On December 2, 2018 AbbVie (NYSE: ABBV), a research-based global biopharmaceutical company, reported the results of up to seven years of clinical trial follow-up for IMBRUVICA (ibrutinib) monotherapy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL), the longest follow-up for a Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor to date (Press release, AbbVie, DEC 2, 2018, View Source [SID1234531819]). The updated Phase 1b/2 data demonstrated durable responses in CLL/SLL patients with an overall response rate (ORR) of 89 percent. Evaluated patients included those with high-risk genomic factors such as complex karyotype and unmutated IGHV, and more than 70 patients with three to 12 prior lines of therapy. Progression-free survival (PFS) rates were also sustained (estimated seven-year rates of 80% for previously untreated patients; 32% in the highly pre-treated relapsed/refractory [R/R] groups). The analysis also found that PFS trended better for R/R patients when treated with ibrutinib in earlier lines of therapy (after one or two prior lines of therapy versus three or more lines of prior therapy).

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These data were presented today at the 2018 American Society of Hematology (ASH) (Free ASH Whitepaper) Annual Meeting in San Diego, CA (Abstract #3133). IMBRUVICA is a once-daily, first-in-class BTK inhibitor that is administered orally, and is jointly developed and commercialized by Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie company, and Janssen Biotech, Inc.

"With up to seven years of follow up, IMBRUVICA monotherapy continues to show long-lasting responses and survival benefits in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and small lymphocytic lymphoma," said Danelle James, M.D., M.A.S., Head of Clinical Science, Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie company. "These results help demonstrate that the benefits of IMBRUVICA can be sustained for many years, which were seen in patients with CLL and SLL that are typically more difficult to treat due to high-risk genomic factors."

CLL is one of the two most common forms of leukemia in adults and is a type of cancer that can develop from cells in the bone marrow that later mature into certain white blood cells (called lymphocytes).1 While these cancer cells start in the bone marrow, they then later spread into the blood. The prevalence of CLL is approximately 115,000 patients in the U.S. with approximately 20,000 newly diagnosed patients every year.2,3 SLL is a slow-growing lymphoma biologically similar to CLL in which too many immature white blood cells cause lymph nodes to become larger than normal.4 Both CLL and SLL are predominately diseases of the elderly, with a median age at diagnosis ranging from 65-70 years.5

"The long-term follow-up data with ibrutinib continues to look promising, with remissions that suggest patients are able to live many years beyond what was previously expected," said John C. Byrd, M.D., Warren Brown Chair of Leukemia Research, Professor of Medicine at the Ohio State University and the lead investigator of the seven-year follow-up study. "These data also suggest that starting treatment with ibrutinib as early as possible for CLL and SLL provides the best efficacy over the long-term – an important factor that treating physicians should consider."

About Abstract #3133: Up to 7 Years of Follow-up of Single-Agent Ibrutinib in the Phase 1b/II PCYC-1102 Trial of First Line and Relapsed/Refractory Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma

Poster presentation: Sunday, December 2 at 6:00 p.m. PST

In the PCYC-1102 and PCYC-1103 studies, newly diagnosed and R/R CLL/SLL patients, including those with high-risk features, received IMBRUVICA with up to seven years of follow up (n=132).

ORR was 89 percent for all patients (complete response [CR], 15%), with similar rates in previously untreated (87%) and R/R patients (89%). CR rates were higher in previously untreated patients (32%) than in R/R patients (10%). Median duration of response (DOR) was not reached (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0+-85+) for newly diagnosed patients but was 57 months (95% CI: 0+-85+) for R/R patients. Median PFS was not reached (95% CI: NE-NE) for newly diagnosed patients and was 51 months (95% CI: 37-70) for R/R patients. Estimated seven-year PFS rates were 80 percent and 32 percent for newly diagnosed and R/R patients, respectively. Median overall survival (OS) was not reached in newly diagnosed (95% CI: 80-NE months) or R/R patients (95% CI: 63-NE months), with estimated seven-year OS rates of 75 percent and 52 percent, respectively.

High grade adverse events (AEs) were reported in 74 percent of newly diagnosed patients and 89 percent of R/R patients. Hypertension (newly diagnosed, 32%; R/R, 26%), diarrhea (newly diagnosed, 16%; R/R, 4%) and hyponatremia (newly diagnosed, 10%; R/R, 0%) were among the most common grade 3 or higher treatment-emergent AEs. Major hemorrhage and grade 3 or higher atrial fibrillation, thrombocytopenia, anemia and arthralgia were observed in 11 percent or less of newly diagnosed and R/R patients. In addition, infection (newly diagnosed, 23%; R/R, 55%) was more common in R/R patients. No new or unexpected AEs were observed, and the occurrence of most grade 3 or higher AEs and serious AEs decreased over time, with the exception of hypertension.

Additional presentation on ibrutinib monotherapy in CLL at ASH (Free ASH Whitepaper) 2018

Additional data presented at ASH (Free ASH Whitepaper) include a sub-analysis derived from patients with R/R CLL enrolled in the RESONATE trial. The sub-analysis assessed the effects of ibrutinib versus ofatumumab on T-cell function (including degranulation and cytokine release) and proliferation. CLL is a B-cell malignancy that is also characterized by profound immune dysregulation, including dysfunctional T cells. These data will also be presented at ASH (Free ASH Whitepaper) on December 2 (abstract #3114).

To view all IMBRUVICA company-sponsored or investigator-initiated studies being presented at ASH (Free ASH Whitepaper) 2018, please visit: View Source

About IMBRUVICA
IMBRUVICA (ibrutinib) is a first-in-class, oral, once-daily therapy that mainly works by inhibiting a protein called Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK). BTK is a key signaling molecule in the B-cell receptor signaling complex that plays an important role in the survival and spread of malignant B cells.6 IMBRUVICA blocks signals that tell malignant B-cells to multiply and spread uncontrollably.

