Adaptimmune Reports Q2 Financial Results and Provides Business Update

On August 12, 2025 Adaptimmune Therapeutics plc (NASDAQ: ADAP) reported financial results and provided a business update for the second quarter ended June 30, 2025 (Press release, Adaptimmune, AUG 13, 2025, View Source [SID1234655189]).

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Adrian Rawcliffe, Adaptimmune’s Chief Executive Officer: "The launch of TECELRA continued to accelerate through Q2 with an increase of over 150% in patients invoiced and in revenue. The full network of ATCs is close to completion with 30 now accepting referrals. Our manufacturing organization continues to deliver with a 100% commercial manufacturing success rate through to the end of Q2. The transaction with US WorldMeds will ensure that patient access to TECLRA continues and also places lete-cel in capable hands leading up to its planned launch in 2026. As we noted when we announced the transaction on July 28, this deal follows an extensive review of strategic alternatives and represents the best path forward for Adaptimmune, our patients and stakeholders. Since closing the transaction on July 31, we have repaid our debt facility with Hercules Capital and are restructuring to support the assets transferred to US WorldMeds, and to maximize value from our remaining assets including programs targeting PRAME and CD70."

Financial Results for the six months ended June 30, 2025

● Cash / liquidity position: As of June 30, 2025, Adaptimmune had cash and cash equivalents of $26.1 million and Total Liquidity1 of $26.1 million, compared to $91.1 million and $151.6 million respectively, as of December 31, 2024.
● Revenue: Revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, was $13.7 million and $21.0 million respectively, compared to $128.2 million and$133.9 million for the same periods in 2024. Revenue from development activities decreased by 96% for the six months ended June 30, 2025, compared to the same period in 2024. This decline was primarily due to the termination of the Genentech collaboration in April 2024 which resulted in the recognition of a cumulative catch-up adjustment of $101.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024. The product revenue has increased due to product sales commencing following the FDA approval of TECELRA on August 1, 2024.
● Research and development (R&D) expenses: R&D expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, were $23.0 million and $51.8 million respectively, compared to $40.4 million and $75.7 million for the same periods in 2024. R&D expenses decreased due to a decrease in the average number of employees engaged in R&D following the restructuring and reprioritization of activities that was announced in November 2024 and a decrease in subcontracted expenditure and manufacturing facilities expenses , offset by a decrease in offsetting reimbursements receivable for R&D tax and expenditure credits.

● Selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses: SG&A expenses for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2025, were $18.5 million and $41.8 million respectively, compared to $19.1 million and $38.8 million for the equivalent periods in 2024. SG&A expenses increased due to restructuring charges for the restructuring program initiated in the fourth quarter of 2024 for which there was no equivalent in the same periods of 2024 which was partially offset by a decrease in share-based compensation expense due to forfeitures arising as a result of this restructuring program. Also, there was an increase in accounting, legal and professional fees due to fees relating to business development work.
● Net loss: Net loss attributable to holders of the Company’s ordinary shareholders for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2025, were $30.3 million and $77.9 million respectively ($(0.02) and $(0.05) per ordinary share), compared to profits of $69.5 million and $21.0 million ($0.05 and $0.01 per ordinary share), for the equivalent periods in 2024.

As a result of the transaction with US WorldMeds and repayment of all sums under the loan agreement with Hercules Capital Inc, we consider that the cash and cash equivalents of the Company will be sufficient to meet our planned operating requirements through the 12 months following the filing of our Quarterly Report for the second quarter of 2025.

Aptevo Highlights APVO442, a CD3-Directed Preclinical Candidate for Prostate Cancer

On August 13, 2025 Aptevo Therapeutics Inc. (Nasdaq:APVO), a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on developing novel immune-oncology therapeutics based on its proprietary ADAPTIR and ADAPTIR-FLEX platform technologies, reported the strategic importance of its preclinical asset APVO442-an investigational CD3-engaging bispecific antibody designed to treat prostate cancer (Press release, Aptevo Therapeutics, AUG 13, 2025, View Source [SID1234655211]). APVO442 is built on Aptevo’s next-generation ADAPTIR-FLEX platform and is engineered to selectively activate T cells within the PSMA-expressing tumor microenvironment, offering potential for precision targeting and reduced systemic toxicity.

