On March 14, 2025 Photocure ASA (OSE: PHO), the Bladder Cancer Company, reported the publication of the study "Oncologic Outcomes of Blue Light Cystoscopy in an Equal Access Setting: Results of the BRAVO study" in JU Open Plus this week (Press release, PhotoCure, MAR 14, 2025, View Source [SID1234651155]). The research objective was to assess if blue light cystoscopy (BLC) aided TURBT has an impact on the clinical outcomes of patients with NMIBC*. Results of the real-world evidence study show that BLC was associated with a statistically significant 38% reduction in risk of recurrence compared to white light cystoscopy (WLC) use alone in a predominantly high-risk NMIBC patient cohort. These results are in line with prior results from multiple randomized controlled clinical trials.

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The BRAVO study (Bladder Cancer Recurrence Analysis in Veterans and Outcomes) is a propensity score matched, retrospective analysis evaluating clinical outcomes following BLC compared to WLC alone in patients from the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System.

626 patients were included in this study, 313 in each study arm (WLC versus BLC). Outcomes data for BRAVO was measured at a 3-year time point in a predominately high-risk patient population. Median age at diagnosis was 71 years. Median follow-up was 3.7 years.

Study results include:

Risk of recurrence at 3-years was significantly reduced following BLC vs. WLC (HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.45-0.86; p<0.01). The 38% reduction in the risk of recurrence is in line with prior results from multiple randomized controlled clinical trials. A positive trend for reduction in risk of progression was also observed (HR=0.71; 95% CI, 0.37-1.38; p=0.32) at 3-years although not statistically significant due to a low number of patients progressing on the study.
The study indicates that use of BLC can drive treatment decisions that lead to improved outcomes. Specifically highlighted in the study was that BLC patients were significantly more likely to receive intravesical BCG therapy (61% vs 43%; p<0.01) or intravesical chemotherapy (48% vs 27%, p<0.01). This data supports reasoning that using BLC enhances a clinician’s ability to decide on the appropriate bladder cancer therapy based on precision risk stratification and a more complete TURBT.
The Veterans’ Affairs (VA) Healthcare system accepts all U.S. Veterans, regardless of financial background, and retains its patients, allowing for high-quality data capture over a long-term follow-up period, therefore serving as a robust real-world model for equal access.

"Bladder cancer detection plays an important role in preventing cancer recurrence and optimizing appropriate treatment pathways, as previous research has shown that WLC alone may not comprehensively detect all NMIBCs. In this propensity-score matched cohort study, we found that the use of BLC vs. WLC alone was associated with significantly decreased 38% risk of recurrence. Our results are in line with the recent Cochrane review of nearly 3,000 patients across 15 randomized trials, where the authors found that that BLC may reduce the risk of bladder cancer recurrence by 34%. These data support current AUA/SUO guidelines recommending BLC usage in patients with NMIBC to increase detection and decrease recurrence", said Dr. Steven Williams, Professor and Chief of the Division of Urology, at the University of Texas-Medical Branch, and one of the study authors.

"The exciting long-term real-world results from the BRAVO study complement and confirm the generalizability of prior recurrence outcomes with BLC beyond the randomized controlled trial setting, reflecting a routine clinical practice patient population", said Anders Neijber, Chief Medical Officer of Photocure.

Read the full publication here: View Source

An editorial to the publication can be found here: View Source

*NMIBC: Non muscle-invasive bladder cancer

Note to editors:

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About Bladder Cancer
Bladder cancer ranks as the 8th most common cancer worldwide – the 5th most common in men – with 1 949 000 prevalent cases (5-year prevalence rate)1a, 614 000 new cases and more than 220 000 deaths in 2022.1b
Approx. 75% of all bladder cancer cases occur in men.1 It has a high recurrence rate with up to 61% in year one and up to 78% over five years.2 Bladder cancer has the highest lifetime treatment costs per patient of all cancers.3
Bladder cancer is a costly, potentially progressive disease for which patients have to undergo multiple cystoscopies due to the high risk of recurrence. There is an urgent need to improve both the diagnosis and the management of bladder cancer for the benefit of patients and healthcare systems alike.
Bladder cancer is classified into two types, non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), depending on the depth of invasion in the bladder wall. NMIBC remains in the inner layer of cells lining the bladder. These cancers are the most common (75%) of all BC cases and include the subtypes Ta, carcinoma in situ (CIS) and T1 lesions. In MIBC the cancer has grown into deeper layers of the bladder wall. These cancers, including subtypes T2, T3 and T4, are more likely to spread and are harder to treat.