IMBRUVICA is FDA-approved in six distinct patient populations: chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia (WM), along with previously-treated mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), previously-treated marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) and previously-treated chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD).7

IMBRUVICA was first approved for adult patients with MCL who have received at least one prior therapy in November 2013.
Soon after, IMBRUVICA was approved in adult CLL patients who have received at least one prior therapy in February 2014. By July 2014, the therapy received approval for adult CLL patients with 17p deletion, and by March 2016, the therapy was approved as a frontline CLL treatment.
IMBRUVICA was approved for adult patients with WM in January 2015.
In May 2016, IMBRUVICA was approved in combination with bendamustine and rituximab (BR) for adult patients with CLL/SLL.
In January 2017, IMBRUVICA was approved for adult patients with MZL who require systemic therapy and have received at least one prior anti-CD20-based therapy.
In August 2017, IMBRUVICA was approved for adult patients with cGVHD that failed to respond to one or more lines of systemic therapy.
In August 2018, IMBRUVICA plus rituximab was approved for adult patients with WM.
Accelerated approval was granted for the MCL and MZL indications based on overall response rate. Continued approval for MCL and MZL may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in confirmatory trials.

IMBRUVICA has been granted four Breakthrough Therapy Designations from the U.S. FDA. This designation is intended to expedite the development and review of a potential new drug for serious or life-threatening diseases.8 IMBRUVICA was one of the first medicines to receive FDA approval via the new Breakthrough Therapy Designation pathway.

IMBRUVICA is being studied alone and in combination with other treatments in several blood and solid tumor cancers and other serious illnesses. IMBRUVICA has one of the most robust clinical oncology development programs for a single molecule in the industry, with more than 130 ongoing clinical trials. There are approximately 30 ongoing company-sponsored trials, 14 of which are in Phase 3, and more than 100 investigator-sponsored trials and external collaborations that are active around the world. To date, more than 135,000 patients around the world have been treated with IMBRUVICA in clinical practice and clinical trials.

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION

WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

Hemorrhage: Fatal bleeding events have occurred in patients treated with IMBRUVICA. Grade 3 or higher bleeding events (intracranial hemorrhage [including subdural hematoma], gastrointestinal bleeding, hematuria, and post-procedural hemorrhage) have occurred in 3% of patients, with fatalities occurring in 0.3% of 1,011 patients exposed to IMBRUVICA in clinical trials. Bleeding events of any grade, including bruising and petechiae, occurred in 44% of patients treated with IMBRUVICA.

The mechanism for the bleeding events is not well understood.

IMBRUVICA may increase the risk of hemorrhage in patients receiving antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapies and patients should be monitored for signs of bleeding.

Consider the benefit-risk of withholding IMBRUVICA for at least 3 to 7 days pre and post-surgery depending upon the type of surgery and the risk of bleeding.

Infections: Fatal and non-fatal infections (including bacterial, viral, or fungal) have occurred with IMBRUVICA therapy. Grade 3 or greater infections occurred in 24% of 1,011 patients exposed to IMBRUVICA in clinical trials. Cases of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) have occurred in patients treated with IMBRUVICA. Consider prophylaxis according to standard of care in patients who are at increased risk for opportunistic infections.

Monitor and evaluate patients for fever and infections and treat appropriately.

Cytopenias: Treatment-emergent Grade 3 or 4 cytopenias including neutropenia (23%), thrombocytopenia (8%), and anemia (3%) based on laboratory measurements occurred in patients with B-cell malignancies treated with single agent IMBRUVICA.

Monitor complete blood counts monthly.

Cardiac Arrhythmias: Fatal and serious cardiac arrhythmias have occurred with IMBRUVICA therapy. Grade 3 or greater ventricular tachyarrhythmias occurred in 0.2% of patients, and Grade 3 or greater atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter occurred in 4% of 1,011 patients exposed to IMBRUVICA in clinical trials. These events have occurred particularly in patients with cardiac risk factors, hypertension, acute infections, and a previous history of cardiac arrhythmias.

Periodically monitor patients clinically for cardiac arrhythmias. Obtain an ECG for patients who develop arrhythmic symptoms (e.g., palpitations, lightheadedness, syncope, chest pain) or new onset dyspnea. Manage cardiac arrhythmias appropriately, and if it persists, consider the risks and benefits of IMBRUVICA treatment and follow dose modification guidelines.

Hypertension: Hypertension has occurred in 12% of 1,011 patients treated with IMBRUVICA in clinical trials with a median time to onset of 5 months (range, 0.03 to 22 months). Monitor patients for new onset hypertension or hypertension that is not adequately controlled after starting IMBRUVICA. Adjust existing anti-hypertensive medications and/or initiate anti-hypertensive treatment as appropriate.

Second Primary Malignancies: Other malignancies (9%) including non-skin carcinomas (2%) have occurred in 1,011 patients treated with IMBRUVICA in clinical trials. The most frequent second primary malignancy was non-melanoma skin cancer (6%).

Tumor Lysis Syndrome: Tumor lysis syndrome has been infrequently reported with IMBRUVICA therapy. Assess the baseline risk (e.g., high tumor burden) and take appropriate precautions.

Monitor patients closely and treat as appropriate.

Embryo-Fetal Toxicity: Based on findings in animals, IMBRUVICA can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Advise women to avoid becoming pregnant while taking IMBRUVICA and for 1 month after cessation of therapy. If this drug is used during pregnancy or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, the patient should be apprised of the potential hazard to a fetus. Advise men to avoid fathering a child during the same time period.

ADVERSE REACTIONS

B-cell malignancies: The most common adverse reactions (≥20%) in patients with B-cell malignancies (MCL, CLL/SLL, WM and MZL) were thrombocytopenia (58%)*, neutropenia (58%)*, diarrhea (42%), anemia (39%)*, rash (31%), musculoskeletal pain (31%), bruising (31%), nausea (28%), fatigue (27%), hemorrhage (23%), and pyrexia (20%).

The most common Grade 3 or 4 adverse reactions (≥5%) in patients with B-cell malignancies (MCL, CLL/SLL, WM and MZL) were neutropenia (36%)*, thrombocytopenia (15%)*, and pneumonia (10%).

