On May 19, 2026 ImmunityBio, Inc. (NASDAQ: IBRX), a commercial-stage immunotherapy company, reported that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has accepted for review the supplemental Biologics License Application (sBLA) for ANKTIVA (nogapendekin alfa inbakicept-pmln) in combination with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) for the treatment of patients with BCG-unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) with papillary disease without carcinoma in situ (CIS). The FDA assigned a PDUFA target action date of January 6, 2027.

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In the filing communication, the FDA stated, "In support of this expansion, you have submitted the results of QUILT-3.032 Cohort B and a literature-based rationale proposing that papillary NMIBC has an overlapping clinical and non-clinical profile with CIS that may allow for extrapolation of results from patients with CIS, as was demonstrated in QUILT-3.032 Cohort A, the basis of the existing indication, to those with papillary-only disease." The Agency further provided insight as to the focus of the review of this sBLA by stating, "The scientific data detailing these overlapping features will be the focus of the review of this sBLA to determine if there is adequate justification to allow for such an extrapolation and expansion of the indication of Anktiva with BCG to include the treatment of patients with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC with papillary tumors," while reiterating their concerns relating to single-arm trials in papillary disease alone (Cohort B) in which the initial indication for CIS and papillary disease (Cohort A) has already been approved in a single-arm trial. If approved, the sBLA would expand the current indication for ANKTIVA plus BCG and further broaden treatment options for patients with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC.

Recently the FDA convened a public workshop on May 18, 2026 titled, "Contemporary Issues in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) Trial Design and Interpretation," which addresses the issues to be reviewed in this sBLA and included discussion among clinicians, scientific experts and thought leaders regarding the biological similarities of CIS and papillary and the treatment decisions for patients with papillary disease alone. The meeting was available to the public in real-time. At the workshop, panelists stated that CIS and papillary disease arise from the same cancer inducing clone, is therefore the same disease and the clinical decision treatment made when papillary disease alone is identified in the real-world is to treat the patient with already FDA approved therapies for CIS and papillary disease. These statements made by the expert panel at the FDA workshop on May 18, 2026, are consistent with the decision of the NCCN panel of experts to designate on March 2026, the treatment of BCG unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer papillary disease as a Category 2A guideline for practicing urologists treating such patients with papillary disease alone.

The FDA workshop meeting goals included the issues directly pertinent to sBLA submission currently under review and, as the Agency stated, the focus of the sBLA review as follows:

"Discuss the similarities and differences between the two types of histology (papillary and CIS) observed in NMIBC and implications for the demonstration of efficacy in clinical trials."

"Patients with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC with papillary disease are faced with the option of a total radical cystectomy and continue to face limited treatment options with no FDA approved therapy to date that strives to preserve the bladder, while reducing the risk of disease progression to muscle-invasive cancer," said Patrick Soon-Shiong, M.D., Founder, Executive Chairman and Global Chief Scientific and Medical Officer of ImmunityBio. "The FDA’s acceptance of this supplemental application for review represents an important step toward potentially expanding access to ANKTIVA plus BCG for patients with high-grade BCG unresponsive NMIBC. We were encouraged by the scientific discussion at the recent FDA workshop regarding the biological overlap between CIS and papillary disease and the current real-world treatment approaches for these patients. We look forward to continuing to work with the Agency during its review of the application."

Dr. Soon-Shiong who attended the FDA workshop, further stated, "The feedback from the thought leaders at the FDA workshop meeting relating to the real-world clinical treatment of patients with papillary disease alone was significantly important in informing the Agency of the clinical and scientific views of clinicians treating patients with high-grade non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Of significance was the statements by the panelists at the FDA workshop, that when patients with this indication of papillary disease alone are identified, the conclusion was that CIS may indeed exist but not identified and furthermore the identification of CIS was irrelevant in their treatment decisions. The panelists stated that in this instance, the treatment for these patients in the real-world was to offer therapies that are already approved by the FDA for BCG unresponsive NMIBC with CIS and papillary disease, emphasizing the real-world need for an approved therapy for patients with papillary disease alone. I was grateful for these insights and the consistency of these statements with the recent designation by the expert panel at NCCN to provide Category 2A inclusion as part of the guidelines for practicing physicians managing patients with BCG unresponsive NMIBC papillary disease alone," he said.