About Hexvix/Cysview (hexaminolevulinate HCl)
Hexvix/Cysview is a drug that preferentially accumulates in cancer cells in the bladder, making them glow bright pink during Blue Light Cystoscopy (BLC). BLC with Hexvix/Cysview, compared to standard white light cystoscopy alone, improves the detection of tumors and leads to more complete resection, fewer residual tumors, and better management decisions.
Cysview is the tradename in the U.S. and Canada, Hexvix is the tradename in all other markets. Photocure is commercializing Cysview/Hexvix directly in the U.S. and Europe and has strategic partnerships for the commercialization of Hexvix/Cysview in China, Chile, Australia, New Zealand and Israel. Please refer to View Source for further information on our commercial partners.
The following safety information is solely included to comply with U.S. regulatory requirements: Important Risk & Safety Information for Cysview (hexaminolevulinate HCl)

On March 14, 2025 CEL-SCI Corporation (NYSE American: CVM) reported that a third-party study published on March 6, 2025 in JAMA Oncology titled "Neoadjuvant Nivolumab Plus Chemotherapy Followed by Response-Stratified Chemoradiation Therapy in HPV-Negative Head and Neck Cancer: The DEPEND Phase 2 Non-randomized Clinical Trial" provided data that support Multikine’s use as a neoadjuvant treatment in patients with tumors having low PD-L1 expression in its upcoming confirmatory head and neck cancer Registration Trial (Press release, Cel-Sci, MAR 14, 2025, View Source [SID1234651156]).

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"With these latest findings published in JAMA, industry is taking notice. We believe there is growing interest in Multikine as an advanced clinical stage asset that can prolong life for about 70% of head and neck cancer patients whose tumors have low PD-L1 expression," stated CEL-SCI’s CEO Geert Kersten.

The DEPEND study evaluated nivolumab as a neoadjuvant immunotherapy in human papilloma virus (HPV)–negative locoregionally advanced head and neck cancer. Nivolumab is already an FDA approved treatment for recurrent metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. The authors of the JAMA publication stated: "Taken together the DEPEND results further support the importance of PD-L1 expression as a predictive biomarker with immunotherapy trials in curative intent setting and may be an important selection criterion in subsequent trials".

The findings of the DEPEND study are very important and timely. They are similar to the findings in CEL-SCI’s Phase 3 study, namely that PD-L1 inhibitors such as Opdivo work best in patients who have high levels of PD-L1, but do not work well in patients with low or zero levels of PD-L1. Conversely, Multikine, which has a very different mechanism of action, worked best in patients who have low to zero levels of PD-L1. This underscores the potential of Multikine to address a critical unmet need amongst newly diagnosed head and neck cancer patients whose tumors have low PD-L1 expression, representing about 70% of this patient population.

The DEPEND Phase 2 data also confirm the independent findings reviewed by the FDA’s recent Oncologic Advisory Committee meeting (September 2024) on the use of checkpoint inhibitors including blockbuster drugs nivolumab and pembrolizumab, which appear to not work well in patients with low PD-L1 expression. To CEL-SCI’s knowledge, Multikine is the only oncology drug with solid data showing overall survival benefit when used as a neoadjuvant treatment in newly diagnosed locally advanced head and neck cancer patients whose tumors have low PD-L1 expression.