Approximately 6% (CLL/SLL), 14% (MCL), 14% (WM) and 10% (MZL) of patients had a dose reduction due to adverse reactions. Approximately 4%-10% (CLL/SLL), 9% (MCL), and 7% (WM [5%] and MZL [13%]) of patients discontinued due to adverse reactions.

cGVHD: The most common adverse reactions (≥20%) in patients with cGVHD were fatigue (57%), bruising (40%), diarrhea (36%), thrombocytopenia (33%)*, stomatitis (29%), muscle spasms (29%), nausea (26%), hemorrhage (26%), anemia (24%)*, and pneumonia (21%).

The most common Grade 3 or 4 adverse reactions (≥5%) reported in patients with cGVHD were fatigue (12%), diarrhea (10%), neutropenia (10%)*, pneumonia (10%), sepsis (10%), hypokalemia (7%), headache (5%), musculoskeletal pain (5%), and pyrexia (5%).

Twenty-four percent of patients receiving IMBRUVICA in the cGVHD trial discontinued treatment due to adverse reactions. Adverse reactions leading to dose reduction occurred in 26% of patients.

*Treatment-emergent decreases (all grades) were based on laboratory measurements and adverse reactions.

DRUG INTERACTIONS

CYP3A Inhibitors: Dose adjustments may be recommended.

CYP3A Inducers: Avoid coadministration with strong CYP3A inducers.

SPECIFIC POPULATIONS

Hepatic Impairment (based on Child-Pugh criteria): Avoid use of IMBRUVICA in patients with severe baseline hepatic impairment. In patients with mild or moderate impairment, reduce IMBRUVICA dose.

On December 2, 2018 Kite, a Gilead Company (Nasdaq: GILD), reported two-year efficacy and safety data from the pivotal ZUMA-1 trial of Yescarta (axicabtagene ciloleucel) in patients with refractory large B-cell lymphoma (Press release, Kite Pharma, DEC 2, 2018, View Source;p=irol-newsArticle&ID=2378930 [SID1234531786]). With a minimum follow-up of two years after a single infusion of Yescarta (median follow up of 27.1 months), 39 percent of patients were in an ongoing response. This updated analysis with at least 24 months of follow-up was presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology (ASH) (Free ASH Whitepaper) (ASH; Abstract #2967) and simultaneously published in The Lancet Oncology.

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This press release features multimedia. View the full release here: View Source

In October 2017, Yescarta became the first chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cell therapy to be approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma after two or more lines of systemic therapy, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) not otherwise specified, primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL), high grade B-cell lymphoma and DLBCL arising from follicular lymphoma. Yescarta is not indicated for the treatment of patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma. The U.S. Prescribing Information for Yescarta contains a Boxed Warning regarding the risk of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurologic toxicities; see below for Important Safety Information.

At two years, the best objective response via investigator assessment (n=101) showed an overall response rate of 83 percent, with 58 percent of patients having achieved a complete response. With a median follow-up of 27.1 months, 39 percent of patients remained in response. Of the patients with an ongoing response at 12 months, 93 percent remained in response at 24 months. The median duration of response was 11.1 months; the median duration of complete response was not reached. Median overall survival was not reached.

"With aggressive cancers such as refractory large B-cell lymphoma, our primary goal is to extend the lives of patients," said Sattva S. Neelapu, MD, ZUMA-1 Co-Lead Investigator and Professor, Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. "Outcomes with traditional standard of care for this highly refractory patient population have been extremely poor. Nearly 40 percent of patients in ZUMA-1 remain in response and half of the patients are still alive after at least two years of treatment with Yescarta."

In the two-year analysis (n=108), Grade 3 or higher CRS and neurologic events were seen in 11 percent and 32 percent of patients, respectively, and were generally reversible. Four patients developed new serious adverse events (occurring since the previous August 11, 2017 data cutoff), none of which were related to Yescarta. No new Yescarta-related CRS or neurologic events or deaths have occurred since the one-year analysis.

"The two-year point is a another major milestone for Yescarta, which has extended the lives of a significant number of patients in ZUMA-1 and has yielded important learnings that inform further research and development of CAR T therapies," said Alessandro Riva, MD, Executive Vice President, Oncology Therapeutics and Head, Cell Therapy, Gilead Sciences. "These data are not only significant for the lymphoma community, but also reinforce our leadership in cell therapy as we aim to transform the treatment of a variety of cancers with other investigational therapies in our pipeline."

Full study results are available in The Lancet Oncology:

Long-term safety and activity of axicabtagene ciloleucel in refractory large B-cell lymphoma (ZUMA-1): a single-arm, multicentre, phase 1–2 trial: http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanonc/article/PIIS1470-2045(18)30864-7/fulltext

U.S. Important Safety Information for Yescarta

BOXED WARNING: CYTOKINE RELEASE SYNDROME AND NEUROLOGIC TOXICITIES

Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS), including fatal or life-threatening reactions, occurred in patients receiving Yescarta. Do not administer Yescarta to patients with active infection or inflammatory disorders. Treat severe or life-threatening CRS with tocilizumab or tocilizumab and corticosteroids.
Neurologic toxicities, including fatal or life-threatening reactions, occurred in patients receiving Yescarta, including concurrently with CRS or after CRS resolution. Monitor for neurologic toxicities after treatment with Yescarta. Provide supportive care and/or corticosteroids as needed.
Yescarta is available only through a restricted program under a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) called the Yescarta REMS.
CYTOKINE RELEASE SYNDROME (CRS): CRS occurred in 94% of patients, including 13% with ≥ Grade 3. Among patients who died after receiving Yescarta, 4 had ongoing CRS at death. The median time to onset was 2 days (range: 1-12 days) and median duration was 7 days (range: 2-58 days). Key manifestations include fever (78%), hypotension (41%), tachycardia (28%), hypoxia (22%), and chills (20%). Serious events that may be associated with CRS include cardiac arrhythmias (including atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia), cardiac arrest, cardiac failure, renal insufficiency, capillary leak syndrome, hypotension, hypoxia, and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis/macrophage activation syndrome. Ensure that 2 doses of tocilizumab are available prior to infusion of Yescarta. Monitor patients at least daily for 7 days at the certified healthcare facility following infusion for signs and symptoms of CRS. Monitor patients for signs or symptoms of CRS for 4 weeks after infusion. Counsel patients to seek immediate medical attention should signs or symptoms of CRS occur at any time. At the first sign of CRS, institute treatment with supportive care, tocilizumab or tocilizumab and corticosteroids as indicated.

