Arvinas Presents New Preclinical Data on Oral Androgen Receptor PROTAC® ARV-110 at ASCO 2018 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium

On February 9, 2018 Arvinas LLC, a private biotechnology company creating a new class of drugs based on protein degradation, reported the presentation of new preclinical data on ARV-110, its oral androgen receptor (AR) PROTAC degrader, during a poster session at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) 2018 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium (ASCO GU) in San Francisco (Press release, Arvinas, FEB 9, 2018, View Source [SID1234523877]).

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"More than half of patients whose disease progresses on enzalutamide or abiraterone, exhibit genetic aberrations in the AR gene in their tumors, confirming that the androgen receptor remains a principal driver of metastatic prostate cancer," noted John Houston, Ph.D., President and Chief Executive Officer of Arvinas. "Our preclinical data on oral AR PROTAC ARV-110 suggests that eliminating the receptor will be beneficial to patients, particularly those that would recur on standard of care."

The poster titled, "An oral androgen receptor PROTAC degrader for prostate cancer" (abstract 381), highlights the in vitro and in vivo pharmacodynamics and efficacy of ARV-110 in preclinical prostate cancer models. The studies show that degradation of the androgen receptor with ARV-110 leads to inhibition of AR target gene expression and the proliferation of prostate cancer cell lines. In both classical in vivo prostate cancer xenografts and enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer models, ARV-110 is well tolerated and demonstrates robust efficacy at low oral doses, accompanied by AR degradation and inhibition of AR signaling.

Regulating AR signaling has long shown benefit in controlling the progression of prostate cancer but efficacy is limited using current standard of care AR inhibitors. Arvinas’ approach to addressing prostate cancer focuses on degrading the AR, resulting in more profound anti-cancer effects and differential biology, versus inhibition. Inhibition is a competitive process so increased androgen production, and increased expression of the AR and specific mutations of the receptor are well-studied mechanisms of resistance to AR inhibition. PROTAC-mediated degradation is an iterative, event-driven process, and therefore less susceptible to increases in endogenous ligand, target expression, or mutations in the target.

Abstracts are available on the Arvinas website under Publications at www.arvinas.com.

About PROTAC Platform

The PROTAC Platform offers potential improvements over traditional small molecule inhibitors by using the cell’s natural and selective ubiquitin- proteasome system to degrade disease-causing proteins. By removing target proteins directly rather than simply inhibiting them, PROTACs can provide multiple advantages over small molecule inhibitors which can require high systemic exposure to achieve sufficient inhibition, often resulting in toxic side effects and eventual drug resistance. With multiple protein targets, Arvinas’ PROTAC platform has demonstrated that a transient binding event at a range of binding sites and affinities can translate into very potent degradation of the target protein.

Constellation Pharmaceuticals Announces Upcoming Presentations of Lead EZH2 and BET Clinical Programs

On February 9, 2018 Constellation Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing tumor-targeted and immuno-oncology therapies based on its pioneering research and development in cancer epigenetics, reported scientific and clinical presentations on its most advanced EZH2 and BET clinical development candidates at three upcoming conferences (Press release, Constellation Pharmaceuticals, FEB 9, 2018, View Source [SID1234523878]).

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Keystone Symposia for Cancer Epigenetics: New Mechanisms, New Therapies

Title: EZH2 inhibitor treatment results in genome-wide EZH2 re-distribution to genes required for terminal differentiation of germinal center B cells
Session Name: Poster Session 1
Type: Poster Presentation
Presenter: CC Yuan
Date: February 11, 2018
Time: 7:30 to 10:00 p.m. MST (9:30 p.m. to midnight EST)
Location: Breckenridge Ballroom, Beaver Run Resort, Breckenridge, Colorado, USA

Epigenetics Conference: From Mechanisms to Disease

Title: Utilizing chemical biology to identify novel strategies targeting histone acetyl signaling in cancer
Session Name: Heterochromatin and Chemical Biology Approaches
Type: Oral Presentation
Presenter: Rob Sims
Date: February 17, 2018
Time: 11:15 to 11:45 a.m. EST
Location: Fiesta Americana Condesa Hotel, Cancun, Mexico

