP3A4.

Monitor for adverse reactions associated with a CYP3A4 or BCRP substrate where minimal concentration changes may lead to serious adverse reactions, as recommended in the approved product labeling for the CYP3A4 or BCRP substrate.

(Press release, Johnson & Johnson, MAY 31, 2026, View Source [SID1234666270])

On May 31, 2026 Akeso, Inc. (9926.HK) ("Akeso" or the "Company") reported that ivonescimab, the Company’s first-in-class PD-1/VEGF bispecific antibody, has achieved a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in overall survival (OS) as a first-line treatment for patients with advanced squamous non-small cell lung cancer (sq-NSCLC) in the Phase III HARMONi-6 (AK112-306) study. These landmark findings will be featured in a Plenary Session at the 2026 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) Annual Meeting. Professor Shun Lu, Director of the Lung Cancer Center at Shanghai Chest Hospital and Principal Investigator of HARMONi-6, presented the data in an oral Plenary Session presentation.

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This marks the first time a China-originated investigational oncology drug has been selected for the ASCO (Free ASCO Whitepaper) Plenary Session in the society’s 61-year history. This moment is a definitive testament to the ivonescimab regimen’s role in ushering cancer immunotherapy into the ‘2.0 Era’.

The HARMONi-6 study results were simultaneously published in The Lancet.

The HARMONi-6 study enrolled a total of 532 patients. Among them, approximately 63% had centrally located squamous tumors, 39.0% had PD-L1 TPS <1%, and 33.8% had multi-site metastases, liver metastases, or brain metastases. At the pre-specified interim analysis, as assessed by the Independent Data Monitoring Committee (IDMC), the study met its key secondary endpoint of overall survival (OS), demonstrating both clinically a meaningful and statistically significant benefit.

As of the data cutoff date of February 27, 2026, with a median follow-up of 21.36 months:

34% reduction in the risk of death – ivonescimab plus chemotherapy significantly prolonged OS

In the intent-to-treat (ITT) population, ivonescimab plus chemotherapy reduced the risk of death by 34% versus tislelizumab plus chemotherapy (HR=0.66 [95% CI: 0.50–0.87], P=0.0017(＜0.0049). Median OS was 27.9 months in the ivonescimab arm (the final death event in this arm caused the Kaplan-Meier curve to drop sharply to the median, thereby producing the mOS estimate) versus 23.7 months in the control arm.
The 12-month OS rate was 78.9% with ivonescimab plus chemotherapy versus 72.2% in the control arm, and the 24-month OS rate was 64.7% versus 48.6%, respectively. The survival benefit continued to widen over time, reflecting a more durable and clinically meaningful long-term survival advantage.
Consistent OS benefit across all prespecified subgroups

OS benefit with ivonescimab was observed consistently regardless of PD-L1 expression status: HR=0.68 in the PD-L1 TPS ≥1% subgroup and HR=0.64 in the TPS <1% subgroup; HR=0.67 in the PD-L1 TPS 1–49% subgroup and HR=0.64 in the TPS ≥50% subgroup.
The OS benefit was also consistent across subgroups defined by metastatic burden: HR=0.47 in patients with ≥3 metastatic sites and HR=0.69 in those with liver metastases.
Comparable subsequent anticancer therapy between the two arms

Proportions of patients in the two groups who subsequently received immunotherapy: 13.9% in the treatment group vs 19.2% in the control group; proportions receiving targeted therapy: 12.4% vs 17.3%; proportions receiving ADC therapy: 4.5% vs 5.6%; proportions participating in other clinical trials: 0.8% vs 2.3%.

Favorable safety profile comparable to tislelizumab plus chemotherapy

Grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) occurred in 69.2% of patients in the ivonescimab arm and 58.9% in the control arm.
Rates of adverse events leading to treatment discontinuation or death were similar between arms.
At the prespecified interim analysis for progression-free survival (PFS), ivonescimab plus chemotherapy had already demonstrated a clinically meaningful and statistically significant improvement in PFS compared with tislelizumab plus chemotherapy, with a median PFS of 11.1 months versus 6.9 months (HR=0.60 [95% CI: 0.46–0.78], P＜0.0001).

Professor Shun Lu, Principal Investigator of HARMONi-6, Director of the Lung Cancer Center at Shanghai Chest Hospital and Tenured Professor:

"HARMONi-6 is the first global Phase III study in lung cancer to show statistically significant improvements in both OS and PFS compared with PD-1 plus chemotherapy. It is also the first in sq-NSCLC to achieve dual OS and PFS success through a pre-specified hypothesis test. The results significantly reduced the risk of death and disease progression, with consistent benefits across all subgroups, while enabling patients to maintain better quality of life for longer.

These strong head-to-head data redefine the gold standard for first-line sq-NSCLC treatment and fill a major clinical gap for anti-angiogenic therapy in this setting. We look forward to ivonescimab delivering broader benefits to patients worldwide as a next-generation immuno-oncology therapy."

Dr. Yu Xia, Founder, Chairwoman, President and CEO of Akeso:

"Today, we are thrilled to announce that ivonescimab plus chemotherapy has successfully challenged PD-1 plus chemotherapy, achieving both clinically meaningful and statistically significant improvements in overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). We extend our sincere gratitude to all investigators, clinical teams, and patients who participated in this study. Thanks to their efforts, Chinese patients with advanced sq-NSCLC are the first to benefit from this innovative, safe, and highly effective global therapy.

Prior to ivonescimab, no therapy had successfully challenged the dominance of PD-1-based regimens in a head-to-head Phase III trial. Ivonescimab has already demonstrated dual OS and PFS benefits in EGFR-mutant non-squamous NSCLC after TKI failure, becoming the first immunotherapy approved in this setting. It has also shown superior PFS versus pembrolizumab monotherapy in first-line PD-L1-positive NSCLC. These results have generated strong global anticipation for next-generation therapies. Since its launch, ivonescimab has been widely adopted by clinicians and patients.

PD-1 plus chemotherapy is currently the most broadly used first-line regimen in oncology. Following our previous success versus pembrolizumab monotherapy, the HARMONi-6 study now demonstrates for the first time that ivonescimab plus chemotherapy can achieve dual superiority in both OS and PFS over PD-1 plus chemotherapy. This landmark result solidifies ivonescimab’s position as a next-generation cornerstone of cancer immunotherapy.

The success of HARMONi-6 gives us even greater confidence to leverage global resources, fully unlock ivonescimab’s potential, reshape treatment paradigms, and deliver more effective and safer solutions to patients worldwide."

Ivonescimab is currently being evaluated in more than 30 clinical settings across a wide range of tumors, including 15 Phase III trials, seven of which are head-to-head studies versus PD-1/PD-L1 therapies. The positive results from HARMONi-6 further strengthen its differentiated clinical profile. In partnership with Summit Therapeutics, Akeso remains fully committed to advancing the global development of ivonescimab to maximize its therapeutic benefit for patients worldwide.

(Press release, Akeso Biopharma, MAY 31, 2026, View Source [SID1234666269])