The supplemental application is supported by data from the QUILT 3.032 Phase 2/3 trial (Cohort B; NCT03022825) in 80 patients with high-grade papillary-only NMIBC. As published in The Journal of Urology (Chang et al., 2025), the study met its primary endpoint with a 12-month disease-free survival (DFS) rate of 58.2% (95% confidence interval: 46.6-68.2%).

The ultimate clinical goal of the treatment of patients with high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer is to avoid or delay a life-changing total radical cystectomy, which is fraught with high morbidity and mortality rates, and to prevent progression of the disease from non-muscle invasive to muscle-invasive and metastasis. The secondary endpoints of the chemo-free immunotherapy based treatment of ANKTIVA plus BCG in Cohort B that identifies the results addressing this goal of delaying progression into muscle-invasiveness and accomplishing bladder sparing are:

Progression Free Survival (PFS)
Cystectomy Free Survival
Disease Specific Survival (DSS)
The data submitted to the Agency regarding these secondary endpoints for consideration and published in peer reviewed journals (New England Journal of Medicine and Journal of Urology), as well as accepted by NCCN with a Category 2A designation for patients treated with intravesical ANKTIVA plus BCG with BCG unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and papillary disease alone demonstrated:

Progression-Free Survival (PFS): 94.9% at 12 months and 82.0% at 36 months, indicating durable prevention of progression to muscle-invasive disease.
Cystectomy Free Survival: Bladder preservation remained high, with cystectomy-free survival of 92.2% at 12 months and 83.1% at 36 months, meaning over 80% of patients avoided radical cystectomy through three years of follow-up.
Disease-Specific Survival (DSS): 96.0% Disease-Specific Survival (DSS) rate at 36 months, with median DSS not yet reached at time of submission of the sBLA.
The safety data submitted in this supplemental BLA was consistent with the safety data of the indication already approved, demonstrating qualitatively that the serious adverse events of ANKTIVA when combined with BCG was consistent with that of BCG alone.

ANKTIVA plus BCG was previously approved by the FDA in April 2024 for the treatment of adult patients with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC with carcinoma in situ (CIS), with or without papillary tumors. Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) represents approximately 80% of all bladder cancer diagnoses in the United States, approximately 85% of people diagnosed with NMIBC in the U.S. each year present with papillary disease. Patients with papillary disease who become unresponsive to BCG therapy face a high risk of recurrence and progression and often have limited bladder-sparing treatment options available.

"Today’s acceptance of the supplemental BLA represents an important milestone for ImmunityBio and for patients with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC," said Richard Adcock, President and CEO of ImmunityBio. "ANKTIVA is already approved for patients with CIS with or without papillary disease, and this application has the potential to expand access to patients with papillary-only disease, the larger segment of the BCG-unresponsive population. The revelation by the clinicians at the FDA workshop that they treat patients today with papillary disease alone by offering off-label FDA approved therapies for papillary and CIS disease, emphasizes the urgent need for this therapy to be made available to patients suffering from high-grade NMIBC. If approved, this expanded indication would further position ANKTIVA plus BCG as an important immunotherapy option across the NMIBC treatment landscape, enabling insurance reimbursement, making this chemotherapy free treatment available to more patients."

About ANKTIVA (nogapendekin alfa inbakicept-pmln)

The interleukin-15 (IL-15) cytokine plays a crucial role in the immune system by affecting the development, maintenance, and function of key immune cells—NK and CD8+ killer T cells—that are involved in killing cancer cells. By activating NK cells, ANKTIVA overcomes the tumor escape phase of clones resistant to T cells and restores memory T cell activity with resultant prolonged duration of complete response. ANKTIVA is a first-in-class IL-15 receptor agonist IgG1 fusion complex, consisting of an IL-15 mutant (IL-15N72D) fused with an IL-15 receptor alpha, which binds with high affinity to IL-15 receptors on NK, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells. This fusion complex of ANKTIVA mimics the natural biological properties of the membrane-bound IL-15 receptor alpha, delivering IL-15 by dendritic cells and driving the activation and proliferation of NK cells with the generation of memory killer T cells that have retained immune memory against these tumor clones.

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION

INDICATION AND USAGE: ANKTIVA is an interleukin-15 (IL-15) receptor agonist indicated with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) for the treatment of adult patients with BCG-unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) with carcinoma in situ (CIS) with or without papillary tumors.

WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS: Risk of Metastatic Bladder Cancer with Delayed Cystectomy. Delaying cystectomy can lead to the development of muscle-invasive or metastatic bladder cancer, which can be lethal. If patients with CIS do not have a complete response to treatment after a second induction course of ANKTIVA with BCG, reconsider cystectomy.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION: For Intravesical Use Only. Do not administer by subcutaneous or intravenous routes.

Please see the complete Indication and Important Safety Information and Prescribing Information for ANKTIVA at Anktiva.com.

(Press release, ImmunityBio, MAY 19, 2026, View Source [SID1234665859])

On May 19, 2026 Myosin Therapeutics, a clinical stage biotechnology company developing innovative therapies for oncology, reported that the first patient has been dosed in its Phase 1/2 STAR-GBM study. The trial is designed to assess safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary signals of clinical activity with longitudinal imaging in adults with newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM). With support from the National Cancer Institute (NCI/NIH), the trial is being conducted in collaboration with the Mayo Clinic across its Minnesota, Florida, and Arizona campuses.

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MT-125 is a first-in-class inhibitor of non-muscle myosin II (NMII), designed to disrupt the physical mechanics of tumor cells to induce tumor cell collapse and death through non-redundant mechanisms distinct from any existing therapy.

"This marks the transition of MT-125 from a strong mechanistic and preclinical foundation into clinical testing in patients with one of the most aggressive cancers," said Courtney Miller, PhD, Chief Executive Officer of Myosin Therapeutics. "Our research shows that targeting the mechanical dependencies of tumor cells represents a fundamentally different approach to cancer treatment, and this study is designed to test that hypothesis directly in patients with glioblastoma."

"MT-125 introduces a novel therapeutic strategy that is distinct from conventional cytotoxic and targeted approaches," said Karen Smith, MD, PhD, MBA, LLM, Chief Medical Officer of Myosin Therapeutics. "Partnering with Mayo Clinic allows us to efficiently evaluate both safety and early biological activity in a patient population with significant unmet need."

MT-125 has received Orphan Drug Designation for malignant gliomas and Fast Track Designation for glioblastoma, supporting an accelerated regulatory pathway. In addition to GBM, MT-125 is being developed for other treatment-resistant cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia and pancreatic cancer. Additional information on the STAR GBM study is available at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT07185880).

The STAR-GBM trial is supported by the National Cancer Institute and by a syndicate of life sciences investors and philanthropic organizations.

(Press release, Myosin Therapeutics, MAY 19, 2026, View Source [SID1234665877])

On May 18, 2026 Ligand reported that as previously disclosed, on April 27, 2026, Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, a Delaware corporation ("Ligand"), entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the "Merger Agreement"), by and among Ligand, XOMA Royalty Corporation, a Nevada corporation ("XOMA Royalty"), and Flex Merger Sub, Inc., a Nevada corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of Ligand ("Merger Sub"), pursuant to which, and upon the terms and subject to the conditions thereof, including, without limitation, effecting the Holding Company Reorganization (as defined below), Merger Sub will merge with and into a newly formed Nevada corporation, XOMA Royalty Holdings Corporation ("HoldCo"), (the "Merger"), with HoldCo surviving the Merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of Ligand. HoldCo is a wholly-owned subsidiary of XOMA Royalty and was formed for the sole purpose of effecting a holding company reorganization (the "Holding Company Reorganization") pursuant to Nevada Revised Statutes, as amended ("NRS"), 92A (or such other applicable provisions of the NRS).

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On May 16, 2026, XOMA Royalty, Ligand and the Merger Sub entered into Amendment No. 1 to the Agreement and Plan of Merger ("Amendment No. 1") which, among other things, adds HoldCo as a party to the Merger Agreement.

The foregoing description of Amendment No. 1 does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Amendment No. 1, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit 2.1 and is incorporated herein by reference.

(Filing, Ligand, MAY 18, 2026, View Source [SID1234665825])

On May 18, 2026 Merck (NYSE: MRK), known as MSD outside of the United States and Canada, reported the pivotal Phase 3 TroFuse-005 trial evaluating sacituzumab tirumotecan (sac-TMT), an investigational TROP2-directed antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) being developed in collaboration with Kelun-Biotech, met its primary endpoints of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in certain patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer. TroFuse-005 is the first global Phase 3 trial to demonstrate statistically significant improvement in both OS and PFS compared to chemotherapy for these patients and the first and only ADC to do so for patients with endometrial cancer in this setting.

