Cutaneous mastocytosis, which resembles a subset of urticaria pigmentosa in humans, is rare in dogs. We herein report unrepresentative neoplastic proliferation of mast cells in ventral skin removed routinely from a nine-month-old female laboratory beagle dog at necropsy. A histological examination revealed diffuse extensive cellular infiltration from the superficial to deep dermis in most parts of the skin around the fourth and fifth mammary papilla without nodule formation. Tumor cells were fairly monomorphic, well-differentiated mast cells with round nuclei of small distinct nucleoli and moderate to abundant, slightly eosinophilic and granular cytoplasm. A perivascular arrangement of mast cells was noted at the margin of the lesions. Infiltration of eosinophils and degeneration of collagen were not observed in the dermis. Cutaneous mastocytosis was diagnosed based on these features. A sequence analysis of lesions revealed the deletion of Gln555 to Ile570 within the juxtamembrane domain of c-kit (exon 11).

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The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is an important target for treatment of gastroesophageal cancer. Different slide-based assays are available for assessment of HER2 status. Overexpression of the HER2 protein is assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) whereas amplification of the HER2 gene is assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or other in situ hybridization (ISH) methods. Here we report a summary of the validation data on HER2 IQFISH pharmDx (Dako Omnis), a newly developed assay for the automated staining platform Dako Omnis. This assay uses a non-toxic buffer that significantly reduces the hybridization time, which results in a total turnaround time of less than 4 hours from deparaffinization to counting of the gene and centromere signals. The data reported in the current summary cover method comparison, assessment of staining quality, observer-to-observer reproducibility as well as reproducibility within and between laboratories. Based on data from the different studies it was concluded that HER2 IQFISH pharmDx (Dako Omnis) is a reliable and robust assay, with high precision and at least comparable to the manual HER2 IQFISH pharmDx assay. The HER2 IQFISH pharmDx (Dako Omnis) assay is currently not commercially available outside the Europe Union.

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Exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) was evaluated in an International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monographs as "possibly carcinogenic to humans" in 2001, based on increased childhood leukemia risk observed in epidemiological studies. We conducted a hazard assessment using available scientific evidence published before March 2015, with inclusion of new research findings from the Advanced Research on Interaction Mechanisms of electroMagnetic exposures with Organisms for Risk Assessment (ARIMMORA) project. The IARC Monograph evaluation scheme was applied to hazard identification. In ARIMMORA for the first time, a transgenic mouse model was used to mimic the most common childhood leukemia: new pathogenic mechanisms were indicated, but more data are needed to draw definitive conclusions. Although experiments in different animal strains showed exposure-related decreases of CD8+ T-cells, a role in carcinogenesis must be further established. No direct damage of DNA by exposure was observed. Overall in the literature, there is limited evidence of carcinogenicity in humans and inadequate evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals, with only weak supporting evidence from mechanistic studies. New exposure data from ARIMMORA confirmed that if the association is nevertheless causal, up to 2% of childhood leukemias in Europe, as previously estimated, may be attributable to ELF-MF. In summary, ARIMMORA concludes that the relationship between ELF-MF and childhood leukemia remains consistent with possible carcinogenicity in humans. While this scientific uncertainty is dissatisfactory for science and public health, new mechanistic insight from ARIMMORA experiments points to future research that could provide a step-change in future assessments. Bioelectromagnetics. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Preclinical imaging modalities represent an essential tool to develop a modern and translational biomedical research. To date, Optical Imaging (OI) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) are used principally in separate studies for molecular imaging studies. We decided to combine OI and MRI together through the development of a lentiviral vector to monitor the Wnt pathway response to Lithium Chloride (LiCl) treatment. The construct was stably infected in glioblastoma cells and, after intracranial transplantation in mice, serial MRI and OI imaging sessions were performed to detect human ferritin heavy chain protein (hFTH) and firefly luciferase enzyme (FLuc) respectively. The system allowed also ex vivo analysis using a constitutive fluorescence protein expression. In mice, LiCl administration has shown significantly increment of luminescence signal and a lower signal of T2 values (P<0.05), recorded noninvasively with OI and a 7 Tesla MRI scanner. This study indicates that OI and MRI can be performed in a single in vivo experiment, providing an in vivo proof-of-concept for drug discovery projects in preclinical phase.
Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier B.V.

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On March 18, 2016 Puma Biotechnology, Inc. (NYSE: PBYI), a biopharmaceutical company, reported publication of abstracts on neratinib for the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) (Free AACR Whitepaper) Annual Meeting 2016 (Press release, Puma Biotechnology, MAR 18, 2016, View Source [SID:1234510445]). The AACR (Free AACR Whitepaper) Annual Meeting will be held at the Ernest N. Morial Convention Center in New Orleans from April 16 to April 20.

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Sun, Apr 17, 1:00 – 5:00 p.m. CDT – Abstract 298, Section 16, Poster Board 9: Amplification of mutant ERBB2 drives resistance to the irreversible kinase inhibitor neratinib in ERBB2-mutated breast cancer patients.
FJ Carmona, D Hyman, G Ulaner, J Erinjeri, N Bouvier, H Won, R Cutler, A Alani, M Berger, J Baselga, M Scaltriti.

Tue, Apr 19, 8:00 a.m. – 12:00 p.m. CDT – Abstract 3140, Section 22, Poster Board 7: Differential clonal selection in tumor tissue and cell-free DNA from a neratinib-treated refractory breast cancer patient harboring an activating ERBB2 (HER2) mutation.
L Joenson, CW Yde, O Østrup, M Mau-Sørensen, FC Nielsen, U Lassen

Wed, Apr 20, 8:00 a.m. – 12:00 p.m. CDT – Abstract 4760, Poster Board 11: Efficacy of EGFR/HER2 duel-kinase inhibitors in PDX models harboring known and novel HER2-mutations.
MJ Wick, M Farley, T Vaught, J Meade, M Glassman, A Moriarty, AW Tolcher, D Rasco, A Patnaik, KP Papadopoulos

The abstracts are available online at: View Source;DetailItemID=363#.Vusrr-IrKUk.