2018 International Targeted Anticancer Therapies (TAT) Congress/ESMO

Title: A Phase I Study of CPI-0610, a Bromodomain and Extra Terminal Protein (BET) Inhibitor in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Lymphoma
Presentation Number: 41O
Session Name: Proffered Paper Session 2
Type: Oral Presentation
First Author: Kristie A. Blum
Presenter: Adrian Senderowicz
Date: March 6, 2018
Time: 11:00 to 11:12 a.m. CET (5:00 to 5:12 a.m. EST)
Location: Room Scene AB, Paris Marriott Rive Gauche, Paris, France

Title: A Phase 1 Study of CPI-1205, a Small Molecule Inhibitor of EZH2, Preliminary Safety in Patients with B-Cell Lymphomas
Presentation Number: 42O
Session Name: Proffered Paper Session 2
Type: Oral Presentation
First Author: Wael Harb
Presenter: Claudia Lebedinsky
Date: March 6, 2018
Time: 11:15 to 11:27 a.m. CET (5:15 to 5:27 a.m. EST)
Location: Room Scene AB, Paris Marriott Rive Gauche, Paris, France

About CPI-1205
CPI-1205 is an experimental small molecule therapy that is designed to inhibit the enzymatic activity of Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2). The function of EZH2 is to selectively suppress gene expression of several tumor suppressor pathways and pathways that contribute to drug resistance.

About CPI-0610
CPI-0610 is an experimental small-molecule therapy designed to inhibit the expression of several genes involved in cancer and fibrosis, including MYC, BCL2, NF-κB and TGF-β-induced collagen by binding to a family of proteins known as bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET).

ImmunoGen Reports Pipeline Progress and 2017 Operating Results

On February 9, 2018 ImmunoGen, Inc. (Nasdaq: IMGN), a leader in the expanding field of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) for the treatment of cancer, reported recent highlights and operating results for the quarter and year ended December 31, 2017 (Press release, ImmunoGen, FEB 9, 2018, View Source [SID1234523879]).

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"We made significant progress with the business in 2017, with four consecutive quarters of strong execution across the Company. Operationally, we advanced our monotherapy registration study and published compelling combination data with mirvetuximab, expanded our clinical pipeline, and established a high-value partnership with Jazz Pharmaceuticals supporting our earlier-stage programs. Financially, we added over $235 million in cash and eliminated roughly $100 million in debt on the balance sheet through business development and financing transactions," said Mark Enyedy, ImmunoGen’s president and chief executive officer. "With the momentum we generated in the last twelve months, we enter 2018 from a position of strength with a number of important catalysts expected during the year. We anticipate completing patient enrollment in our FORWARD I Phase 3 registration trial by mid-year, multiple data readouts from our FORWARD II trial assessing combinations with mirvetuximab beginning next month at the Society of Gynecologic Oncology annual meeting, and clinical data from our Phase 1 trials of both IMGN779 and IMGN632 later in the year. With these anticipated events, we look forward to another productive year in 2018 as we advance our pipeline to bring new therapies to patients and create value for our shareholders."

Recent Pipeline Highlights

· Activated more than 100 sites in North America and Europe in the Company’s ongoing Phase 3 FORWARD I trial of mirvetuximab soravtansine as single-agent therapy for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer enabling rapid patient enrollment;

· Advanced the Company’s Phase 1b/2 FORWARD II trial in North America and Europe evaluating mirvetuximab soravtansine combination regimens in separate expansion cohorts with Keytruda (pembrolizumab) and Avastin (bevacizumab) for platinum-resistant disease, and initiated patient dosing in a new cohort to evaluate the triplet combination of mirvetuximab plus carboplatin and Avastin in patients with platinum-sensitive disease;

· Reported updated safety data and preliminary anti-leukemia activity from the dose-escalation phase of the Phase 1 clinical trial of IMGN779 in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) at the 2017 American Society of Hematology (ASH) (Free ASH Whitepaper) Annual Meeting;

· Began dosing patients in the Company’s Phase 1 clinical trial of IMGN632, a CD123-targeting ADC integrating a potent DNA-alkylating payload intended to treat a range of hematological malignancies, including AML and blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN); and

· Received notice that partner Takeda has filed an IND for TAK-164, an ADC directed to GCC-positive tumors using ImmunoGen’s IGN platform.

