Compugen Reports Third Quarter 2019 Results

On November 11, 2019 Compugen Ltd. (NASDAQ: CGEN), a clinical-stage cancer immunotherapy company and a leader in predictive target discovery, reported financial results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2019 (Press release, Compugen, NOV 11, 2019, View Source [SID1234550882]).

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"Our first presentation of clinical data last week at SITC (Free SITC Whitepaper) 2019 is an important milestone for Compugen," said Anat Cohen-Dayag, Ph.D., President and CEO of Compugen. "We are encouraged by the initial signals of anti-tumor activity seen with COM701, a first-in-class PVRIG inhibitor, in the monotherapy dose escalation arm of the study treating a very challenging patient population. We believe these results lay a promising foundation for our ongoing and future studies and that our biomarker-driven strategy which focuses on indications we prioritized as most relevant to the PVRIG pathway has the potential to maximize the clinical impact of COM701. We look forward to testing our clinical hypotheses as we advance COM701 to the next stages of our Phase 1 study."

Dr. Cohen-Dayag continued, "In addition to our progress with COM701, we have advanced COM902, our anti-TIGIT antibody, closer to the clinic with the IND clearance received from the FDA. Initiating clinical trials with our second internally developed asset next year will be another important milestone, and we are particularly enthusiastic given the COM902 preclinical data that were also presented at SITC (Free SITC Whitepaper) last week, which further demonstrated that together with a PVRIG inhibitor these two complementary assets have the potential to synergistically address a biologically meaningful axis and possibly improve patient outcomes. Including the Bayer collaboration program targeting ILDR2, COM902 marks the third program to be evaluated in the clinic addressing new drug targets we discovered. We are proud of this remarkable achievement and remain committed to advancing our computationally discovered programs to possibly expand cancer immunotherapy treatment options for patients unresponsive or refractory to existing therapies."

Recent Corporate Highlights

Presented preliminary clinical findings from the ongoing Phase 1 trial of COM701 in patients with advanced solid tumors at the 34th Annual Meeting of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) (Free SITC Whitepaper) (SITC 2019)
COM701 was well-tolerated with no dose-limiting toxicities observed.
Initial signals of anti-tumor activity were observed in the heavily pretreated, all comers patient population enrolled in the study.
Presented trial-in-progress data at SITC (Free SITC Whitepaper) 2019 from the Phase 1 study evaluating COM701 as a monotherapy and in combination with Opdivo (nivolumab)
No dose-limiting toxicities were observed through the third dose level of COM701 with Opdivo.
Enrollment for the eighth dose level of COM701 monotherapy as well as the fourth dose level of COM701 with Opdivo are ongoing at IV Q4 weeks schedule.
Announced Investigational New Drug (IND) application clearance by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for COM902. A Phase 1 trial in patients with advanced malignancies is expected to begin in early 2020.
Presented new preclinical data on COM902 at SITC (Free SITC Whitepaper) 2019, supporting its potential role as a cancer immunotherapy treatment in combination with COM701 and PD-1 inhibitors.
Granted EPO Patent No. EP3347379 by The European Patent Office, which covers the composition of matter and use of COM902.
Granted U.S. Patent No. 10,351,625 by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, which covers the method of use of COM701 in combination with any anti-PD-1 antibody.
Financial Results

R&D expenses for the third quarter ended September 30, 2019, were $4.3 million, compared with $7.8 million for the comparable period in 2018. The decrease in R&D expenses was primarily due to the decrease in preclinical activities related to COM902, most of which were completed in 2018, and the cost reduction measures announced by the Company in the first quarter of 2019.

Net loss for the third quarter of 2019 was $6.5 million, or $0.1 per basic and diluted share, compared with a net loss of $3.1 million, or $0.05 per basic and diluted share, in the comparable period of 2018.

As of September 30, 2019, cash, cash equivalents, short-term bank deposits and restricted cash totaled $47.6 million, compared with $45.7 million as of December 31, 2018. The Company has no debt.