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At a pre-specified interim analysis, sac-TMT demonstrated a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in OS and PFS compared to treatment of physician’s choice (TPC, consisting of doxorubicin or paclitaxel) for patients with endometrial cancer who have previously received platinum-based chemotherapy and anti-PD-1/L1 immunotherapy either together or separately. The study also reached its key secondary endpoint of objective response rate. These data will be presented at an upcoming medical meeting and discussed with regulatory authorities worldwide.

The safety profile was consistent with what has been observed in previously reported studies of sac-TMT; no new safety signals were observed.

"These results show sac-TMT may be able to address a critical unmet need for certain patients with advanced endometrial cancer, one of the only cancers increasing in both incidence and mortality worldwide," said Dr. Domenica Lorusso, the study’s global lead investigator, lead investigator for ENGOT and professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Humanitas University and Humanitas San Pio X, Milan. "Despite recent advances, patients whose disease progresses following treatment with platinum and immunotherapy are urgently in need of new options, and these findings show for the first time that a TROP2 ADC may be an effective option in this setting."

"The scale and ambition of our expansive TroFuse program reflects our deep commitment to advancing one of the industry’s leading ADC pipelines to make a difference for more people facing cancer and builds on our legacy of leadership in gynecologic cancer research," said Dr. Dean Y. Li, president, Merck Research Laboratories. "These findings reinforce our belief that sac-TMT, with its proprietary bifunctional linker designed with the intent to maximize payload delivery to tumors while minimizing impact on healthy cells in the body, has the potential to become a cornerstone in the treatment of certain patients with advanced endometrial cancer. We thank the patients and investigators for participating in our studies as well as our collaborators at Kelun-Biotech for helping us advance this important treatment."

TroFuse-005 also marks the first positive Phase 3 results from Merck’s TroFuse clinical development program for sac-TMT. The program currently consists of 17 ongoing global Phase 3 trials across multiple tumor types, the broadest range of disease and treatment settings compared to any TROP2-directed ADC to date, including 10 Phase 3 trials in women’s cancers. The program is evaluating sac-TMT across a diverse range of tumor types, including endometrial, bladder, breast, cervical, gastric, non-small cell lung and ovarian cancers, and it spans early-to-late-stage disease as both monotherapy and in combination with immunotherapies. This includes the ongoing TroFuse-033 trial in first line mismatch repair proficient endometrial cancer.

About TroFuse-005

TroFuse-005 is a randomized, active-controlled, open-label, multicenter, global Phase 3 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06132958) evaluating sac-TMT versus TPC in patients with endometrial carcinoma and carcinosarcoma who have received prior platinum-based chemotherapy and anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy either together or separately. The trial enrolled 776 patients who were randomized to receive either sac-TMT or TPC, consisting of doxorubicin or paclitaxel. Sac-TMT (4 mg/kg) was administered on Day 1 of each two-week treatment cycle. Doxorubicin (60 mg/m²) was administered on Day 1 of each three-week treatment cycle and paclitaxel (80 mg/m²) was administered on Days 1, 8 and 15 of each four-week treatment cycle.

The study has dual primary endpoints: PFS by blinded independent central review (BICR), defined as the time from randomization to the first documented disease progression or death from any cause, and OS, defined as the time from randomization to death from any cause. A key secondary endpoint is objective response rate, and other secondary endpoints include duration of response, incidence of adverse events, treatment discontinuation due to adverse events and change from baseline in global health status/quality-of-life scores.

About sacituzumab tirumotecan (sac-TMT)

Sac-TMT is an investigational TROP2-directed ADC with a belotecan-derived topoisomerase I inhibitor payload and a bifunctional linker designed with the potential to maximize payload delivery to tumor cells and minimize payload loss while circulating in the body. Sac-TMT is the only TROP2 ADC designed with a focus on both ends of the linker.

TROP2 is overexpressed on tumor cells compared to healthy cells in many common cancers, and through the TroFuse clinical development program, Merck is evaluating sac-TMT in 17 ongoing global Phase 3 trials across multiple tumor types, the broadest range of disease and treatment settings compared to any TROP2-directed ADC to date. The TroFuse development program spans early‑to-late‑stage disease in more than nine disease areas and includes more than 15,000 patients worldwide. Numerous Phase 3 trials are exploring sac-TMT as monotherapy and in combination with immunotherapies, aiming to improve survival and quality of life for patients with advanced and earlier-stage cancers.