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APVO442 is built on the same CRIS-7-derived anti-CD3 binding domain as clinical candidate mipletamig but is specifically engineered for solid tumors, with lower binding affinity and a monovalent format that reduce the risk of immune activation outside the tumor. This design helps ensure that T cells are activated only within the tumor microenvironment, improving safety while maintaining anti-tumor potency. Preclinical data show that APVO442 effectively localizes to PSMA-expressing prostate tumors, triggering a targeted immune response while potentially sparing healthy tissue. The same solid tumor-optimized architecture has also been applied to newly added pipeline candidate APVO455.

"With mipletamig performing as designed in the clinic and the addition to the pipeline of APVO455 for multiple solid tumors, we’re confident in the strength of our CD3-based bispecific approach," said Marvin White, President and CEO of Aptevo. "APVO442 is engineered for the same balance-potent immune activation precisely where it’s needed – in the tumor. It represents yet another high-conviction opportunity to expand into solid tumors, a market where the need is large and growing."

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men, with over 300,000 new cases annually* in the U.S. The global treatment market-currently valued at $14 billion-is projected to reach $24 billion within the next decade**. APVO442 is differentiated in this space as a tumor-specific immunotherapy designed for combination potential and scalable manufacturing. (*American Cancer Society, **Global Data)

APVO442 is currently in preclinical studies, and supports the Company’s goal of expanding its clinical pipeline and driving long-term value through modular, platform-based innovation. The Company continues to leverage insights from its CD3 bispecific programs to accelerate future development and partnership opportunities.

Allogene Therapeutics Reports Second Quarter 2025 Financial Results and Business Update

On August 13, 2025 Allogene Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: ALLO), a clinical-stage biotechnology company pioneering the development of allogeneic CAR T (AlloCAR T) products for cancer and autoimmune disease, reported corporate updates and announced financial results for the quarter ended June 30, 2025 (Press release, Allogene, AUG 13, 2025, View Source [SID1234655190]).

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"This quarter marked a significant inflection point for Allogene as we advance the streamlined ALPHA3 trial toward its next key milestone, initiate clinical enrollment in our first autoimmune indications with ALLO-329, and aligned with the FDA on a pivotal path forward for ALLO-316 in solid tumors," said David Chang, M.D., Ph.D., President, Chief Executive Officer and Co-Founder of Allogene. "Our progress reflects a focused and disciplined execution strategy, and a clear path to value creation as we advance the next wave of scalable and accessible cell therapies with potentially durable results."

Program Updates
Cema-Cel: Pivotal Phase 2 ALPHA3 1L Consolidation Trial in LBCL
The Company has selected standard fludarabine and cyclophosphamide (FC) as the lymphodepletion regimen to be used in its ALPHA3 study. The amended ALPHA3 trial now proceeds as a randomized study with two arms, comparing cema-cel after standard FC lymphodepletion to observation, the current standard of care.

The selection of FC as the lymphodepletion regimen in the ALPHA3 trial reflects strategic advantages supported by preliminary safety and biomarker data. Early observations indicate an encouraging minimal residual disease (MRD) conversion rate and a favorable safety profile when cema-cel is administered following standard FC. The regimen also offers operational benefits, including ease of administration and the potential for broader adoption within community cancer centers, and is enthusiastically supported by study investigators. In contrast to the relapsed/refractory setting, where a higher disease burden may necessitate more intensive lymphodepletion, standard FC may be sufficient to support the eradication of microscopic disease in earlier lines of treatment.

The next milestone will be the futility analysis comparing MRD conversion between the two arms and is expected to occur 1H 2026. The Company expects to provide the rates of MRD conversion between the two arms at the time of this announcement. To date, over 50 clinical sites are activated across the United States and Canada, including community cancer centers and major academic institutions.

ALLO-329: CD19/CD70 Dual CAR with Dagger Technology in AID
The Phase 1 RESOLUTION basket trial in rheumatology launched in Q2 2025 and represents a significant step in evaluating CAR T therapy across multiple autoimmune conditions, including systemic lupus erythematosus (with or without lupus nephritis), idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, and systemic sclerosis. The trial features two lymphodepletion arms: one with cyclophosphamide alone and one with no lymphodepletion. The first clinical update, expected in 1H 2026, will include biomarker data and clinical proof-of-concept data.

ALLO-329 is a first-in-class allogeneic CD19/CD70 dual CAR T product designed to target both CD19+ B cells and CD70+ activated T cells, which are key drivers of autoimmune disease. It leverages CRISPR-based site-specific integration and incorporates the Company’s clinically validated Dagger technology, which aims to reduce or eliminate the need for lymphodepletion to facilitate broader CAR T adoption in autoimmune indications.

