On January 22, 2018 Celgene reported Acquisition of Juno Therapeutics (Press release, Juno, JAN 22, 2018, View Source [SID1234524085]).

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On January 22, 2018 TLC (4152.TT) reported that it has signed an agreement with Jixi Biotechnology Partners to form a joint venture in TLC Biopharmaceuticals (H.K.) Limited (TLCHK) with the purpose to conduct clinical studies, register, and commercialize TLC’s pipeline for the China market (Press release, Taiwan Liposome Company, JAN 22, 2018, View Source [SID1234523434]).

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The new partnership’s efforts will take place pursuant to recent reforms by the China Food and Drug Administration office (CFDA), which include initiatives designed to accelerate drug approvals and encourage innovation, including greater alignment of China’s review process with that of the US and the EU.

"We are delighted to be collaborating with Jixi Biotechnology, which has resources and networks in regulatory affairs and commercialization in this critically important territory," says TLC President George Yeh. "This is an important step forward in our support toward China’s ongoing healthcare reforms and is a milestone in our efforts to address the needs of patients worldwide."

Under the terms of the agreements, TLC is entitled to receive US$20 million from Jixi Biotechnology in exchange for a minority stake in TLCHK and TLC will initially retain a majority stake in TLCHK. TLC will grant an exclusive right to TLCHK in the clinical trials, registration and commercialization of TLC’s products and product candidates in China. Upon the achievement of certain milestones prior to obtaining drug approval, Jixi Biotechnology will have the option to acquire additional stakes in exchange for aggregate payments of an additional US$50 million to TLC. Moreover, if TLCHK further fulfills certain corporate events, TLC would also be entitled to an additional payment up to US$60 million.

TLC’s pipeline focuses on the pain management, ophthalmology, and oncology spaces. The leading product candidate, TLC599, is a sustained release dexamethasone injection which has the potential to alleviate pain suffered by some of the estimated 42 million people with knee osteoarthritis in China. TLC399 is a sustained release dexamethasone injection which aims to treat macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion, a disease estimated to affect around 7.4 million patients in China. TLC590 is a sustained release post-surgical analgesic which has the potential to manage pain following surgical operations, of which there are nearly 40 million in China per year. TLC178 is a liposomal formulation of the anticancer drug vinorelbine which has received a Rare Pediatric Disease Designation from the FDA for rhabdomyosarcoma, which will qualify TLC178 in this indication for priority review in the US and may result in the granting of a transferable Priority Review Voucher that can reduce the standard ten-month FDA review time to six months. TLC has two approved products in oncology which are branded generics or off-patent drugs, a fast-growing sector in China.

On January 22, 2018 SillaJen, Inc., (KOSDAQ:215600), a clinical-stage, biotherapeutics company focused on the development of oncolytic immunotherapy products for cancer, and ABL Europe, an ABL, Inc. company providing dedicated viral vector GMP services for gene therapy, oncolytic products and vaccines for all stages of clinical supply, reported that thay have expanded their strategic manufacturing collaboration (Press release, Advanced BioScience Laboratories, JAN 22, 2018, View Source [SID1234565002]). Under the current agreement, ABL is currently manufacturing Pexa-Vec (formerly JX-594) for SillaJen’s multinational, randomized Phase 3, open-label study of Pexa-Vec in patients with advanced liver cancer. Under the expanded agreement, ABL will also provide development, manufacturing & QC release testing services for SillaJen’s pipeline product, JX-970.

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"Based on SillaJen’s established partnership with ABL, we are pleased to further expand our agreement to include another exciting product in our pipeline," stated Georg Roth, Ph.D, Senior Vice President, Technical Operations at SillaJen. "ABL has significant experience in virus manufacturing, and we are glad to be able to utilize their expertise in order to continue to expedite the development of these important oncolytic virus therapies."

"We are excited about the significant potential of SillaJen’s oncolytic immunotherapy products and are pleased to further expand our agreement with an additional product," stated Patrick Mahieux, Ph.D., General Manager of ABL Europe. "Our primary focus is ultimately to safely help patients in need, and so we look forward to applying our twenty-plus years of experience in virus manufacturing to these exciting oncolytic products."

Pexa-Vec Clinical Development Program and SOLVE Platform
Pexa-Vec is the most advanced product candidate from SillaJen’s proprietary SOLVE (Selective Oncolytic Vaccinia Engineering) platform. The vaccinia strain backbone of Pexa-Vec has been used safely in millions of people as part of a worldwide vaccination program. This strain naturally targets cancer cells due to common genetic defects in cancer cells; Pexa-Vec was engineered to enhance this by deleting its thymidine kinase (TK) gene, thus making it dependent on the cellular TK expressed at persistently high levels in cancer cells. Pexa-Vec is also engineered to express the immunogenic GM-CSF protein. GM-CSF complements the cancer cell lysis of the product candidate, leading to a cascade of events resulting in tumor necrosis, tumor vasculature shutdown and sustained anti-tumoral immune attack.

The ongoing Phase 3 study, named the PHOCUS trial, is designed to enroll 600 patients who have not received prior systemic treatment for their cancer. To learn more about the trial, please visit: View Source

About JX-970
JX-970 is an oncolytic virus that is derived from a Western Reserve strain vaccinia virus, and its tumor selectivity has been optimized through deletion of thymidine kinase (TK) and vaccinia growth factor (VGF). In addition, it expresses GM-CSF to stimulate immune responses. In nonclinical studies, the JX-970 backbone exerted a tumor debulking effect and at the same time demonstrated a selective preference for tumor tissues.