Facilities Update

· Following an in-depth review of the Company’s manufacturing strategy, ImmunoGen will move to an operating model that will rely on external manufacturing and quality testing for drug substance and drug product for its development programs. The implementation of this new operating model will lead to the ramp-down of manufacturing and quality activities at the Company’s Norwood, Massachusetts facility by the end of 2018, with a full exit of the site by early 2019. Decommissioning the Norwood facility will result in anticipated cost savings of over $20 million during the next five years.

· The Norwood facility has been a long-standing staple of ImmunoGen’s business, delivering high-quality products to patients and partners without interruption for more than 25 years. The Company is grateful for the contributions that its Norwood-based employees have made and will support these employees through the transition.

Anticipated 2018 Events

· Conduct interim analysis from FORWARD I, for futility only, in 1Q 2018;

· Report updated dose-escalation findings from the FORWARD II mirvetuximab plus Keytruda combination cohort at the Society of Gynecologic Oncology annual meeting (March 2018);

· Present highlights from ImmunoGen’s technology and innovation in ADCs at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) (Free AACR Whitepaper) annual meeting (April 2018);

· Anticipate partner Takeda to begin clinical development of TAK-164 in the first half of 2018;

· Report updated data from the FORWARD II mirvetuximab plus Avastin combination expansion cohort in over 50 patients in the first half of 2018;

· Complete patient enrollment in FORWARD I by mid-year;

· Report findings from the FORWARD II mirvetuximab plus Keytruda combination expansion cohort in over 30 patients the second half of the year;

· Report additional data from IMGN779 Phase 1 study in 4Q 2018;

· Report initial data from IMGN632 Phase 1 study in 4Q 2018; and

· Advance our ADAM9 program into IND-enabling activities before year-end.

Financial Results

As previously disclosed, effective January 1, 2017, ImmunoGen transitioned to a fiscal year ending December 31. The years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 reflect the twelve-month results of the respective calendar years.

Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2017 were $115.4 million, compared to $48.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. License and milestone fees of $79.5 million for 2017 included a $30 million paid-up license fee related to an amendment to the Company’s collaboration and license agreement with Sanofi, $29.5 million related to the sale and transfer of the Company’s IMGN529 asset to Debiopharm, $7 million in partner milestone payments and $12.7 million in amortization of a non-cash fee related to the Company’s license agreement with CytomX, compared to $15 million in partner milestone payments received in 2016. Revenues for 2017 included $28.1 million in non-cash royalty revenues, compared with $26.2 million in non-cash royalty revenues for 2016. Revenues for 2017 also included $3.5 million of research and development (R&D) support fees and $4.4 million of clinical materials revenue, compared with $5.2 million and $1.9 million, respectively, for 2016.

Operating expenses, including R&D and G&A expenses, for 2017 were $174.4 million, compared to $184.3 million for 2016. R&D expenses for 2017 decreased to $139.7 million, compared to $141.3 million for 2016, primarily due to a workforce reduction resulting from the strategic review in September 2016 and lower third-party service fees, partially offset by increased clinical trial and drug supply costs driven largely by the advancement of the FORWARD I Phase 3 clinical trial. General and administrative expenses decreased in 2017 to $33.9 million, compared to $38.5 million in 2016, primarily due to lower personnel expenses. Operating expenses for 2016 also included a $4.4 million restructuring charge related to the workforce reduction and a loss on leased office space, compared to a $0.8 million charge in 2017 related to additional loss recorded on leased office space.