About endometrial cancer

Endometrial cancer (also referred to as endometrial carcinoma) begins in the inner lining of the uterus, which is known as the endometrium, and is the most common type of cancer in the uterus. More than 90% of uterine body cancers occur in the endometrium. In the U.S., it is estimated there will be approximately 68,270 patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer and approximately 14,450 patient deaths from the disease in 2026. Globally, endometrial cancer is the sixth most common cancer in women and the 15th most common cancer overall. Following primary treatment, patients face a risk of their cancer returning, often as distant metastasis, which is associated with poorer outcomes.

(Press release, Merck & Co, MAY 18, 2026, View Source [SID1234665826])

On May 18, 2026 Microbiotica, a clinical-stage biopharma company developing a pipeline of oral precision microbiome medicines called live biotherapeutic products (LBPs), reported that all primary and secondary objectives were met in its advanced melanoma (MELODY-1) Phase 1b trial.

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MELODY-1 was an international Phase 1b study to evaluate the safety and tolerability of MB097 given in combination with KEYTRUDA (pembrolizumab), MSD’s anti-PD-1 therapy, in patients with advanced melanoma who demonstrated primary resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy. The trial recruited 41 patients at clinical centres in the UK, France, Italy, and Spain.

MB097 could be administered safely in combination with KEYTRUDA with no serious adverse events (SAEs) related to MB097
The nine bacterial strains contained in MB097 demonstrated robust engraftment after dosing, with enhanced engraftment following vancomycin preconditioning
Encouraging signals of efficacy were seen in this difficult to treat, primary-refractory advanced melanoma patient population, suggesting that microbiome modulation with MB097 may overcome resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy.
Detailed results of the study will be presented at a scientific conference during 2026.

Commenting on the study results, Dr Pippa Corrie from Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, the National Co-ordinating Investigator for the MELODY-1 study said, "There is increasing evidence that the microbiome plays a crucial role in patients’ response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Clinical benefit has been reported with Faecal Microbiota Transplantations (FMT), while MB097 capsules taken orally each day affords an easy and reproducible way of modifying the microbiome. The MELODY-1 study results show that MB097 is well tolerated, with encouraging early signs of efficacy in a very difficult to treat metastatic melanoma patient population with primary resistance to anti-PD-1 based immunotherapy, in whom there is a significant unmet need."

In this first-in-human, randomised open-label clinical trial, all patients received MB097 and pembrolizumab for up to six months. Half of the participants also received vancomycin before starting the co-therapy to determine whether it helps the bacterial strains in MB097 engraft in the gut more efficiently. Participants benefiting from the treatment at the end of the initial six-month period have entered an extension study and can continue to receive pembrolizumab for up to an additional 18 months. The results of this extension phase will be reported in due course.

MB097 is a once daily, orally administered LBP consisting of a defined consortium of nine strains of commensal bacteria designed to enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The MELODY-1 study is designed to investigate the safety, tolerability, and initial signals of efficacy of MB097 in advanced (metastatic) melanoma, in combination with KEYTRUDA (pembrolizumab), MSD’s (Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA) anti-PD-1 therapy, in patients with cutaneous melanoma who have failed to respond to immunotherapies (study identifiers NCT06540391; MSD KEYNOTE-E75; 023-507377-17). MSD has supplied KEYTRUDA to Microbiotica.

Dr Robert Tansley, Microbiotica’s Chief Medical Officer, said, "We are encouraged by these positive data on safety and engraftment. With early signs of efficacy, we look forward to further analysis from the trial respondents. The results provide the foundation to proceed to larger controlled studies in a broader melanoma patient population and we are excited by the potential to deliver a new option to maximise patients’ potential to respond to anti-PD-1 therapy."

Tim Sharpington, Microbiotica’s CEO added, "This is our second clinical trial to report positive results, following the success of our Phase 1b study of MB310 in ulcerative colitis earlier this year. This is further validation of our clinic-first discovery platform and precision microbiome medicine development."

(Press release, Microbiotica, MAY 18, 2026, View Source [SID1234665827])