Multikine is an investigational cancer immunotherapy (treatment) given to newly diagnosed head and neck cancer patients before the primary standard of care treatment. CEL-SCI’s confirmatory Registration Trial, which has received the FDA’s go-ahead, will enroll patients with previously untreated resectable disease, stage 3 and 4 head and neck cancer who have low PD-L1 tumor expression and no lymph node involvement. During CEL-SCI’s completed Phase 3 clinical trial, the 5-year survival rate of this target patient population increased to 73% when patients were treated with Multikine before standard of care vs 45% for control patients who received only the standard of care treatments.

On March 13, 2025 PDS Biotechnology Corporation (Nasdaq: PDSB) ("PDS Biotech" or the "Company"), a late-stage immunotherapy company focused on transforming how the immune system targets and kills cancers, reported that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has cleared its Investigational New Drug ("IND") application filed in January 2025 to evaluate a combination of Versamune MUC1 (formerly PDS0103), its novel investigational MUC1-targeted immunotherapy candidate + PDS01ADC to treat MUC1-positive unresectable, metastatic colorectal carcinoma ("mCRC") in patients who failed previous treatment (Press release, PDS Biotechnology, MAR 13, 2025, View Source [SID1234651130]).

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"MUC1 is over-expressed in multiple solid tumors including colon, pancreatic, ovarian, breast, and NSCLC, and is associated with drug resistance and poor patient outcomes. This results in an unmet need for more effective, safer, better-tolerated targeted treatment options. Versamune MUC1 targets mCRC tumors that are MUC1-positive and will be studied in Proficient Mismatch Repair/Microsatellite Stable mCRC, which accounts for 95% of patients with mCRC. These tumors are typically more resistant to current immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, and second-line chemotherapy," said Kirk Shepard, M.D., PDS Biotech’s Chief Medical Officer. "Targeting MUC1 with an immunotherapy that elicits a strong and durable tumor-infiltrating T-cell response could represent a major advancement in cancer treatment."

The National Cancer Institute ("NCI"), under its Cooperative Research and Development Agreement ("CRADA") with PDS Biotech, will lead the Phase 1/2 clinical trial evaluating the combination of Versamune MUC1 + PDS01ADC in recurrent/metastatic colorectal cancer.

"The IND clearance of Versamune MUC1 marks progress for our Versamune platform and its potential to expand beyond HPV-related cancers," said Frank Bedu-Addo, PhD, President and Chief Executive Officer of PDS Biotech. "Though our focus remains on our recently initiated VERSATILE-003 Phase 3 clinical trial in HPV16-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, we are pleased to support the NCI investigation of a therapy that shows promise in driving strong, durable anti-tumor immune responses."

U.S. Patent #12,201,685 covers the methods of using the proprietary combination of Versamune and cytokines to overcome immune suppression in the tumor and improve the anti-tumor immune response.

On March 13, 2025 Cartesian Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ: RNAC) (the "Company"), a clinical-stage biotechnology company pioneering mRNA cell therapy for autoimmune diseases, reported financial results for the full year ended December 31, 2024, and outlined recent corporate updates (Press release, Cartesian Therapeutics, MAR 13, 2025, View Source [SID1234651131]).

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"Following a year marked by tremendous progress, we remain committed to advancing our pipeline of mRNA cell therapies designed to be dosed in the convenient outpatient setting, without the need for preconditioning chemotherapy," said Carsten Brunn, Ph.D., President and Chief Executive Officer of Cartesian. "Notably, we remain on track to commence our planned Phase 3 AURORA trial of Descartes-08 in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) in the first half of this year. Supported by positive results from our Phase 2b trial demonstrating deep and durable improvements for Descartes-08-treated participants, along with our Special Protocol Assessment (SPA) agreement with U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), we are confident that we have a clear path toward potential approval of this promising new therapy."

Dr. Brunn continued, "Beyond MG, we remain on track to report preliminary data from our ongoing Phase 2 open-label trial of Descartes-08 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and expect to initiate our Phase 2 pediatric basket trial of Descartes-08 in select autoimmune diseases in the second half of this year. With these anticipated milestones, along with our strong balance sheet, we believe we are well-positioned to deliver on our mission to expand the reach of cell therapy to autoimmunity."