NEUROLOGIC TOXICITIES: Neurologic toxicities occurred in 87% of patients. Ninety-eight percent of all neurologic toxicities occurred within the first 8 weeks, with a median time to onset of 4 days (range: 1-43 days) and a median duration of 17 days. Grade 3 or higher occurred in 31% of patients. The most common neurologic toxicities included encephalopathy (57%), headache (44%), tremor (31%), dizziness (21%), aphasia (18%), delirium (17%), insomnia (9%) and anxiety (9%). Prolonged encephalopathy lasting up to 173 days was noted. Serious events including leukoencephalopathy and seizures occurred with Yescarta. Fatal and serious cases of cerebral edema have occurred in patients treated with Yescarta. Monitor patients at least daily for 7 days at the certified healthcare facility following infusion for signs and symptoms of neurologic toxicities. Monitor patients for signs or symptoms of neurologic toxicities for 4 weeks after infusion and treat promptly.

YESCARTA REMS: Because of the risk of CRS and neurologic toxicities, Yescarta is available only through a restricted program under a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) called the Yescarta REMS. The required components of the Yescarta REMS are: Healthcare facilities that dispense and administer Yescarta must be enrolled and comply with the REMS requirements. Certified healthcare facilities must have on-site, immediate access to tocilizumab, and ensure that a minimum of 2 doses of tocilizumab are available for each patient for infusion within 2 hours after Yescarta infusion, if needed for treatment of CRS. Certified healthcare facilities must ensure that healthcare providers who prescribe, dispense or administer Yescarta are trained about the management of CRS and neurologic toxicities. Further information is available at www.YESCARTAREMS.com or 1-844-454-KITE (5483).

HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS: Allergic reactions may occur. Serious hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis may be due to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or residual gentamicin in Yescarta.

SERIOUS INFECTIONS: Severe or life-threatening infections occurred. Infections (all grades) occurred in 38% of patients, and in 23% with ≥ Grade 3. Grade 3 or higher infections with an unspecified pathogen occurred in 16% of patients, bacterial infections in 9%, and viral infections in 4%. Yescarta should not be administered to patients with clinically significant active systemic infections. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of infection before and after Yescarta infusion and treat appropriately. Administer prophylactic anti-microbials according to local guidelines. Febrile neutropenia was observed in 36% of patients and may be concurrent with CRS. In the event of febrile neutropenia, evaluate for infection and manage with broad spectrum antibiotics, fluids and other supportive care as medically indicated. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation, in some cases resulting in fulminant hepatitis, hepatic failure and death, can occur in patients treated with drugs directed against B cells. Perform screening for HBV, HCV, and HIV in accordance with clinical guidelines before collection of cells for manufacturing.

PROLONGED CYTOPENIAS: Patients may exhibit cytopenias for several weeks following lymphodepleting chemotherapy and Yescarta infusion. Grade 3 or higher cytopenias not resolved by Day 30 following Yescarta infusion occurred in 28% of patients and included thrombocytopenia (18%), neutropenia (15%), and anemia (3%). Monitor blood counts after Yescarta infusion.

HYPOGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA: B-cell aplasia and hypogammaglobulinemia can occur. Hypogammaglobulinemia occurred in 15% of patients. Monitor immunoglobulin levels after treatment and manage using infection precautions, antibiotic prophylaxis and immunoglobulin replacement. The safety of immunization with live viral vaccines during or following Yescarta treatment has not been studied. Vaccination with live virus vaccines is not recommended for at least 6 weeks prior to the start of lymphodepleting chemotherapy, during Yescarta treatment, and until immune recovery following treatment.

SECONDARY MALIGNANCIES: Patients may develop secondary malignancies. Monitor life-long for secondary malignancies. In the event that a secondary malignancy occurs, contact Kite at 1-844-454-KITE (5483) to obtain instructions on patient samples to collect for testing.

EFFECTS ON ABILITY TO DRIVE AND USE MACHINES: Due to the potential for neurologic events, including altered mental status or seizures, patients are at risk for altered or decreased consciousness or coordination in the 8 weeks following Yescarta infusion. Advise patients to refrain from driving and engaging in hazardous occupations or activities, such as operating heavy or potentially dangerous machinery, during this initial period.

ADVERSE REACTIONS: The most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥ 20%) include CRS, fever, hypotension, encephalopathy, tachycardia, fatigue, headache, decreased appetite, chills, diarrhea, febrile neutropenia, infections-pathogen unspecified, nausea, hypoxia, tremor, cough, vomiting, dizziness, constipation, and cardiac arrhythmias.

On December 2, 2018 Aprea Therapeutics reported results at the 2018 ASH (Free ASH Whitepaper) Annual Meeting from its Phase Ib/II clinical study in MDS (Press release, Aprea, DEC 2, 2018, View Source [SID1234531805]). The ongoing study is evaluating the safety and efficacy of APR-246 in combination with azacitidine for the treatment of TP53 mutated MDS. The study is sponsored by the Moffitt Cancer Center with financial support from the MDS Foundation and the Aplastic Anemia and MDS International Foundation as administrator for the Evans MDS Clinical Research Consortium.

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The overall response rate in 20 evaluable patients was 95%, with 14 (70%) patients achieving a complete remission (CR) at data cutoff. Relative to baseline, p53 immunohistochemistry positivity, mutant TP53 variant allele frequency (VAF) and TP53 minimal residual disease (MRD) were significantly decreased at time of disease assessment. No dose-limiting toxicities have been experienced to date and no exacerbation of the expected AZA-related safety profile has been observed.

"The expanding data set from this study is very encouraging," said David Sallman, M.D., lead principal investigator of the clinical study from the Moffitt Cancer Center. "As of this latest data cutoff, responses have been achieved in nearly all patients, including a 70% complete remission rate, and accompanied by deep molecular remission in the majority of patients as assessed by serial TP53 analysis. In addition, the overall safety experience indicates that the combination regimen of APR-246 and azacitidine is both safe and well-tolerated. Comparison of the current data set to historical AZA clinical experience suggests that combination of APR-246 with AZA may offer these patients a better potential treatment option than AZA alone."