In September and November 2017, a total of $97.9 million of convertible debt outstanding was converted into 26.2 million shares of the Company’s common stock, resulting in a $22.9 million non-cash debt conversion charge recorded in 2017. With this conversion, the Company’s outstanding debt is reduced to $2.1 million. In October 2017, pursuant to a public offering, the Company sold an aggregate of 16.7 million shares of its common stock, with net proceeds to the Company of $101.7 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and offering expenses.

ImmunoGen reported a net loss of $96.0 million, or $0.98 per basic and diluted share, for 2017, which included a loss of $0.23 per basic and diluted share relating to the non-cash debt conversion charge, compared to a net loss of $156.7 million, or $1.80 per basic and diluted share, for 2016.

ImmunoGen had $267.1 million in cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2017, compared with $160.0 million as of December 31, 2016, and had $2.1 million and $100.0 million of convertible debt outstanding as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. Cash provided by operations was $7.6 million for 2017, compared with cash used in operations of $(142.6) million for 2016. The current year benefited from $59.5 million of fees received from Sanofi and Debiopharm, which were included in revenue for 2017, and a $75 million upfront

payment received from Jazz, which is included in deferred revenue as of December 31, 2017. Capital expenditures were $1.1 million and $6.7 million for 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Financial Guidance

For 2018, ImmunoGen expects:

· revenues between $60 million and $65 million;

· operating expenses between $185 million and $190 million; and

· cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2018 between $115 million and $120 million.

ImmunoGen expects that its current cash combined with the expected cash revenues from partners and collaborators will enable the Company to fund its operations into the fourth quarter of 2019.

Conference Call Information

ImmunoGen will hold a conference call today at 8:00 am ET to discuss these results. To access the live call by phone, dial 719-325-4917; the conference ID is 5734226. The call may also be accessed through the Investors section of the Company’s website, www.immunogen.com. Following the webcast, a replay of the call will be available at the same location through February 23, 2018.

Seattle Genetics and Pieris Pharmaceuticals Announce Multi-Program Immuno-Oncology Collaboration

On February 9, 2018 Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (NASDAQ: PIRS), a clinical-stage biotechnology company advancing novel biotherapeutics through its proprietary Anticalin technology platform for cancer, respiratory and other diseases, and Seattle Genetics, Inc. (NASDAQ: SGEN), a global biotechnology company developing innovative, targeted therapies for cancer, reported they have entered into a collaboration and license agreement with the goal of developing multiple targeted bispecific immuno-oncology treatments for solid tumors and blood cancers (Press release, Seattle Genetics, FEB 9, 2018, View Source;p=RssLanding&cat=news&id=2331570 [SID1234523875]).

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The collaboration leverages the expertise and core technologies of both companies to develop novel Antibody-Anticalin fusion proteins. Pieris’ proprietary suite of agonistic costimulatory Anticalin proteins, when fused to a tumor-targeting antibody, can activate the immune system preferentially in the tumor microenvironment. Seattle Genetics, through its industry-leading work in the field of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), has a substantial portfolio of cancer targets and tumor-specific monoclonal antibodies from which programs will be selected for the collaboration. The bispecific drug candidates in this alliance will be designed to enable the patient’s immune cells to specifically attack tumors.

"As the industry leader in ADCs, we bring deep expertise in targeted cancer therapy development to this collaboration with Pieris," said Dennis Benjamin, Ph.D., Senior Vice President of Research at Seattle Genetics. "Pieris’ Anticalin technology and Antibody-Anticalin bispecific approach are intended to overcome the limitations of currently available immuno-oncology products. This partnership leverages our cancer targets and tumor-specific antibodies to explore multiple novel bispecific combinations, with the goal of developing targeted therapies that improve outcomes for people with cancer."