Recent Pipeline Progress and Anticipated Milestones

•Phase 3 AURORA Trial of Descartes-08 in MG on Track to Commence in the First Half of 2025. The randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 3 AURORA trial is designed to assess Descartes-08 versus placebo (1:1 randomization) administered as six once weekly outpatient infusions without preconditioning chemotherapy in approximately 100 participants with acetylcholine receptor autoantibody positive (AChR Ab+) MG. The primary endpoint will assess the proportion of Descartes-08 participants with an improvement in MG Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) score of three points or more at Month 4 compared to placebo. Descartes-08, Cartesian’s lead product candidate, is an autologous anti-B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) mRNA-engineered chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (mRNA CAR-T).
In January 2025, Cartesian announced that it has received written agreement from the FDA under the SPA process on the overall design of the planned Phase 3 AURORA trial. The SPA agreement indicates that the FDA has determined that the proposed trial design is acceptable to support a future Biologics License Application for Descartes-08 in MG, subject to the ultimate outcome of the trial.

•Announced Positive Updated Results from Phase 2b Trial of Descartes-08 in Participants with MG, with Deepening Response Observed Over Time, Durable Through Month 12. In December 2024, the Company announced updated efficacy and safety data from the Phase 2b trial of Descartes-08 in participants with MG.

Participants included in the primary efficacy dataset (n=12)1 experienced an average MG-ADL reduction of 5.5 (±1.1) at Month 4. Responses were observed to be durable through Month 12, with 80% (4/5) of evaluable participants from the primary efficacy dataset maintaining a clinically meaningful response, defined as a reduction in MG-ADL score of at least 2 points. Descartes-08 continues to be observed as well-tolerated, supporting outpatient administration without the need for lymphodepleting chemotherapy.

•Dr. Tuan Vu, one of Cartesian’s Clinical Advisors, will Present at the American Academy of Neurology Annual Meeting on April 9, 2025 at 1:12 pm PT. The presentation and abstract are titled, "The Efficacy and Safety of Autologous BCMA-directed mRNA CAR T-Cell Therapy in Generalized Myasthenia Gravis: Results from a Phase 2b Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial."

•Preliminary Data from Ongoing Phase 2 Open-Label Trial of Descartes-08 in Patients with SLE Expected in the Second Half of 2025. The trial is designed to assess the safety, tolerability and clinical activity of outpatient Descartes-08 administration without preconditioning chemotherapy in patients with SLE. SLE is an incurable autoimmune disease marked by systemic inflammation that affects multiple organ systems and impacts approximately 1.5 million people in the United States.

•Phase 2 Pediatric Basket Trial of Descartes-08 in Select Autoimmune Diseases Expected to Initiate in the Second Half of 2025. This pediatric basket trial will target juvenile SLE, juvenile MG, juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis. The FDA previously granted Rare Pediatric Disease Designation to Descartes-08 for the treatment of JDM, which is a rare pediatric autoimmune disorder.

•Dosing Ongoing in First-in-Human Phase 1 Clinical Trial of Descartes-15. The Phase 1 dose escalation trial of Cartesian’s next-generation, autologous anti-BCMA mRNA CAR-T cell therapy, is designed to assess the safety and tolerability of outpatient Descartes-15 administration in patients with multiple myeloma. Following the Phase 1 dose escalation trial, the Company expects to subsequently assess Descartes-15 in autoimmune indications.

Corporate Updates

•Emily English Promoted to Chief Operations Officer. Emily English, formerly Cartesian’s Senior Vice President and Head of Manufacturing Operations, was promoted to Chief Operations Officer in January 2025. Emily’s significant contributions, including her leadership in the expansion of the new, state-of-the-art current good manufacturing practice (cGMP) facility in Frederick, Maryland, have been instrumental in Cartesian’s progress as the Company continues to advance its pipeline.

Full Year 2024 Financial Results

•Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash as of December 31, 2024 was $214.3 million and is expected to support planned operations, including completion of planned Phase 3 AURORA trial for Descartes-08 in MG, into mid-2027.

