On June 10, 2020 Mateon Therapeutics Inc. (OTCQB:MATN) reported the fruition of its licensing of OT-101/IL-2 combination to Autotelic BIO based on an agreement entered into between Oncotelic and Autotelic BIO, a South Korean Company, during 2018 (Press release, Mateon Therapeutics, JUN 10, 2020, View Source [SID1234560975]).

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OT-101 has received orphan drug designation for glioblastoma, melanoma, and pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, FDA recently granted Rare Pediatric Designation for OT-101 against diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG). OT-101 is also effective against coronavirus including COVID-19 and being deployed against the COVID-19 epidemic.

OT-101 has demonstrated robust efficacy against pancreatic cancer, glioblastoma, and melanoma during phase 2 clinical trials. The demonstration that OT-101 will synergize with IL-2 further demonstrate its utility as adjunct to other immunotherapies. Interleukin-2 (IL-2, Aldesleukin, PROLEUKIN) Immunotherapy is cancer treatment that stimulates the body’s immune system to fight cancer, such as melanoma.

"In addition to additional milestone payments under said agreement, Mateon also entitled to profit sharing and royalties arising from the commercialization and/or licensing of OT-101/IL-2 by Autotelic BIO," stated Amit Shah, CFO of Mateon Therapeutics. "We look forward to continue our collaboration with Autotelic BIO and to make this unique immunotherapy available to patients."

On June 10, 2020 NantKwest, Inc. (Nasdaq: NK), a clinical-stage, natural killer cell-based therapeutics company, reported the publication of two peer-reviewed manuscripts in the Journal of Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) (Free SITC Whitepaper) (Press release, NantKwest, JUN 10, 2020, https://ir.nantkwest.com/news-releases/news-release-details/nantkwest-announces-studies-collaboration-national-cancer?field_nir_news_date_value[min]= [SID1234560976]). These invitro and in-vivo studies, conducted in collaboration with the National Cancer Institute pursuant to a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement, support the mechanism and functionality of NantKwest’s clinical-stage engineered natural killer (NK) cell lines, haNK and first-in-class PD-L1 t-haNKTM, as effecting anti-tumor activity in treatment-refractory cancer types even in the hypoxemic setting of the solid tumor microenvironment.

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"These published studies provide important insight and validation for the mechanism and activity of our novel first-in-class engineered NK cells for use in notoriously difficult solid tumor types," said Patrick Soon-Shiong, M.D., Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of NantKwest. "NK cells have the potential to kill tumor cells; however, the hypoxic nature of the suppressive tumor environment has been shown to curb primary NK cell function. These published data indicate that our engineered haNK cells remain active in hypoxic conditions, which may be an important new mechanism of its anti-tumor activity. In addition, our NK cells appear to be resistant even to acute hypoxia and are capable of maintaining tumor killing activity in conditions comparable to a suppressive tumor microenvironment."

Dr. Soon-Shiong continued, "In addition, we are encouraged to observe anti-tumor activity in every cancer cell line tested by the investigators at NCI. The positive data in the in-vivo models of solid tumors with PD-L1 t-haNK, our engineered haNK cell line that also expresses a PD-L1 CAR, provides a novel approach to target tumors expressing PD-L1. This highly targeted NK cell therapy has the potential to address the evolution of tumors as they become resistant to chemotherapy, antibody therapy and, ultimately, checkpoint immunotherapy. We have hypothesized that cancer undergoes a quantum change and adapts to the therapy administered, resulting in the selection of resistant, cancer stem-like cells. It is at this stage of evolution where intractable tumors such as in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer and triple negative breast cancer, are deemed incurable. It is our belief that these cancer "stem" cells, which do not divide and hence are untouchable by chemotherapy, become resistant and render checkpoint therapy futile by not expressing t-cell receptor ligands. In the face of this immunosuppressive milieu, our PD-L1 t-haNK cells can act to kill these otherwise highly resistant cancer cells, as demonstrated by these two important reports by our colleagues at the NCI. Our clinical results in the first patient with advanced metastatic pancreatic cancer to have received PD-L1 t-haNK demonstrated a durable complete response."