Conference Call and Webcast Information

The Company will hold a conference call today, November 11, 2019, at 8:30 am ET to review its third quarter 2019 results and SITC (Free SITC Whitepaper) poster presentations. To access the conference call by telephone, please dial 1-888-668-9141 from the United States, or +972-3-918-0609 internationally. The call will also be available via live webcast through Compugen’s website, located at the following link. Following the live audio webcast, a replay will be available on the Company’s website.

FibroGen Reports Third Quarter 2019 Financial Results

On November 11, 2019 FibroGen, Inc. (NASDAQ: FGEN) reported financial results for the third quarter of 2019 and provided an update on the company’s recent developments (Press release, FibroGen, NOV 11, 2019, View Source [SID1234550937]).

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"The FibroGen team achieved many milestones over the past few months, culminating with the positive Phase 3 results for roxadustat reported at the American Society of Nephrology conference last week in Washington, D.C.," said Jim Schoeneck, Interim Chief Executive Officer, FibroGen. "This set of global studies covered the spectrum of chronic kidney disease anemia and is believed to be the largest and most comprehensive ever reported. We expect the positive cardiovascular safety data, comparing roxadustat to placebo in non-dialysis patients and to epoetin alfa in patients on dialysis, along with the superior efficacy results, can serve as the basis for regulatory approval in the U.S. and other jurisdictions. We plan to submit an NDA in the U.S. by the end of this quarter for both dialysis and non-dialysis patients with our partner AstraZeneca, and an MAA in Europe by the end of first quarter 2020 by our partner Astellas, followed by submissions to other regulatory authorities.

"In addition, roxadustat is now approved for CKD patients with anemia in China and was approved in Japan for anemia in CKD patients on dialysis. Our other clinical programs advanced, as we initiated our roxadustat Phase 2 study to treat anemia in patients receiving chemotherapy and enrolled the first patients in our pamrevlumab Phase 3 programs for both idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (ZEPHYRUS) and locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPIS).

"These major accomplishments demonstrate our commitment to the vision set by FibroGen’s founder and long-time CEO and Chairman, Tom Neff. We mourn his unexpected passing and are grateful for his leadership and rare ability to recognize and advance scientific innovation."

Recent Developments – Roxadustat

Roxadustat is a novel, oral, first-in-class treatment for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with anemia, discovered by FibroGen and developed globally in conjunction with our partners AstraZeneca and Astellas. Groundbreaking science on the body’s oxygen-sensing mechanism and adaptation to hypoxia was awarded the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine and serves as the foundation for the mechanism of action for roxadustat. Roxadustat increases hemoglobin by mimicking the body’s natural response to low oxygen.

American Society of Nephrology Kidney Week Presentations – November 6-9, 2019

Clinical results presented from six roxadustat Phase 3 studies comprising over 8,000 anemia patients with chronic kidney disease, as well as pooled results for patients not on dialysis and on dialysis, including an incident dialysis subgroup

For additional data presented, please see our November 8, 2019 press release. Please also see our website for FibroGen’s ASN presentations

Cardiovascular Safety Confirmed: In both non-dialysis dependent and dialysis dependent CKD anemia patients:

Non-Dialysis Dependent (NDD) (n=4270):

Risk of MACE, MACE+, and all-cause mortality in roxadustat patients was comparable to placebo based on a reference non-inferiority margin of 1.3

NDD results are based on ITT long-term follow-up analysis method agreed with the FDA

Dialysis Dependent (DD) (n=3880):

Risk of MACE and all-cause mortality in roxadustat patients were not increased compared to the active comparator, epoetin alfa

Roxadustat patients had a 14% lower risk of MACE+ than epoetin alfa patients

Incident Dialysis (ID) Subgroup (n=1526): In the clinically important ID subgroup of patients, initiating dialysis within 4 months prior to randomization:

Roxadustat patients had a 30% lower risk of MACE than epoetin alfa

Roxadustat patients had a 34% lower risk of MACE+ than epoetin alfa

Roxadustat patients had a trend towards lower all-cause mortality compared to epoetin alfa