"The continued positive data from this clinical study has created the potential for a new treatment paradigm for patients with few therapeutic options," said Christian S. Schade, President and Chief Executive Officer of Aprea. "As a result of this exciting progress, Aprea expects to soon begin enrolling a randomized, controlled Phase III clinical study of APR-246 in combination with AZA for the treatment of TP53 mutated MDS."

About the Clinical Study

Eligible patients in the Phase Ib/II clinical study include HMA naïve, TP53 mutated MDS and oligoblastic acute myeloid leukemia (AML, ≤ 30% blasts). In the Phase Ib part of the clincal study, patients received APR-246 in a 3+3 dose escalation design (50, 75, 100 mg/kg lean body weight) IV daily over 4 days in a lead-in phase (days -14 to -10), followed by the same dose of APR-246 (days 1-4) and AZA 75 mg/m2 SC/IV over 7 days (days 4-10 or 4-5 and 8-12) in 28-day cycles. In the Phase II part of the clinical study, patients receive APR-246 as a 4,500 mg fixed dose IV daily (days 1-4) and AZA over 7 days (days 4-10 or 4-5 and 8-12) in 28-day cycles. Primary objective in Phase Ib part of the clinical study was safety, with AEs graded by CTCAE v4.03 and DLT assessment over 6 weeks. Secondary endpoints included response rate by IWG 2006 criteria, PFS, OS, as well as serial next generation sequencing and p53 immunohistochemistry for evaluation of clonal suppression and depth of remission. In the Phase II part of the clinical study the primary endpoint is response rate.

About Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) represents a spectrum of hematopoietic stem cell malignancies in which bone marrow fails to produce sufficient numbers of healthy blood cells. Approximately 30-40% of MDS patients progress to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and mutation of the p53 tumor suppressor protein is thought to contribute to disease progression. Mutations in p53 are found in up to 20% of MDS and AML patients and are associated with poor overall prognosis.

About p53 and APR-246

The p53 tumor suppressor gene is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancer, occurring in approximately 50% of all human tumors. These mutations are often associated with resistance to anti-cancer drugs and poor overall survival, representing a major unmet medical need in the treatment of cancer.

APR-246 has been shown to reactivate mutant and inactivated p53 protein – by restoring wild-type p53 conformation and function – and thereby induce programmed cell death in human cancer cells. APR-246 has demonstrated pre-clinical anti-tumor activity in a wide variety of solid and hematological (blood) tumors, including MDS, AML, and ovarian cancer, among others. Additionally, strong synergy has been seen with both traditional anti-cancer agents, such as chemotherapy, as well as newer mechanism-based anti-cancer drugs and immuno-oncology checkpoint inhibitors. In addition to pre-clinical testing, a Phase I/II clinical program with APR-246 has been completed, demonstrating a favorable safety profile and both biological and confirmed clinical responses in hematological malignancies and solid tumors with mutations in the TP53 gene.

On December 1, 2018 BeiGene, Ltd. (NASDAQ: BGNE; HKEX: 06160), a commercial-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing innovative molecularly-targeted and immuno-oncology drugs for the treatment of cancer, reported the presentation of clinical data from two ongoing trials of its investigational Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, zanubrutinib, in patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) (Press release, BeiGene, DEC 1, 2018, View Source;p=RssLanding&cat=news&id=2378923 [SID1234531774]). The presentations were made at the 60th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology (ASH) (Free ASH Whitepaper), taking place December 1-4, 2018 in San Diego, CA.

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Results from the pivotal Phase 2 trial of zanubrutinib in Chinese patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) MCL (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03206970) were featured in an oral presentation, while updated results from the global Phase 1 trial of zanubrutinib in patients with multiple subtypes of B-cell malignancies, including treatment naïve (TN) and R/R MCL (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02343120), were featured in a poster presentation.

"Taken together, we believe that these two studies provide encouraging evidence for the use of zanubrutinib as a potential therapy in patients with MCL," said Jane Huang, M.D., Chief Medical Officer, Hematology, at BeiGene. "The results from 86 patients enrolled in our pivotal Phase 2 study in Chinese patients with R/R MCL presented today at ASH (Free ASH Whitepaper), provide a thorough look into the data included in our first new drug application (NDA) in China for zanubrutinib. Additionally, the results from 48 patients with MCL enrolled in our global Phase 1 study illustrated consistent outcomes for patients studied outside of China. We are excited by the prospect that zanubrutinib may be a differentiated BTK inhibitor with deep, durable responses for patients with MCL and potentially for other B-cell malignancies."

Zanubrutinib was discovered by BeiGene scientists, and is being developed globally as a monotherapy and in combination with other therapies to treat various hematologic malignancies. Zanubrutinib is being studied in several clinical trials as part of a broad development program and was granted Fast Track Designation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM). BeiGene plans to submit an initial NDA to the FDA for zanubrutinib in 2019 or early 2020. The NDAs in China for R/R MCL and R/R chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) have been accepted by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA, formerly known as CFDA) and the MCL filing has been granted priority review.

"Zanubrutinib was shown to be highly active in Chinese patients with R/R MCL, as evidenced by a high rate of complete responses characterized by PET-based imaging. It was also generally well-tolerated, and we are hopeful of its potential to become a new treatment option for Chinese patients with MCL and potentially other forms of B-cell lymphomas," said Yuqin Song, M.D., Ph.D., Associate Professor of Medical Oncology, Deputy Director of the Lymphoma Department at Peking University Cancer Hospital in China, and presenter of results from the pivotal Phase 2 trial in Chinese patients.

"The outcomes observed in patients treated outside of China are generally consistent with the experiences observed in Chinese patients with R/R MCL. Importantly, the high response rates that were observed appear to extend to patients with both TN and R/R MCL," commented Constantine Tam, M.D., Disease Group Lead for Low Grade Lymphoma and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia at Peter MacCallum Cancer Center and Director of Hematology at St. Vincent’s Hospital, Australia, and lead author of the poster presentation of results from the global Phase 1 trial.