Study highlights from the publication titled "Overcoming hypoxia-induced functional suppression of NK cells" include:

NantKwest haNK cells engineered to express a high-affinity CD16 receptor as well as internal interleukin (IL)-2 for increased antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and activation maintained killing activity under hypoxic conditions comparable to those of the suppressive tumor microenvironment, while healthy donor NK cell activity was significantly impaired
NK killing, serial killing and ADCC were maintained under hypoxia in haNK cells
haNK cells’ IL-2 is likely a driver of maintained killing capacity under hypoxic conditions
Study highlights from the article titled "PD-L1-targeting high-affinity NK cells (PD-L1 t-haNK) induce direct antitumor effects and target suppressive MDSC populations" include:

PD-L1.t-haNK cells engineered to express a high-affinity CD16 receptor, an internal interleukin (IL)-2 and PD-L1-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) broke down all 15 human tumor cell lines tested, including those modelling historically treatment-refractory cancers (triple negative breast cancer, lung, and urogenital cancer)
In vitro, the cytotoxicity of PD-L1 t-haNK cells was correlated to the PD-L1 expression of the tumor targets
In mouse models of solid tumors, PD-L1 t-haNK inhibited the growth of engrafted TNBC, lung and bladder tumors in mice without toxicity

On June 10, 2020 AbbVie (NYSE: ABBV) and Genmab A/S (Nasdaq: GMAB) reported that AbbVie and Genmab have signed a broad collaboration agreement to jointly develop and commercialize three of Genmab’s early-stage investigational bispecific antibody product candidates and enter into a discovery research collaboration for future differentiated antibody therapeutics for cancer (Press release, AbbVie, JUN 10, 2020, View Source [SID1234560959]). The companies will partner to develop Genmab’s next-generation bispecific antibody programs, epcoritamab (DuoBody-CD3xCD20), DuoHexaBody-CD37 and DuoBody-CD3x5T4. The collaboration combines Genmab’s world-class discovery and development engine and next-generation bispecific antibody therapeutic candidates with AbbVie’s deep clinical expertise, innovative antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) platform and global commercial leadership in hematological cancers.

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The discovery research collaboration will combine proprietary antibodies from both companies along with Genmab’s DuoBody technology and AbbVie’s payload and ADC technology to select and develop up to four additional differentiated next-generation antibody-based product candidates, potentially across both solid tumors and hematological malignancies. Genmab’s DuoBody-CD3 technology engages and directs cytotoxic T cells selectively to tumors to elicit an immune response towards malignant tumor cells. AbbVie’s ADC technology allows the delivery of a therapeutic toxin directly to cancer cells while sparing normal, healthy cells, providing for a more targeted, less toxic treatment approach.

"This transformative collaboration will allow us to accelerate, broaden and maximize the development of some of our promising early-stage bispecific antibodies, including epcoritamab, with the ultimate goal of bringing these potential therapies much faster to cancer patients," said Jan van de Winkel, Ph.D., Chief Executive Officer of Genmab. "Today’s announcement marks the beginning of a new journey for Genmab that combines our world-class knowledge in antibody biology and deep expertise in truly innovative next-generation antibody technology platforms, with AbbVie’s R&D prowess and their leadership position in hematological cancers."

"Epcoritamab is a strong fit for our robust hematological oncology franchise", said Michael Severino, M.D., Vice Chairman and President, AbbVie. "By combining the strengths of our two organizations, we can advance the treatment landscape for patients battling cancer."

Collaboration Details
This collaboration will provide for the joint development and commercialization of the three bispecific antibody therapeutic candidates. For epcoritamab, the companies will share commercial responsibilities in the U.S. and Japan, with AbbVie responsible for further global commercialization. Genmab will book net sales in the U.S. and Japan and receive tiered royalties on remaining global sales. For DuoHexaBody-CD37, DuoBody-CD3x5T4 and any product candidates developed as a result of the companies’ discovery research collaboration, Genmab and AbbVie will share responsibilities for global development and commercialization in the U.S. and Japan. Genmab retains the right to co-commercialize these products, along with AbbVie, outside of the U.S. and Japan. For the discovery research partnership, Genmab will conduct Phase 1 studies for these programs. AbbVie retains the right to opt-in to program development.

Financial Terms
Under the terms of the agreement, AbbVie will pay Genmab USD 750 million in upfront payment with the potential for Genmab to receive up to USD 3.15 billion in additional development, regulatory and sales milestone payments for all programs as well as tiered royalties between 22% and 26% on net sales for epcoritamab outside the U.S. and Japan. Except for these royalty-bearing sales, the parties share in pre-tax profits from the sale of products on a 50:50 basis. Included in these potential milestones are up to USD 1.15 billion in payments related to clinical development and commercial success across the three existing bispecific antibody programs. In addition, if all four next-generation antibody product candidates developed as a result of the discovery research collaboration are successful, Genmab is eligible to receive up to USD 2.0 billion in option exercise and success-based milestone payments.