Endpoint definitions, using centrally adjudicated events:

Time to first Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE), a composite endpoint including all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, and stroke

Time to first MACE+, referring to MACE plus unstable angina and heart failure requiring hospitalization

Time to all-cause mortality

Primary Efficacy Endpoints Met in all Individual Studies and Pooled Analyses

Met primary efficacy endpoint of mean change in hemoglobin (Hb) from baseline to average Hb weeks 28-52 in each of the six individual studies and in each of the two pooled efficacy analyses

Statistically superior to placebo in the NDD pool

Statistically superior to epoetin alfa in the DD pool

Other Pooled Efficacy Analyses

Non-Dialysis Dependent

In the pooled analysis, roxadustat was superior to placebo, with significantly larger Hb increase than placebo regardless of iron-repletion status at baseline

Roxadustat treatment reduced the need for rescue treatment and red blood cell transfusion (RBC) compared to placebo

Roxadustat slowed the decline in renal function compared to placebo in patients eGFR >= 15

Roxadustat reduced LDL cholesterol

Dialysis Dependent

The larger Hb increase in patients treated with roxadustat vs. epoetin alfa was particularly notable in patients with inflammation (elevated CRP level)

Roxadustat treatment reduced the need for RBC transfusion compared to epoetin alfa

Less IV iron was required in patients receiving roxadustat versus patients receiving epoetin alfa

Other Recent Developments, Recognition and Future Milestones

Roxadustat U.S. and EU Regulatory Timelines

Expect to submit U.S. NDA for roxadustat for the treatment of anemia in CKD patients both on dialysis and not on dialysis this quarter

Astellas expected to submit the Marketing Authorization Application (MAA) to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) within the second half of their 2019 fiscal year, ending March 2020

Roxadustat for Anemia in CKD – Approvals and Market Activity

Expanded approval of roxadustat (China tradename: 爱瑞卓) in China to include the treatment of anemia in CKD patients who are not dialysis-dependent

Roxadustat (Japan tradename: Evrenzo) approved in Japan for the treatment of anemia associated with CKD in dialysis patients

First prescriptions written for roxadustat for patients in China

FibroGen booked commercial product revenue for the first time (China)

Roxadustat received the 2019 Dushu Lake Prize 独墅湖杯 in China for "On-Market Innovative Drug with Highest Clinical Value"

Results from the two China Phase 3 studies published in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM)

Development Programs

Roxadustat for Anemia in Oncology

Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

Clinical proof-of-concept study accepted for oral presentation at the 2019 American Society of Hematology (ASH) (Free ASH Whitepaper) Annual Meeting

Randomized placebo-controlled portion of global Phase 3 study ongoing

Chemotherapy-Induced Anemia (CIA)

Initiated patient dosing in Phase 2 study

Pamrevlumab for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF)

Initiated dosing in the pivotal ZEPHYRUS Phase 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Pamrevlumab for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer (LAPC)

Initiated dosing in the pivotal LAPIS Phase 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Pamrevlumab for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD)

Expect to meet with the FDA this quarter to discuss clinical development plan

Corporate and Financial

Net loss for the third quarter of 2019 was $49.4 million, or $0.57 net loss per basic and diluted share, compared to a net loss of $42.6 million, or $0.50 net loss per basic and diluted share one year ago

At September 30, 2019, FibroGen had $666.5 million in cash, restricted time deposits, cash equivalents, investments, and receivables

Conference Call and Webcast Details

FibroGen will host a conference call and webcast today, Monday, November 11, 2019, at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time (2:00 p.m. Pacific Time) to discuss financial results and provide a business update. A live audio webcast of the call may be accessed in the investor section of the company’s website, www.fibrogen.com. To participate in the conference call by telephone, please dial 1 (888) 771-4371 (U.S. and Canada) or 1 (847) 585-4405 (international), reference the FibroGen third quarter 2019 financial results conference call, and use confirmation number 49132826. A replay of the webcast will be available shortly after the call for a period of four weeks. To access the replay, please dial 1 (888) 843-7419 (domestic) or 1 (630) 652-3042 (international), and use passcode 4132826.