Under the terms of the agreement, Seattle Genetics will pay Pieris a $30 million upfront fee, tiered royalties on net sales up to low double-digits, and up to $1.2 billion in total success-based payments across three product candidates. The companies will pursue multiple Antibody-Anticalin fusion proteins during the research phase, and Seattle Genetics has the option to select up to three therapeutic programs for further development. Prior to the initiation of a pivotal trial, Pieris may opt into global co-development and US commercialization of the second program and share in global costs and profits on a 50/50 basis. Seattle Genetics will solely develop, fund and commercialize the other two programs.

"Pieris was the first company to bring a tumor-targeted costimulatory bispecific to patients with PRS-343, and we are looking forward to broadening our bispecific pipeline through this alliance. Seattle Genetics is a compelling partner for Pieris with a long-standing commitment to oncology," said Stephen S. Yoder, President and CEO of Pieris. "The collaboration combines the excellent protein engineering and translational capabilities of both companies, utilizing Seattle Genetics’ tumor-targeted monoclonal antibodies and Pieris’ Anticalin proteins to create novel bispecifics. This is our third significant alliance since January 2017 and is in alignment with our goal to create a respiratory- and oncology-focused commercial company."

About Anticalin Therapeutics:

Anticalin proteins are derived from lipocalins, small human proteins that naturally bind, store and transport a wide spectrum of molecules. Anticalin proteins feature the typical four-loop variable region and a rigidly conserved beta-barrel backbone of lipocalins, which, together, form a shapeable cup-like binding pocket. Proprietary to Pieris, Anticalin proteins are a novel class of protein therapeutics validated in the clinic and by partnerships with leading pharmaceutical companies. Anticalin is a registered trademark of Pieris.

Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2017 Financial Results and Highlights Recent Period Activity

On February 8, 2018 Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq: ALNY), the leading RNAi therapeutics company, reported its consolidated financial results for the fourth quarter and full year 2017 and highlighted recent progress in advancing its pipeline (Press release, Alnylam, FEB 8, 2018, View Source [SID1234523814]).

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"2017 was a defining inflection point in Alnylam’s history, with positive results from the APOLLO Phase 3 study culminating in regulatory filings for patisiran, a first-ever milestone for RNAi, with the potential to bring a whole new class of innovative therapeutics to the forefront of medicine. With newly acquired rest-of-world rights, we anticipate making patisiran available to hATTR amyloidosis patients around the world starting with the U.S. in mid-2018, followed by European countries in late 2018, and then Japan and other countries shortly thereafter. To this end, we have initiated a staged build of global medical and commercial capabilities to expand our reach and ensure that patients and physicians are educated about this rare disease and the safety and efficacy profile of patisiran, upon market approval," said John Maraganore, Ph.D., Chief Executive Officer of Alnylam. "Beyond patisiran, we advanced our late-stage pipeline with three additional RNAi therapeutics in Phase 3 development, including givosiran for acute hepatic porphyrias in our ENVISION Phase 3 study, with topline interim analysis results expected in mid-2018. Also, together with our partners Sanofi and The Medicines Company, we restarted fitusiran in the ATLAS Phase 3 study and advanced inclisiran in the ORION-9, -10, and -11 Phase 3 studies, respectively, with results expected for both programs in 2019. In sum, we believe our efforts position the Company to achieve its Alnylam 2020 goals of building a multi-product, commercial-stage company with a deep clinical-stage pipeline and robust product engine by the end of 2020, a profile rarely achieved in biotech history."