Conference Call
Genmab will hold a conference call in English to discuss this news today, Wednesday, June 10, 2020, at 6:00 AM CDT / 7:00 AM EDT / 1:00 PM CEST. The dial in numbers are:

+1 855 857 0686 (US participants)
+44 3333000804 (international participants)

Confirmation code: 48035919

A live and archived webcast of the call and relevant slides will be available at www.genmab.com.

About Epcoritamab (DuoBody-CD3xCD20)
Epcoritamab (DuoBody-CD3xCD20) is a bispecific antibody created using Genmab’s proprietary DuoBody technology. Epcoritamab is designed to target CD3, which is expressed on T cells and is part of the T cell receptor signaling complex, and CD20, a clinically well validated therapeutic target. CD20 is expressed on a majority of B cell malignancies, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). In a number of laboratory models, epcoritamab has shown highly effective killing of CD20+ tumors and induced potent tumor cell lysis across a panel of B cell tumor lines. Epcoritamab is currently evaluated in a Phase 1/2 study for multiple hematological B cell malignancies.

Complete dose escalation data for epcoritamab was presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) 2020 (ASCO20) Virtual Scientific Program. The data and preliminary activity from the Phase 1/2 study of subcutaneous epcoritamab in patients with relapsed / refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) are highly encouraging showing substantial single-agent activity for epcoritamab with a manageable safety profile. In the study, epcoritamab induced rapid and deep responses in heavily pretreated patients with B-NHL across different subtypes and no dose-limiting toxicities were observed.

On June 10, 2020 Menarini Group, a privately held Italian pharmaceutical and diagnostics company, reported that is has successfully completed the acquisition of Stemline Therapeutics Inc., a commercial-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the development and commercialization of novel oncology therapeutics (Nasdaq: STML), for an aggregate cash consideration up to $677 million on a fully diluted basis (Press release, Menarini, JUN 10, 2020, View Source [SID1234560977]).

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The transaction, which was announced on 4 May 2020, strengthens Menarini’s oncology portfolio with the addition of both commercial and clinical-stage assets. Menarini acquired Stemline for an upfront payment of $11.50 per share in cash and one non-tradeable Contingent Value Right (CVR) that will entitle each holder to an additional $1.00 per share in cash upon completion of the first sale of ELZONRIS in any EU5 country after European Commission approval.

Stemline launched ELZONRIS for the treatment of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) in adult and pediatric patients, two years or older, following the approval by the United States Food and Drug Administration in December 2018. ELZONRIS is a novel targeted therapy directed to the interleukin-3 (IL-3) receptor-α (CD123), a target present on a wide range of malignancies. In parallel, Stemline has been evaluating ELZONRIS in clinical trials in additional indications including chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), myelofibrosis (MF), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and others. Stemline’s additional pipeline candidates include felezonexor (SL-801) (XPO1 inhibitor; Phase 1 in advanced solid tumor patients ongoing) and SL-1001 (RET kinase inhibitor, IND-enabling studies ongoing).

Elcin Barker Ergun, CEO of Menarini Group, commented, "We are very excited to complete the acquisition of Stemline and to welcome their accomplished team to Menarini. The addition of ELZONRIS, which has potential to treat many other malignancies, as well as the other attractive pipeline assets augments our research and development capabilities and will accelerate our efforts to deliver novel oncology therapeutics to patients in need."

About ELZONRIS

ELZONRIS (tagraxofusp), a targeted therapy directed to CD123, is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and commercially available in the U.S. for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients, two years or older, with BPDCN. For full prescribing information in the U.S., visit www.ELZONRIS.com. In Europe, a marketing authorization application (MAA) is under review by the European Medicines Agency (EMA).

ELZONRIS is also being evaluated in additional clinical trials in other CD123+ indications, including chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), myelofibrosis (MF), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and others are planned including a CD123+ all-comers trial.

About CD123

CD123 is a cell surface target expressed on a wide range of malignancies including blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN), certain myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) including chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) and myelofibrosis (MF), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (and potentially enriched in certain AML subsets), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). CD123 has also been reported on multiple myeloma (MM), acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL), hairy cell leukemia (HCL), Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL), and certain Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHL). In addition, CD123+ cells have been detected in the tumor microenvironment of several solid tumors as well as in certain autoimmune disorders including cutaneous lupus and scleroderma.