ALLO-316: TRAVERSE Trial in RCC
ALLO-316 is the only allogeneic CAR T therapy to show potential in solid tumors. Enrollment has been completed in the Phase 1b cohort, which evaluated the safety and efficacy of ALLO-316 at DL2 (80M CAR T cells) in patients with heavily pretreated advanced or metastatic RCC. The Company presented updated Phase 1b cohort data in an oral presentation at the 2025 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) Annual Meeting and has since met with the FDA to align on the design of a pivotal trial, laying the groundwork for potential partnership discussions to advance the program.

2025 Second Quarter Financial Results

Research and development expenses were $40.2 million for the second quarter of 2025, which includes $2.6 million of non-cash stock-based compensation expense.
General and administrative expenses were $14.3 million for the second quarter of 2025, which includes $6.1 million of non-cash stock-based compensation expense.
Net loss for the second quarter of 2025 was $50.9 million, or $0.23 per share, including non-cash stock-based compensation expense of $8.7 million and non-cash impairment of long-lived asset expense of $2.4 million.
The Company had $302.6 million in cash, cash equivalents, and investments as of June 30, 2025.
The Company’s cash runway is expected to extend into the second half of 2027. Guidance for 2025 is an expected decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and investments of approximately $150 million. GAAP Operating Expenses are expected to be approximately $230 million, including estimated non-cash stock-based compensation expense of approximately $45 million. These estimates exclude any impact from potential business development activities.

Conference Call and Webcast Details
Allogene will host a live conference call and webcast today at 2:00 p.m. PT/5:00 p.m. ET to discuss financial results and provide a business update. If you would like the option to ask a question on the conference call, please use this link to register. Upon registering for the conference call, you will receive a personal PIN to access the call, which will identify you as the participant and allow you the option to ask a question. The listen-only webcast will be made available on the Company’s website at www.allogene.com under the Investors tab in the News and Events section. Following the live audio webcast, a replay will be available on the Company’s website for approximately 30 days.

Cue Biopharma Announces Initiation of Investigator Sponsored Trial of CUE-102 in Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme

On August 13, 2025 Cue Biopharma, Inc. (Nasdaq: CUE), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing a novel class of therapeutic biologics to selectively engage and modulate disease-specific T cells for the treatment of autoimmune disease and cancer, reported the initiation of an investigator sponsored trial (IST) in rGBM at the DFCI with the first patient in the trial having been dosed with CUE-102 (Press release, Cue Biopharma, AUG 13, 2025, View Source [SID1234655212]). The trial (NCT06917885) is a Phase 1b, open-label study of adjuvant CUE-102, the Company’s drug product candidate targeting Wilms’ Tumor 1 protein (WT1) expressing cancers. The principal investigator of the Phase 1b trial, David A. Reardon, MD, is the Clinical Director of the Center for Neuro-Oncology at DFCI and a leader in the field of immunotherapy for the treatment of brain cancer. The goal of the study is to evaluate the tolerability and clinical activity of CUE-102 in patients with GBM at first recurrence.

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"Glioblastoma remains one of the most aggressive and hard-to-treat cancers, and as a result, there is a pressing need for more effective therapies. Investigational treatments targeting WT1 in GBM have shown a potential correlation between expansion of antigen-specific T cells and survival," said Dr. Reardon. "CUE-102 is designed to target tumor cells by activating WT1 specific T cells, which may improve clinical outcomes in recurrent GBM."

Matteo Levisetti, MD, chief medical officer at Cue Biopharma, added, "Glioblastoma is an immunologically ‘cold’ tumor representing a disadvantage for treatment with standard immunotherapies such as checkpoint inhibitors, but is known to express high levels of the Wilms’ Tumor 1 oncofetal protein. We believe the mechanism of action of CUE-102, to preferentially activate and expand WT1 tumor-specific T cells, has the potential to activate and generate an enhanced anti-tumor immune response against glioblastoma. We are highly encouraged by the clinical data generated to date from the CUE-100 series, CUE-101 and CUE-102, and look forward to reporting results from this investigator sponsored trial."

About CUE-102
CUE-102 is Cue Biopharma’s second clinical drug candidate from the CUE-100 series of interleukin 2 (IL-2)-based biologics. It is designed to activate and expand Wilms’ Tumor 1 (WT1)-specific T cells by presenting the WT1 peptide to the WT1-specific T cell receptor. WT1 is a well-recognized onco-fetal protein known to be over-expressed in a number of cancers, including solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. CUE-102 has demonstrated anti-tumor activity and a favorable tolerability profile with no dose limited toxicities observed in a Phase 1 open label, dose escalation and expansion trial (NCT05360680), for patients with late-stage colorectal, gastric/gastroesophageal junction, pancreatic and ovarian cancers that express WT1.