Summary of Clinical Results From the Pivotal Phase 2 Trial in China
Oral Presentation Data Included in BeiGene’s NDA in China for Zanubrutinib in MCL

This single arm, open-label, multi-center, pivotal Phase 2 trial of zanubrutinib as a monotherapy in Chinese patients with R/R MCL enrolled 86 patients who had received a median of two prior lines of therapy (1-4). Patients were treated with zanubrutinib, dosed at 160 mg orally twice-daily (BID). The primary endpoint of the trial was overall response rate (ORR) assessed by independent review committee (IRC) using PET-based imaging according to the Lugano Classification 2014.

As of March 27, 2018, 85 patients with R/R MCL were evaluable for efficacy and 65 patients (75.6%) remained on study treatment. The median follow-up time for patients enrolled in the trial was 35.9 weeks (1.1-55.9). Results included:

The ORR by IRC was 83.5 percent (71/85); the complete response (CR) rate was 58.8 percent (50/85) and the partial response (PR) rate was 24.7 percent (21/85);

The 24-week progression-free survival (PFS) was estimated at 82 percent. The median PFS had not yet been reached;

With 24.1 weeks median follow-up (0.1-41.1), the median duration of response (DOR) had not yet been reached and 90 percent of responders were still in response at 24 weeks;

Zanubrutinib tolerability was generally consistent with previous reports in patients with various B-cell malignancies and the majority of adverse events (AEs) were grade 1 or 2 in severity. The most frequent AEs of any attribution were neutrophil count decreased (31.4%), rash (29.1%), upper respiratory tract infection (29.1%), and platelet count decreased (22.1%);

The most frequently reported (in >5 percent of patients) grade 3 or higher AEs were neutrophil count decreased (11.6%) and lung infection (5.8%);

Four patients (4.7%) had treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs) leading to death (one case each of traffic accident, cerebral hemorrhage, pneumonia, and unknown cause in the setting of infection); and

Among events of special interest for BTK inhibitors, diarrhea was observed in nine patients (10.5%), all grade 1-2. Major hemorrhage was observed in 1 patient (1.2%) with blastoid variant of MCL who had intra-parenchymal CNS bleeding. No cases of atrial fibrillation/flutter were reported in this trial.
Summary of Updated Clinical Results From the Global Phase 1 Trial

This open-label Phase 1 trial of zanubrutinib as a monotherapy in patients with different subtypes of B-cell malignancies, including MCL, is being conducted in Australia, New Zealand, the United States, Italy, and South Korea. As of July 24, 2018, 48 patients with TN (n=9) or R/R (n=39) MCL have been enrolled in the trial and the median follow-up time was 12.7 months (0.7-38.0). Forty-five patients including six with TN and 39 with R/R MCL, were evaluable for efficacy in this analysis, per the Lugano 2014 classification. At the time of the data cutoff, 26 patients remained on study treatment. Updated results included:

The ORR by investigator was 88.9 percent (40/45); the CR rate was 26.7 percent (12/45) and the PR rate was 62.2 percent (28/45). The majority of patients were assessed via CT-scan; PET scans were optional per trial protocol;

The median DOR was 16.2 months and the median PFS for R/R patients was 18.0 months (0.7-30.7);

Zanubrutinib tolerability was generally consistent with previous reports in patients with various B-cell malignancies and the majority of AEs were grade 1 or 2 in severity. The most frequent AEs of any attribution were petechia/purpura/contusion (33.3%), diarrhea (33.3%), upper respiratory tract infection (29.2%), fatigue (25.0%), and constipation (18.8%);

Grade 3-5 AEs occurred in 56.3 percent of patients. Grade 3-5 AEs of any attribution reported in > three patients included anemia (8.3%), major hemorrhage (6.3%), cellulitis (6.3%), myalgia (6.3%), neutropenia (6.3%), pneumonia (6.3%); and thrombocytopenia (6.3%);

Discontinuation due to AEs occurred in 18.8 percent of patients with all but one event (peripheral edema) determined to be unrelated to study drug; and

There were four deaths due to AEs, which were all determined by the investigators to be unrelated to zanubrutinib treatment.
Investor Webcast

Date and Time: Monday, December 3, 2018 at 20:00 PST (Tuesday, December 4 at 12:00 China Standard Time)
Webcast: A live webcast and replay of the event will be available on BeiGene’s investor website, View Source
About Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Lymphoma is a diverse group of malignancies that originates from B-, T- or NK- cells. Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is typically an aggressive form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that arises from B-cells originating in the "mantle zone." In 2013, the incidence of lymphoma was 4.2 per 100,000 and the mortality was 2.2 per 100,000 in mainland Chinai, making it the eleventh most common cancer and the tenth leading cause of cancer death.ii In the United States, about 70,800 new cases of NHL were expected in 2014, with MCL representing about six percent (about 4,200 cases) of all new cases of NHL in the United Statesiii. Mantle cell lymphoma usually has a poor prognosis, with a median survival of three to four years, although occasionally patients may have an indolent course.iv Frequently, mantle cell lymphoma is diagnosed at a later stage of disease.

About Zanubrutinib
Zanubrutinib (BGB-3111) is an investigational small molecule inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) that is currently being evaluated in a broad pivotal clinical program globally as a monotherapy and in combination with other therapies to treat various B-cell malignancies.

Clinical trials of zanubrutinib include a global Phase 1 trial; a fully-enrolled, global Phase 3 clinical trial in patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) comparing zanubrutinib to ibrutinib, the currently approved BTK inhibitor for WM; a global Phase 3 clinical trial in patients with previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); a pivotal Phase 2 trial in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) follicular lymphoma in combination with GAZYVA (obinutuzumab); and a Phase 3 trial comparing zanubrutinib to ibrutinib in patients with R/R CLL/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). In China, BeiGene has completed enrollment in two other pivotal Phase 2 clinical trials of zanubrutinib in patients with CLL/SLL and WM. New drug applications (NDA) for zanubrutinib in patients with R/R MCL and in patients with R/R CLL/SLL have been accepted by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA, formerly known as CFDA) and the MCL filing has been granted priority review.