Fourth Quarter 2017 and Recent Significant Corporate Highlights

Advanced patisiran, an investigational RNAi therapeutic for the treatment of patients with hereditary ATTR amyloidosis.
Presented positive, final results from the APOLLO Phase 3 pivotal study.
Completed the rolling submission of a New Drug Application (NDA) with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and submitted a Marketing Authorisation Application (MAA) to the European Medicines Agency (EMA), with the agencies recently accepting both applications.
Received Breakthrough Therapy Designation and Priority Review status from the FDA, and expansion of patisiran’s Orphan Drug Designation to the "treatment of transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis (ATTR amyloidosis)." In addition, patisiran received Accelerated Assessment status from the EMA, and has been designated as a Promising Innovative Medicine (PIM) by the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) in the U.K.
In response to the urgent need for treatment of patients living with hATTR amyloidosis, the Company is fulfilling requests from treating physicians for early access or compassionate use of patisiran; the Company announces today that, to date, more than 100 eligible patients have begun treatment with patisiran under these programs in the U.S. and EU.
Advanced ALN-TTRsc02, a once-quarterly, subcutaneously administered investigational RNAi therapeutic in development for the treatment of ATTR amyloidosis.
Reaffirmed guidance to initiate a comprehensive Phase 3 program for ALN-TTRsc02 in late 2018.
Advanced givosiran, an investigational RNAi therapeutic in development for the treatment of acute hepatic porphyrias (AHPs), with initiation of the ENVISION Phase 3 study.
The Company reached alignment with global regulatory authorities on the design of the ENVISION study, including with the FDA on an interim analysis based on reduction of urinary aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a biomarker that the FDA considers reasonably likely to predict clinical benefit.
The Company announces today that the interim analysis is also designed to conduct a blinded assessment of the porphyria attack rate for the purpose of a study sample size adjustment from approximately 75 patients to up to approximately 94 patients.
The Company has guided that it expects interim analysis results in mid-2018 and, pending FDA review of the program at the time of interim analysis and assuming positive results, it expects to submit an NDA at or around year-end 2018.
Advanced fitusiran, an investigational RNAi therapeutic in development for the treatment of hemophilia A and B with or without inhibitors, and reached alignment with the FDA on safety measures and a risk mitigation strategy resulting in a lift of the temporary hold on clinical studies.
Alnylam’s partner, The Medicines Company, initiated the ORION-9, -10, and -11 Phase 3 clinical studies for inclisiran in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH), atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or ASCVD-risk equivalents, and completed enrollment in the approximately 1,500 patient ORION-11 study ahead of schedule.
Advanced lumasiran (formerly known as ALN-GO1), an investigational RNAi therapeutic in development for the treatment of primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1), with new positive data from the Phase 1/2 study presented at the American Society of Nephrology Kidney Week 2017 Annual Meeting.
Announced a strategic restructuring of the Company’s rare disease alliance with Sanofi, originally formed in 2014, with Alnylam obtaining global rights to its ATTR amyloidosis programs – patisiran and ALN-TTRsc02 – and Sanofi obtaining global rights to fitusiran.
Joined a research consortium with the UK Biobank, Regeneron, and four major pharmaceutical companies aimed at generating 500,000 human exome sequences linked to medical records by the end of 2019.
Announced a licensing agreement with Vir Biotechnology for the development and commercialization of RNAi therapeutics for infectious diseases, including HBV.
Upcoming Events in Early 2018

Alnylam announces today that it will present additional data from the APOLLO Phase 3 study of patisiran at the International Symposium on Amyloidosis (ISA), being held March 26-29, 2018 in Kumamoto, Japan.
The Company also announces that it will present additional data from the Phase 1 and Phase 2 OLE studies of givosiran at the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) 53rd Annual International Liver Congress, being held April 11-15, 2018 in Paris, France, in an oral presentation on Saturday, April 14 at 10:00 am Central European Time (4:00 am ET).
The Medicines Company has guided its intention to complete enrollment in the ORION-9 and -10 pivotal studies of inclisiran in early 2018.
Alnylam and Sanofi expect to enroll patients in the ATLAS Phase 3 program of fitusiran in patients with hemophilia A or B with and without inhibitors throughout the year, with resumption of dosing expected in early 2018.
Financial results for the quarter and year ended December 31, 2017

"Alnylam’s robust balance sheet and overall financial position allow for the staged build of commercial capabilities and the execution of anticipated product launches in the U.S. and Europe during 2018, assuming regulatory approvals," said Manmeet Soni, Chief Financial Officer of Alnylam. "We also continue to invest in our broad pipeline of investigational RNAi therapeutics, advancing our Phase 3 development programs in addition to several other programs in early- to mid-stage clinical development."