About BPDCN

BPDCN, formerly blastic NK-cell lymphoma, is an aggressive hematologic malignancy, often with cutaneous manifestations, with historically poor outcomes. BPDCN typically presents in the bone marrow and/or skin and may also involve lymph nodes and viscera. The BPDCN cell of origin is the plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) precursor. The diagnosis of BPDCN is based on the immunophenotypic diagnostic triad of CD123, CD4, and CD56, as well as other markers. The World Health Organization (WHO) termed this disease "BPDCN" in 2008; previous names included blastic NK cell lymphoma and agranular CD4+/CD56+ hematodermic neoplasm. For more information, please visit the BPDCN disease awareness website at www.bpdcninfo.com.

On June 10, 2020 Aptevo Therapeutics Inc. (Nasdaq: APVO), a biotechnology company focused on developing novel immuno-oncology therapeutics based on its proprietary ADAPTIR bispecific technology platform, and Alligator Bioscience AB (Nasdaq Stockholm: ATORX), a biotechnology company developing antibody-based pharmaceuticals for tumor-directed immunotherapy, reported that new preclinical data for ALG.APV-527 are being presented at the PEGS Virtual Interactive Global Summit, on June 10, 2020 in an oral presentation entitled, "ALG.APV-527: Tumor-directed T-cell stimulation, in vivo tumor regression, and safety studies of a 4-1BB x 5T4 ADAPTIR bispecific antibody (Press release, Alligator Bioscience, JUN 10, 2020, View Source [SID1234560960])."

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"Our latest preclinical data for ALG.APV-527 looks very encouraging and shows that ALG.APV-527 may overcome many of the limitations observed with other 4-1BB monoclonal antibody therapeutics by improving the biodistribution, efficacy and potential safety of this novel class of immunotherapies," said Jane Gross, Ph.D., Chief Scientific Officer for Aptevo. "Since ALG.APV-527 localizes at the tumor site, immune activation depends on binding with 5T4 tumor antigen to activate via 4-1BB, therefore limiting systemic activation seen with other 4-1BB agonists. Most interestingly, our latest preclinical data show the potential for a favorable safety profile for ALG.-APV-527. In a head-to-head comparison with a urelumab analogue in preclinical studies, ALG.APV-527 did not induce systemic T-cell activity at high doses, a key differentiator from other 4-1BB therapies."

ALG.APV-527 is a novel immunotherapeutic bispecific candidate intended for the treatment of multiple solid tumors expressing 5T4, a tumor-restricted antigen. 5T4 is an antigen that is highly expressed in a large percentage of solid tumors, including, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), head and neck cancer and mesothelioma. ALG.APV-527 is designed to activate anti-tumor responses by inducing signaling through the co-stimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137), which is an immune receptor that is upregulated on activated T cells and natural killer (NK) cells.

The preclinical data presented at the PEGS Virtual Interactive Global Summit show that ALG.APV-527 may overcome many of the limitations of competitor 4-1BB antibodies as it selectively enhances the function of activated T cells and NK cells in the presence of the tumor antigen 5T4, as shown in vitro, and potently rejects tumors in an in vivo animal model.

In a high-dose toxicity human 4-1BB knock-in murine study comparing ALG.APV-527 with a urelumab analogue, ALG.APV-527 was well tolerated at high doses with no evidence of systemic T-cell activation and no impact on body or spleen weight, whereas the urelumab analogue induced weight loss, systemic activation of T cells, and signs of ulcerative dermatitis.

In summary, the data presented at PEGS demonstrate that ALG.APV-527:

Enhances CD8+ T cell and NK function and proliferation upon 5T4-mediated engagement
Accumulates at 5T4-positive tumors in preclinical models
In an in vivo human 4-1BB knock-in model:
Induces rejection of established bladder cancer cells at low doses
Induces anti-tumor immunological memory responses
Does not induce systemic T-cell activation at high doses, which were observed in a side-by side comparison with a urelumab analogue

Is well tolerated after repeated dosing in a GLP toxicology study and displays an antibody-like half-life with a mean half-life of 8 days
"Our data supports that ALG.APV-527 has the potential to induce a strong anti-tumor immune response without systemic toxicity, which is exactly what we hoped to see," commented Christina Furebring, Ph.D., Vice President Projects at Alligator.

About ALG.APV-527
ALG.APV-527 is a bispecific antibody (4-1BB x 5T4) intended for tumor-directed treatment of solid cancers. ALG.APV-527 was built using Aptevo’s ADAPTIR bispecific platform and combines binding domains sourced from the ALLIGATOR-GOLD human scFv library. The ALG.APV-527 bispecific antibody consists of two moieties, one moiety activating tumor-specific T cells through the co-stimulatory receptor 4-1BB, the other moiety binding to the 5T4 protein displayed on the surface of tumor cells. This enables the immune-activating effect of ALG.APV-527 to be directed specifically to the tumor and not against normal tissue.