About Roxadustat

Roxadustat (FG-4592) is a first-in-class, orally administered small molecule HIF-PH inhibitor that promotes erythropoiesis through increasing endogenous production of erythropoietin, improving iron regulation, and overcoming the negative impact of inflammation on hemoglobin syntheses and red blood cell production by downregulating hepcidin. Administration of roxadustat has been shown to induce coordinated erythropoiesis, increasing red blood cell count while maintaining plasma erythropoietin levels within or near normal physiologic range in multiple subpopulations of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, including in the presence of inflammation and without a need for supplemental intravenous iron. Roxadustat is currently approved in China for the treatment of anemia in CKD patients on dialysis and patients not on dialysis and approved in Japan for the treatment of anemia in CKD patients on dialysis. Roxadustat is in Phase 3 clinical development in the U.S. and Europe and in Phase 2/3 development in China for anemia associated with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), and in a Phase 2 U.S. trial for treatment of chemotherapy-induced anemia.

Astellas and FibroGen are collaborating on the development and commercialization of roxadustat for the treatment of anemia in territories including Japan, Europe, the Commonwealth of Independent States, the Middle East, and South Africa. AstraZeneca and FibroGen are collaborating on the development and commercialization of roxadustat for the treatment of anemia in the U.S., China, and other markets in the Americas and in Australia/New Zealand as well as Southeast Asia.

About Pamrevlumab

Pamrevlumab is a first-in-class antibody developed by FibroGen to inhibit the activity of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), a common factor in fibrotic and proliferative disorders characterized by persistent and excessive scarring that can lead to organ dysfunction and failure. Pamrevlumab is in Phase 3 clinical development for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and for the treatment of locally advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer (LAPC), and in Phase 2 clinical development for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has granted Orphan Drug Designation to pamrevlumab for the treatment of patients with IPF, LAPC, and DMD. Pamrevlumab has also received Fast Track designation from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of patients with IPF and LAPC. Across all clinical studies, pamrevlumab has consistently demonstrated a good safety and tolerability profile to date. For information about pamrevlumab studies currently recruiting patients, please visit www.clinicaltrials.gov.

ASLAN PHARMACEUTICALS ANNOUNCES TOPLINE RESULTS FROM TREETOPP GLOBAL PIVOTAL STUDY OF VARLITINIB IN BILIARY TRACT CANCER

On November 11, 2019 ASLAN Pharmaceuticals (Nasdaq:ASLN, TPEx:6497), a clinical-stage oncology and immunology focused biopharma company, reported topline data from the TreeTopp (TREatmEnT OPPortunity with varlitinib in biliary tract cancer) study in second line biliary tract cancer (BTC) patients (Press release, ASLAN Pharmaceuticals, NOV 11, 2019, View Source [SID1234550867]). Varlitinib did not met the primary endpoints of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall response rate (ORR) as assessed by ICR according to RECIST. The safety findings were consistent with the known profile of varlitinib.

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The global, double-blind, randomised two-arm study enrolled 127 patients, who had failed first line therapy, from 56 sites in the US, Europe, Japan, Australia and other Asian countries. The median PFS was 2.83 months for varlitinib in combination with capecitabine arm of the study versus median PFS of 2.79 in the control arm. ORR was 9.4% in the varlitinib arm versus 4.8% in the control arm.

Although the trial did not reach statistical significance, pre-planned exploratory analyses did identify a sub-group which appeared to show improved efficacy. This finding has been supported by retrospective review of the JADETREE study which tested varlitinib in combination with capecitabine in second line BTC patients in China. Further analysis of the data is ongoing.

Dr Carl Firth, Chief Executive Officer of ASLAN Pharmaceuticals, said: "The results from the study are disappointing. They will, however, provide the scientific community with important insights into an aggressive and under-researched disease that presents a growing burden of care worldwide as prevalence rises. I would like to extend our thanks to the patients, trial investigators and site personnel who participated in the study and to the ASLAN team for their commitment to the development of varlitinib. ASLAN remains focused on the promising molecules in its portfolio, including the ongoing study in atopic dermatitis of ASLAN004, our IL-13 receptor antibody which blocks signalling through IL-4 and IL-13. We look forward to the interim readout in early 2020."