On December 1, 2018 The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson reported long-term results from the Phase 3 ALCYONE study showing that the addition of Darzalex (daratumumab) to bortezomib, melphalan and prednisone (VMP) continued to demonstrate significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who are ineligible for autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) (Press release, Johnson & Johnson, DEC 1, 2018, View Source [SID1234531790]).1 These data (Abstract #156), as well as updates from the Phase 2 LYRA (Abstract #152) and GRIFFIN (Abstract #151) studies in patients with multiple myeloma, were featured during an oral abstract session at the 60th American Society of Hematology (ASH) (Free ASH Whitepaper) Annual Meeting in San Diego, CA.

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Long-term Phase 3 ALCYONE results for daratumumab frontline combination therapy1

At a median follow-up of 27.8 months, study results showed the addition of daratumumab to VMP reduced the risk of disease progression or death by 57 percent compared to VMP alone (Hazard Ratio [HR] = 0.43; 95 percent confidence interval [CI] 0.35-0.54, p<0.0001).1 Daratumumab-VMP resulted in a 24 month PFS rate of 63 percent compared to 36 percent with VMP alone.1 The median PFS for daratumumab-VMP has not yet been reached, whereas the control arm of VMP alone had a median PFS of 19.1 months.1 In addition, a significantly higher overall response rate (ORR) (91 percent vs. 74 percent, respectively) was observed with the daratumumab combination compared to VMP alone.1 Daratumumab-VMP resulted in deeper responses, significantly improving the rate of very good partial response (VGPR) or better (73 percent vs. 50 percent) and more than doubling the rate of stringent complete response (sCR) (22 percent vs. 8 percent) compared to VMP alone.1 Daratumumab-VMP induced a higher rate of sustained minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity compared to VMP alone (10 percent vs. 2 percent, respectively).1 The previously reported primary results of this study formed the basis of the European Commission approval of daratumumab in combination with VMP in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who are ineligible for ASCT.

"Longer-term data from the pivotal ALCYONE trial show that daratumumab combination therapy continued to show improvement in progression-free survival and response rates in newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma, including older patients who are less likely to respond to treatment," said Meletios A. Dimopoulos, M.D., Professor and Chairman of the Department of Clinical Therapeutics at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece, and principal investigator. "These promising results support the use of daratumumab earlier in the treatment paradigm when transplant ineligible patients are more likely to benefit from therapy, and that continued therapy with daratumumab confers benefit."

In the ALCYONE study, the most common Grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) during Cycle 10 and onward for daratumumab-VMP included anaemia (4 percent), neutropenia (2 percent) and bronchitis (1 percent).1 No new safety signals emerged, and Grade 3/4 infections continued to be manageable.1

Phase 2 LYRA and GRIFFIN data support efficacy and safety of daratumumab in newly diagnosed patients, including those who are eligible for high-dose therapy/ASCT, and in relapsed patients2,3

Response rates from the Phase 2 LYRA study were presented for the investigational use of daratumumab plus cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (CyBorD) in patients with newly diagnosed and relapsed multiple myeloma.2 The ORR and VGPR or better rates in 86 newly diagnosed patients were 79 percent and 44 percent, respectively, after 4 Cycles and increased to 81 percent and 56 percent, respectively, at the end of induction (median 6 Cycles).2 In addition, the VGPR or better rate in 14 relapsed multiple myeloma patients was 57 percent after 4 Cycles and increased to 64 percent at the end of induction, and the ORR stayed consistent at 71 percent (median 7.5 Cycles).2 The 18-month PFS rate was 78 percent in non-transplant newly diagnosed patients and 53 percent in relapsed patients.2 Additionally, the study, which investigated splitting the first dose of daratumumab to shorten the infusion time on Cycle 1, Day 1 (C1D1), showed a safety profile consistent with previous studies.2 Infusion reactions (IRs) occurred in 49 percent of patients on C1D1 and four percent on Cycle 1, Day 2 (C1D2). Fifty-four percent of newly diagnosed patients experienced IRs, the most frequent being chills (14 percent), dyspnea, pruritus and nausea (8 percent each), and cough (7 percent). Fifty-seven percent of relapsed patients experienced IRs, the most frequent being cough (21 percent), hyperhidrosis, dyspnea, and chills (7 percent each). Only two patients experienced a Grade 3 IR, and there were no Grade 4 IRs. There were no daratumumab discontinuations due to IRs. Median infusion time was 4.5 hours for C1D1 and 3.8 hours for C1D2.2 Grade 3/4 TEAEs were reported for 56 percent of patients and the most common (≥10 percent) was neutropenia (13 percent).2

Data presented on the Phase 2 GRIFFIN study investigated daratumumab in combination with bortezomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone (VRd) in a 16-patient safety cohort of newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma who were eligible for high-dose therapy and ASCT.3 Results showed that by the end of consolidation therapy following ASCT, all patients enrolled in the safety run-in obtained VGPR or better, and 63 percent achieved complete response (CR) or better, including 25 percent of patients who achieved sCR.3 Additionally, 94 percent of patients remained progression-free on study treatment at a median follow-up of 16.8 months.3 In addition, 8 of the 16 patients (50 percent) were MRD negative at a level of 10-5 by the end of consolidation.3 Fourteen patients (88 percent) experienced Grade 3/4 TEAEs with 10 (63 percent) related to treatment with daratumumab.3 The most common Grade 3/4 TEAEs (≥10 percent) included neutropenia, pneumonia, thrombocytopaenia, lymphopenia, febrile neutropenia, leukopenia, rash and hypophosphataemia.3 Thirteen patients (81 percent) experienced infections of any grade, including upper respiratory tract infection (six patients), pneumonia (four patients), bronchitis (two patients), and otitis and viral gastroenteritis (two patients each).3 No deaths due to serious adverse events were reported and no patient discontinued treatment due to an adverse event.3 These data suggest that daratumumab induction does not negatively impact stem cell mobilisation as all 16 patients underwent successful mobilisation with subsequent ASCT.3

"Daratumumab offers consistent clinical benefit across all lines of therapy in multiple myeloma and the positive data from the ALCYONE, LYRA and GRIFFIN studies build on the strong body of evidence supporting daratumumab-based regimens," said Dr Catherine Taylor, Haematology Therapy Area Lead, Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA), Janssen-Cilag Limited. "These are important findings for patients which also provide additional insight into the most effective ways to manage care."