Cash and Investments
At December 31, 2017, Alnylam had cash, cash equivalents and fixed income marketable securities, and restricted investments of $1.73 billion, as compared to $1.09 billion at December 31, 2016.

In November 2017, Alnylam sold an aggregate of 6,440,000 shares of its common stock through an underwritten public offering at a price to the public of $125.00 per share. As a result of the offering, which included the full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, Alnylam received aggregate net proceeds of $784.5 million.

Credit Agreements
In December 2017, Alnylam repaid $120.0 million under its term loan agreements outstanding. The obligations under its remaining term loan agreement are secured by cash collateral equal to the principal amount of the terms loan outstanding. As a result, in connection with this repayment, Alnylam’s restricted investments decreased by $120.0 million in December 2017.

GAAP and Non-GAAP Net Loss
The net loss according to accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (GAAP) for the fourth quarter of 2017 was $142.2 million, or $1.48 per share on both a basic and diluted basis, as compared to a net loss of $112.9 million, or $1.32 per share on both a basic and diluted basis, for the same period in the previous year. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the net loss was $490.9 million, or $5.42 per share on both a basic and diluted basis, as compared to a net loss of $410.1 million, or $4.79 per share on both a basic and diluted basis, for prior year.

The non-GAAP net loss for the fourth quarter of 2017 was $115.1 million, or $1.20 per share on both a basic and diluted basis, as compared to a non-GAAP net loss of $92.3 million, or $1.08 per share on both a basic and diluted basis for the same period in the previous year. The non-GAAP net loss for the year ended December 31, 2017 was $398.1 million, or $4.40 per share on both a basic and diluted basis, as compared to a non-GAAP net loss of $334.6 million, or $3.91 per share on both a basic and diluted basis, for prior year.

The non-GAAP net loss excludes stock-based compensation expense. See "Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" below for a description of non-GAAP financial measures and a reconciliation between GAAP and non-GAAP net loss appearing later in this press release.

Revenues
Revenues were $37.9 million in the fourth quarter of 2017, as compared to $17.5 million in the fourth quarter of 2016. Revenues for the fourth quarter of 2017 included $20.1 million from the Company’s alliance with The Medicines Company, $13.4 million from the Company’s alliance with Sanofi Genzyme, and $4.4 million from other sources. Revenues were $89.9 million in the year ended December 31, 2017, as compared to $47.2 million in the year ended December 31, 2016. Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2017 included $54.6 million from the Company’s alliance with Sanofi Genzyme, $30.2 million from the Company’s alliance with The Medicines Company, and $5.1 million from other sources.

GAAP and Non-GAAP Research and Development Expenses
GAAP research and development (R&D) expenses were $117.8 million in the fourth quarter of 2017 as compared to $105.0 million in the fourth quarter of 2016. GAAP R&D expenses were $390.6 million in the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to $382.4 million for the prior year.

Non-GAAP R&D expenses were $102.9 million in the fourth quarter of 2017 as compared to $95.0 million in the fourth quarter of 2016. Non-GAAP R&D expenses were $338.8 million in the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to $339.4 million for the prior year. Non-GAAP R&D expenses exclude stock-based compensation expense. A reconciliation between GAAP and non-GAAP R&D expenses appears later in this press release.

GAAP and Non-GAAP General and Administrative Expenses
GAAP general and administrative (G&A) expenses were $67.5 million in the fourth quarter of 2017 as compared to $27.9 million in the fourth quarter of 2016. GAAP G&A expenses were $199.4 million in the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to $89.4 million for the prior year.

Non-GAAP G&A expenses were $55.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2017 as compared to $17.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2016. Non-GAAP G&A expenses were $158.4 million in the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to $56.8 million for the prior year. Non-GAAP G&A expenses exclude stock-based compensation expense. A reconciliation between GAAP and non-GAAP G&A expenses appears later in this press release.