About varlitinib

Varlitinib (ASLAN001) is a highly potent, oral, reversible, small molecule pan-HER inhibitor that targets the human epidermal growth factor receptors HER1, HER2 and HER4. These receptors can be mutated or overexpressed in many tumours, which can cause excessive proliferative activity and uncontrolled growth. Therefore, by inhibiting the activation of the HER receptors, varlitinib could inhibit proliferation and control tumour growth. Varlitinib has been granted orphan drug designation in the United States for gastric cancer and cholangiocarcinoma, a sub-type of biliary tract cancer, and was awarded orphan drug designation for the treatment of biliary tract cancer by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in South Korea. Varlitinib is currently being tested in combination with paclitaxel in an ongoing investigator-initiated phase 2 umbrella study in second line HER1/HER2 gastric cancer (the K-MASTER study).

Zimmer Biomet Holdings to Present at Piper Jaffray’s 31st Annual Healthcare Conference

On November 11, 2019 Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc. (NYSE and SIX: ZBH), a global leader in musculoskeletal healthcare, reported that it will participate in the Piper Jaffray Annual Healthcare Conference at the Lotte New York Palace in New York City (Press release, Zimmer Holdings, NOV 11, 2019, View Source [SID1234550883]). Bryan Hanson, President and Chief Executive Officer and Suky Upadhyay, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, will present for the company on Wednesday, December 4, 2019, at 11:30 a.m. Eastern Time.

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A live webcast of the presentation can be accessed via Zimmer Biomet’s Investor Relations website at https://investor.zimmerbiomet.com. The webcast will be archived for replay following the conference.

Chi-Med Announces NDA Acceptance in China for Surufatinib in Non-Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

On November 11, 2019 Hutchison China MediTech Limited ("Chi-Med") (AIM/Nasdaq: HCM) reported that its New Drug Application ("NDA") for surufatinib for the treatment of patients with advanced non-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors ("NET") has been accepted for review by the China National Medical Products Administration (Press release, Hutchison China MediTech, NOV 11, 2019, View Source [SID1234551038]).

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The NDA is supported by data from the successful SANET-ep study, a Phase III study of surufatinib in advanced neuroendocrine tumors – extra-pancreatic patients in China for whom there is no effective therapy. The positive results of this trial were highlighted in an oral presentation at the 2019 European Society for Medical Oncology Congress on September 29, 2019.

Christian Hogg, Chief Executive Officer of Chi-Med commented, "This NDA filing puts us on track for the potential approval and launch of surufatinib in China, an important development for NET patients with limited treatment options. In order to maximize patient access to surufatinib upon regulatory approval, we are now building our own dedicated commercial oncology organization and expect to be ready to cover all relevant hospitals and clinics in China at the time of launch."

"We believe surufatinib has robust efficacy, tolerability and combinability with a dual angio-immuno kinase inhibition profile, which may make it an attractive treatment in China," Mr. Hogg added.

Chi-Med currently retains all worldwide rights to surufatinib. Surufatinib is under investigation in multiple solid tumors in China, the U.S. and Europe, both as a monotherapy and in combination with immunotherapies.

Surufatinib is Chi-Med’s second in-house discovered novel oncology drug to reach NDA submission in China, following the launch of fruquintinib last year for colorectal cancer under the brand name Elunate.

About Neuroendocrine Tumors (NET)

Neuroendocrine tumors form in cells that interact with the nervous system or in glands that produce hormones. They can originate in various parts of the body, most often in the gut or the lungs and can be benign or malignant. Neuroendocrine tumors are typically classified as pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors or other neuroendocrine tumors. Approved targeted therapies include Sutent and Afinitor for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, or well-differentiated, non-functional gastrointestinal or lung neuroendocrine tumors.