#ENDS#

About the ALCYONE Trial4

The randomised, open-label, multicentre Phase 3 ALCYONE (MMY3007) study enrolled 706 newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma who were ineligible for high-dose chemotherapy with ASCT. The median age was 71 years (range: 40-93). Patients were randomised to receive up to nine Cycles of either daratumumab-VMP or VMP alone. In the daratumumab-VMP arm, patients received 16 mg/kg of daratumumab once weekly for the first week (Cycle 1), followed by once every three weeks (Cycles 2-9). Following the nine cycles, patients in the daratumumab-VMP arm continued to receive 16 mg/kg of daratumumab once every four weeks until disease progression.

About the LYRA Trial5

The ongoing, multicentre, single-arm, open-label Phase 2 LYRA (MMY2012) study enrolled 100 adult patients 18 years or older. Patients received 4-8 Cycles of daratumumab combination therapy comprised of oral cyclophosphamide 300 mg/m2 on Days 1, 8, 15 and 22; subcutaneous bortezomib 1.5 mg/m2 on Days 1, 8 and 15; and oral or IV dexamethasone 40 mg weekly every 28 days. Daratumumab was administered at 8 mg/kg IV on Days 1 and 2 of Cycle 1, 16 mg/kg weekly from Cycle 1, Day 8 through Cycle 2, 16 mg/kg every 2 weeks for Cycles 3-6, and 16 mg/kg every 4 weeks for Cycles 7-8. After induction, patients could undergo ASCT. All patients receive 12 cycles of maintenance daratumumab 16 mg/kg IV every 4 weeks.

About the GRIFFIN Trial6

The randomised, open-label Phase 2 GRIFFIN (MMY2004) study has enrolled and treated more than 200 adults 18-70 years eligible for high-dose therapy/ASCT,7 including 16 patients in a safety run-in phase performed to assess potential dose limiting toxicities during Cycle 1 of daratumumab combination with VRd. Patients in the safety run-in received four infusion Cycles of daratumumab and VRd every 21 days followed by stem cell mobilisation, high-dose therapy and ASCT; two consolidation Cycles of daratumumab and VRd; and maintenance therapy with daratumumab and lenalidomide for Cycles 7-32. During induction and consolidation (Cycles 1-6), patients received 25 mg of lenalidomide orally on Days 1-14, 1.3 mg/m2 of bortezomib subcutaneously on Days 1, 4, 8 and 11, and 20 mg of dexamethasone on Days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15 and 16 every 21 days. Daratumumab 16 mg/kg IV was given on Days 1, 8 and 15 of Cycles 1-4 and on Day 1 of Cycles 5-6. During maintenance (Cycles 7-32), patients receive 10 mg daily of lenalidomide (15 mg beginning at Cycle 10 if tolerated) on Days 1-21 every 28 days and daratumumab 16 mg/kg IV every 56 days; this was amended to every 28 days. Maintenance therapy with lenalidomide may be continued beyond Cycle 32 per local standard of care. In the subsequent randomised Phase 2 portion of the study, approximately 200 patients were randomised and received treatment with VRd, ASCT and maintenance therapy with lenalidomide or daratumumab and VRd, ASCT and maintenance therapy with daratumumab and lenalidomide.7

About daratumumab

Daratumumab is a first-in-class biologic targeting CD38, a surface protein that is highly expressed across multiple myeloma cells, regardless of disease stage.8 Daratumumab is believed to induce tumour cell death through multiple immune-mediated mechanisms of action, including complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), as well as through apoptosis, in which a series of molecular steps in a cell lead to its death.9 A subset of myeloid derived suppressor cells (CD38+ MDSCs), CD38+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) and CD38+ B cells (Bregs) were decreased by daratumumab.9 Daratumumab is being evaluated in a comprehensive clinical development programme across a range of treatment settings in multiple myeloma, such as in frontline and relapsed settings.10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17 Additional studies are ongoing or planned to assess its potential in other malignant and pre-malignant haematologic diseases in which CD38 is expressed, such as smouldering myeloma.18,19 For more information, please see www.clinicaltrials.gov.

In Europe, daratumumab is indicated for use in combination with bortezomib, melphalan and prednisone for the treatment of adult patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who are ineligible for autologous stem cell transplant, as monotherapy for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma, whose prior therapy included a proteasome inhibitor and an immunomodulatory agent and who have demonstrated disease progression on the last therapy, and in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone, or bortezomib and dexamethasone, for the treatment of adult patients with multiple myeloma who have received at least one prior therapy.9 For further information on daratumumab, please see the Summary of Product Characteristics at View Source

In August 2012, Janssen Biotech, Inc. and Genmab A/S entered a worldwide agreement, which granted Janssen an exclusive licence to develop, manufacture and commercialise daratumumab.20

About Multiple Myeloma

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable blood cancer that starts in the bone marrow and is characterised by an excessive proliferation of plasma cells.21 More than 45,000 people were diagnosed with multiple myeloma in Europe in 2016, and more than 29,000 patients died.22 Up to half of newly diagnosed patients do not reach five-year survival,23 and almost 29% of patients with multiple myeloma will die within one year of diagnosis.24

Although treatment may result in remission, unfortunately, patients will most likely relapse as there is currently no cure.25 Refractory multiple myeloma is when a patient’s disease progresses within 60 days of their last therapy.26,27 Relapsed cancer is when the disease has returned after a period of initial, partial or complete remission.28 While some patients with MM have no symptoms at all, most patients are diagnosed due to symptoms that can include bone problems, low blood counts, calcium elevation, kidney problems or infections.29 Patients who relapse after treatment with standard therapies, including PIs and immunomodulatory agents, have poor prognoses and few treatment options available.30