2018 Financial Guidance

Alnylam expects that its cash, cash equivalents and fixed income marketable securities, restricted cash and restricted investments balance will be approximately $1.0 billion at December 31, 2018.

The Company expects its 2018 annual Non-GAAP R&D expenses to be in the range of $400 to $440 million and Non-GAAP selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses to be in the range of $280 to $320 million. Both Non-GAAP R&D and SG&A expenses exclude stock-based compensation expenses.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
This press release contains non-GAAP financial measures, including expenses adjusted to exclude certain non-cash expenses. These measures are not in accordance with, or an alternative to, GAAP, and may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies.

The item included in GAAP presentations but excluded for purposes of determining non-GAAP financial measures for the periods presented in the press release is stock-based compensation expense. The Company has excluded the impact of stock-based compensation expense, which may fluctuate from period to period based on factors including the variability associated with performance-based grants for stock options and restricted stock units and changes in the Company’s stock price, which impacts the fair value of these awards.

The Company believes the presentation of non-GAAP financial measures provides useful information to management and investors regarding the Company’s financial condition and results of operations. When GAAP financial measures are viewed in conjunction with non-GAAP financial measures, investors are provided with a more meaningful understanding of the Company’s ongoing operating performance. In addition, these non-GAAP financial measures are among those indicators the Company uses as a basis for evaluating performance, allocating resources and planning and forecasting future periods. Non-GAAP financial measures are not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for GAAP financial measures. A reconciliation between GAAP and non-GAAP measures is provided later in this press release.

Conference Call Information
Management will provide an update on the Company and discuss fourth quarter and year end 2017 results as well as expectations for the future via conference call on Thursday, February 8, 2018 at 8:30 a.m. ET. To access the call, please dial 877-312-7507 (domestic) or 631-813-4828 (international) five minutes prior to the start time and refer to conference ID 9496435. A replay of the call will be available beginning at 11:30 a.m. ET on the day of the call. To access the replay, please dial 855-859-2056 (domestic) or 404-537-3406 (international), and refer to conference ID 9496435.

About RNAi

RNAi (RNA interference) is a natural cellular process of gene silencing that represents one of the most promising and rapidly advancing frontiers in biology and drug development today. Its discovery has been heralded as "a major scientific breakthrough that happens once every decade or so," and was recognized with the award of the 2006 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. By harnessing the natural biological process of RNAi occurring in our cells, a major new class of medicines, known as RNAi therapeutics, is on the horizon. Small interfering RNA (siRNA), the molecules that mediate RNAi and comprise Alnylam’s RNAi therapeutic platform, function upstream of today’s medicines by potently silencing messenger RNA (mRNA) – the genetic precursors – that encode for disease-causing proteins, thus preventing them from being made. This is a revolutionary approach with the potential to transform the care of patients with genetic and other diseases.

Alnylam – Sanofi Genzyme Alliance

In January 2014, Alnylam and Sanofi Genzyme, the specialty care global business unit of Sanofi, formed an alliance to accelerate the advancement of RNAi therapeutics as a potential new class of innovative medicines for patients around the world with rare genetic diseases. The alliance enables Sanofi Genzyme to expand its rare disease pipeline with Alnylam’s novel RNAi technology and provides access to Alnylam’s R&D engine, while Alnylam benefits from Sanofi Genzyme’s proven global capabilities to advance late-stage development and, upon commercialization, accelerate market access for these promising genetic medicine products. In January 2018, Alnylam and Sanofi Genzyme restructured their alliance, providing Alnylam with global rights to develop and commercialize products for the treatment of ATTR amyloidosis, including patisiran and ALN-TTRsc02, and Sanofi Genzyme with global rights to develop and commercialize fitusiran for the treatment of hemophilia and other rare bleeding disorders. Sanofi Genzyme continues to have the right to opt into other Alnylam rare genetic disease programs for development and commercialization in territories outside of the United States, Canada and Western Europe, as well as one right to a global license.