According to Frost and Sullivan, there were 19,000 newly diagnosed cases of neuroendocrine tumors in the U.S. in 2018. Importantly, neuroendocrine tumors are associated with a relatively long duration of survival compared to other tumors. As a result, there were approximately 141,000 estimated patients living with neuroendocrine tumors in the U.S. in 2018 of which over 90%, or approximately 132,000, were non-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor patients.

In China, there were approximately 67,600 newly diagnosed neuroendocrine tumor patients in 2018 and, considering the current incidence to prevalence ratio in China, potentially as many as 300,000 patients living with the disease in the country1. It is estimated that approximately 80% of the patients living with neuroendocrine tumors in China are non-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor patients.

About SANET-ep

SANET-ep is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center, Phase III study comparing surufatinib orally daily with placebo in patients with low- or intermediate-grade advanced extra-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors for whom there is no effective therapy. In June 2019, a 198 patient interim analysis was conducted, leading the Independent Data Monitoring

Committee (IDMC) to determine that the study met the pre-defined primary endpoint of progression-free survival ("PFS") and should be stopped early. 84% of the patients in the study had disease with pathological grade 2. 41% of patients had disease originating outside of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the lung or with unknown origin.

Surufatinib reduced the risk of progression or death by 67%. Median PFS per investigator assessment was 9.2 months for patients treated with surufatinib, as compared to 3.8 months for patients in the placebo group (hazard ratio [HR] 0.334; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.223-0.499; p<0.0001). The efficacy of surufatinib was seen across all subgroups, and supported by statistically significant improvement as measured by secondary efficacy endpoints including objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), time to response (TTR), duration of response (DoR), safety, and tolerability. Efficacy was also supported by Blinded Independent Image Review Committee (BIIRC) assessment. Overall survival (OS) data was not mature, with only 18.7% OS events at data cut-off. The safety profile was consistent with observations in prior clinical studies. Additional details may be found at clinicaltrials.gov, using identifier NCT02588170.

About Surufatinib

Surufatinib (previously known as HMPL-012 or sulfatinib) is a novel, oral angio-immuno kinase inhibitor that selectively inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity associated with vascular endothelial growth factor receptors ("VEGFR") and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), which both inhibit angiogenesis, and colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R), which regulates tumor-associated macrophages, promoting the body’s immune response against tumor cells. Its unique dual mechanism of action may be very suitable for possible combinations with other immunotherapies. Surufatinib is in several late-stage and proof-of-concept clinical trials in China and proof-of-concept clinical trials in the U.S.

According to Frost & Sullivan, the market for VEGF/VEGFR inhibitors in China has grown from US$500 million in 2015 to over US$1.5 billion in 2019 and is expected to reach US$5 billion by 2026.

Chi-Med currently retains all rights to surufatinib worldwide.

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in China: In 2016, we initiated the SANET-p study, which is a pivotal Phase III study in patients with low- or intermediate-grade, advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in China. The primary endpoint is PFS. We expect an interim analysis in the first half of 2020 and enrollment to complete in 2020 (clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02589821).

Neuroendocrine tumors in the U.S. and Europe: The encouraging data from the Phase II and Phase III studies of surufatinib in neuroendocrine tumors in China (clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02267967), and the ongoing Phase Ib study in the U.S. (clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02549937), have led us to decide to proceed with planning a registration study in neuroendocrine tumors patients.

Biliary tract cancer in China: In March 2019, we initiated a Phase IIb/III study comparing surufatinib with capecitabine in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer whose disease progressed on first-line chemotherapy. The primary endpoint is OS (clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT03873532).

Immunotherapy combinations: In November 2018 and September 2019, we entered into collaboration agreements to evaluate the safety, tolerability and efficacy of surufatinib in combination with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibodies. This included global collaborations to evaluate the combination of surufatinib with Tuoyi, approved in China by Shanghai Junshi Biosciences Co. Ltd, and with Tyvyt, approved in China by Innovent Biologics, Inc.