•Research and development expenses were $45.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to $71.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The decrease was primarily a result of the Company’s restructuring in 2023 prior to the merger between Cartesian and Selecta Biosciences, including reductions in expenses for preclinical and clinical programs due to the strategic reprioritization, stock compensation in connection with the Selecta Biosciences/ Cartesian Therapeutics merger, and higher expenses in 2023 compared to 2024 due to one-time cash charges related to salaries and benefits.

•General and administrative expenses were $30.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to $40.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The decrease in expense for the year ended December 31, 2024 was primarily the result of reductions in expenses incurred for stock compensation and professional fees in connection with the merger between Cartesian and Selecta Biosciences.

•Net loss was $(77.4) million, or $(4.48) net loss per share (basic), for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to net loss of $(219.7) million, or $(49.76) net loss per share (basic), for the year ended December 31, 2023.

About Descartes-08

Descartes-08, Cartesian’s lead mRNA cell therapy candidate, is an autologous mRNA-engineered chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (mRNA CAR-T) product targeting B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) in clinical development for generalized myasthenia gravis (MG) and systemic lupus erythematosus. In contrast to conventional DNA-based CAR T-cell therapies, mRNA CAR-T administration is designed to not require preconditioning chemotherapy, can be administered in the outpatient setting, and does not carry the risk of genomic integration associated with cancerous transformation. Descartes-08 has been granted Orphan Drug Designation and Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapy Designation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of MG, and Rare Pediatric Disease Designation for the treatment of juvenile dermatomyositis.

About Descartes-15

Descartes-15 is a next-generation, autologous anti-BCMA mRNA CAR-T cell therapy. In preclinical studies, Descartes-15 has been observed to achieve an approximately ten-fold increase in CAR expression and selective target-specific killing, relative to Descartes-08. Similar to Descartes-08, Descartes-15 is designed to be administered without preconditioning chemotherapy and does not use integrating vectors.

On March 13, 2025 Sutro Biopharma, Inc. (Sutro or the Company) (NASDAQ: STRO), an oncology company pioneering site-specific and novel-format antibody drug conjugates (ADCs), reported its financial results for the full year 2024 and recent business highlights (Press release, Sutro Biopharma, MAR 13, 2025, View Source [SID1234651132]). The Company also announced the completion of a strategic portfolio review resulting in the prioritization of its next-generation ADC pipeline. A conference call will be held today at 2:00 p.m. PT/ 5:00 p.m. ET to discuss the pipeline reprioritization, team restructuring and next steps.

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Full Year 2024 Financial Highlights

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities

As of December 31, 2024, Sutro had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of $316.9 million, as compared to $388.3 million as of September 30, 2024. Cash runway is expected into at least Q4 2026, excluding anticipated milestones from existing collaborations.

Revenue

Revenue was $62.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $153.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, with the 2024 amount related principally to the Astellas collaboration and the Tasly agreement. Future collaboration and license revenue under existing agreements, and from any additional collaboration and license partners, will fluctuate as a result of the amount and timing of revenue recognition of upfront, milestones, and other agreement payments.

Operating Expenses

Total operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2024 were $300.5 million, as compared to $243.0 million for year ended December 31, 2023. The year 2024 includes non-cash expenses for stock-based compensation of $24.7 million and depreciation and amortization of $7.2 million, as compared to $24.9 million and $6.8 million, respectively, in the year 2023. Total operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2024 were comprised of research and development expenses of $252.0 million and general and administrative expenses of $48.5 million.

Restructuring Expenditures: Cash payments resulting from the strategic portfolio review and related restructuring are estimated to be $40 to $45 million. Cost reductions subsequently realized from the restructuring, combined with refocused clinical development priorities give the Company an expected cash runway into at least the fourth quarter of 2026, excluding anticipated milestones from existing collaborations.

Conference Call Details:

The Company will host a conference call and webcast today at 2:00 p.m. PT/ 5:00 p.m. ET. The webcast information will also be available through the News & Events section of the Investors portion of the Company’s website at www.sutrobio.com. An archived replay will be available for at least 30 days after the event.