On January 22, 2018 Astellas Pharma Inc. (TSE: 4503, President and CEO: Yoshihiko Hatanaka, "Astellas") and Vical Incorporated (NASDAQ: VICL) reported that ASP0113, an investigational DNA vaccine being developed for cytomegalovirus (CMV)-seropositive hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients, did not meet its primary or secondary endpoints in the Phase 3 HELIOS clinical trial (Press release, Astellas Pharma US, JAN 22, 2018, View Source [SID1234523370]). The vaccine was generally well tolerated, with injection-site reactions being the most commonly reported adverse event.

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Astellas is a pharmaceutical company dedicated to improving the health of people around the world. (PRNewsFoto/Astellas Pharma Inc.)

"We are disappointed that the results did not demonstrate a significant improvement in overall survival and reduction in CMV end-organ disease," said Bernhardt G. Zeiher, president of Development, Astellas. "We would like to thank the patients and clinicians who participated in this important trial."

The Phase 3 trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy of ASP0113 compared with placebo in CMV-seropositive recipients undergoing an allogeneic stem cell transplant. Efficacy was assessed using a primary composite endpoint of overall mortality and CMV end-organ disease through the first year following the transplant, an endpoint which was not met. Secondary endpoints of time to first protocol-defined CMV viremia and time to first use of adjudicated CMV-specific antiviral therapy also were not met.

"The Phase 3 trial outcome is disappointing," said Vijay Samant, Vical’s Chief Executive Officer. "Astellas and Vical employees, the investigators and study site personnel did an outstanding job conducting this study, but unfortunately, the vaccine was unable to provide protection against all-cause mortality in this very difficult-to-treat patient population."

The Phase 3 trial was a 1:1 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study that enrolled a total of 514 CMV seropositive subjects undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Randomization was stratified by donor-recipient relatedness and donor CMV serostatus. Subjects were followed for one year post-transplant. For more information about the ASP0113 clinical trial, please visit www.clinicaltrials.gov.

About Cytomegalovirus
CMV is a herpes virus that is estimated to infect more than half of all adults in the United States by age 50, and is even more widespread in developing countries. A healthy immune system typically protects an infected person against CMV disease, but does not prevent or clear latent infection. Individuals whose immune systems are not fully functional are at high risk of CMV reactivation, potentially leading to severe illness or death. Those at greatest risk include HCT and solid-organ transplant recipients, as well as infants born to mothers who first become infected during pregnancy.

About ASP0113
ASP0113 is an investigational vaccine candidate designed to prevent CMV disease and associated complications in CMV-seropositive HCT recipients. ASP0113 is a bivalent DNA vaccine encoding CMV phosphoprotein 65 and glycoprotein B antigens for induction of both cellular and humoral immune responses, formulated with a proprietary poloxamer-based delivery system. ASP0113 was initially developed by Vical which partnered with Astellas for further development and commercialization. ASP0113 received Orphan Drug Designation in the United States and Europe.

On January 22, 2018 The biopharmaceutical company MOLOGEN AG (ISIN DE0006637200; Frankfurt Stock Exchange Prime Standard: MGN) reported data on its lead compound, the TLR9 agonist and immune surveillance reactivator lefitolimod, at the Annual 2018 Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium (ASCO GI) in San Francisco (18 – 20 January 2018) (Press release, Mologen, JAN 22, 2018, View Source [SID1234523467]).

Monotherapy with lefitolimod resulted in a beneficial modulation of the tumor microenvironment (TME) associated with a reduced tumor growth in a murine model of colorectal cancer. The beneficial lefitolimod-induced modulation of the TME strongly supports its potential as cancer immunotherapeutic agent. Hence, in addition to its potential in monotherapy, lefitolimod may also be an ideal partner for immuno-oncology combination approaches, i.e. with checkpoint inhibitors.

"Beneficial modulation of the TME, in other words making immunologically "cold" tumors "hot", is a crucial requirement for the response to immunotherapeutic approaches. The presented data clearly support the mode-of-action of lefitolimod in our late-stage IMPALA study with single-agent lefitolimod in colorectal cancer. In addition they provide an excellent rationale for combining lefitolimod with checkpoint inhibitors. We know that checkpoint inhibitors need help to fully unfold their enormous potential and we believe that our TLR9 agonist lefitolimod will play a major role also in this context", said Dr Matthias Baumann, CMO of MOLOGEN AG.

Beneficial lefitolimod-induced modulation of the TME

After intratumoral injection of lefitolimod an increased infiltration of T cells (CD3+ T cells, especially CD8+ T cells) into the tumor was observed. Furthermore, also an increase of activated CD8+ T cells with cytolytic ("cell destruction capability") potential was determined. In addition, the injection of lefitolimod had a positive impact regarding so-called tumor-associated macrophages – immune cells that interact with tumor cells to influence the initiation, growth and metastasis of tumors. Lefitolimod led to an increase of anti-tumor M1-type macrophages within the tumor, accompanied with a decrease of pro-tumorigenic M2-type macrophages.
Importantly, this beneficial TME modulation from an immunosuppressed ("cold") towards a more immunoreactive ("hot") stage translated into a reduction of tumor growth in the mice.

Lefitolimod as a partner for immuno-oncological combination therapies

The lefitolimod-induced pathway provides the rationale for combining lefitolimod with checkpoint inhibitors. Response rates to checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy vary between different tumor entities and depend on the nature of the TME. "Hot" tumors with a T cell infiltrated TME show better responses. Therefore modulation of the TME is a crucial requirement for the response to immunotherapeutic approaches.
First combination data of lefitolimod with checkpoint inhibitors have been presented at the ASCO (Free ASCO Whitepaper) GI 2017. The data showed that lefitolimod can significantly improve the anti-tumor effect of checkpoint inhibitors, particularly anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies, and thus prolong survival in murine tumor models.

For more information on ASCO (Free ASCO Whitepaper) GI please visit the website:
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