About Glioblastoma
Glioblastomas are the most common primary cancer of the brain and the most aggressive type of brain tumor. There are ~13,000 new cases diagnosed each year in the United States. The most common length of survival following diagnosis is ~12 to 15 months, with fewer than ~3 to 5 percent of people surviving longer than five years.

About the CUE-100 Series
The CUE-100 series consists of Fc-fusion biologics that present two signals to T cells. Signal #1 is a tumor-specific peptide linked to a major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) to enable selectivity and specificity. Signal #2 is a rationally engineered interleukin 2 (IL-2) molecule to trigger T cell activation. These singular biologics are anticipated to selectively target, activate and expand a robust repertoire of tumor-specific T cells directly in the patient’s body. The binding affinity of IL-2 for its receptor has been deliberately attenuated to achieve preferential selective activation of tumor-specific effector T cells while reducing the potential for effects on regulatory T cells (Tregs) or broad systemic activation, potentially mitigating the dose-limiting toxicities associated with current IL-2-based therapies.

Aptose Reports Second Quarter 2025 Results

On August 13, 2025 Aptose Biosciences Inc. ("Aptose" or the "Company") (TSX: APS and OTC: APTOF), a clinical-stage precision oncology company developing a tuspetinib (TUS)-based triple drug frontline therapy to treat patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML), reported financial results for the second quarter ended June 30, 2025, and provided a corporate update (Press release, Aptose Biosciences, AUG 13, 2025, View Source [SID1234655191]).

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"During the second quarter, the TUSCANY triplet trial continued to progress well. Our investigators are eager to improve outcomes for patients with mutations that are especially difficult to treat in AML, and we continue to observe exciting safety and activity with the addition of TUS to the VEN+AZA standard treatment," said William G. Rice, Ph.D., Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Aptose. "We look forward to providing updates to the data we presented at EHA (Free EHA Whitepaper) in June."

Key Corporate Highlights

Tuspetinib Data Reported at the European Hematology Association (EHA) (Free EHA Whitepaper) 2025 Congress in Oral Presentation – Tuspetinib based TUS+VEN+AZA triplet therapy is being advanced in the TUSCANY Phase 1/2 trial with the goal of creating a one-of-a-kind frontline therapy for newly diagnosed AML patients that is safe and active across diverse AML populations (mutation agnostic triplet frontline therapy), including patients without FLT3 mutations (wildtype FLT3). Data from the first two cohorts, with a 40 mg or 80 mg dose of tuspetinib in the TUS+VEN+AZA combination, reveal promising clinical safety and antileukemic activity and were presented in an oral presentation at EHA (Free EHA Whitepaper) 2025 in June (press release here) by Dr. Gabriel Mannis, Associate Professor of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, and an investigator in the TUSCANY study. Dr. Mannis also noted three patients were rapidly enrolled on the third dose cohort of 120 mg TUS in the TUS+VEN+AZA triplet, and that no DLTs were observed. Among the key findings: Multiple CRs were achieved, at the initial dose of 40 mg (3 of 4 CRs and minimal residual disease (MRD)-negative) and at the 80 mg dose (3 of 3 CR/CRi). Regardless of FLT3, TP53, NPM1, or myelodysplasia related mutation status, TUS demonstrated activity in newly diagnosed AML patients. MRD-negative responses were achieved across diverse genetic populations, including in subjects with biallelic TP53 mutations and complex karyotypes. In addition, TUS can be administered safely with standard-of-care dosing of VEN/AZA, and TUS PK properties are not significantly altered by VEN, AZA, antifungals or food. No prolonged myelosuppression was noted in Cycle 1 in the absence of AML and there were no treatment-related deaths with 9 out of 10 enrolled subjects remaining on study treatment.
TUS Continues to Demonstrate Safety and CRs at 120 mg Dose in the TUSCANY Triplet Trial; 160 mg Dose Cohort Now Open After Dose Escalation Decision by CSRC – The fourth dosing cohort of 160 mg of TUS in the TUS+VEN+AZA TUSCANY trial is now open for enrollment after the CSRC reviewed the current data from the 120 mg TUS dose cohort. All patients treated in the 120 mg dose cohort remain on study while enrollment is open for the 160 mg dose cohort.
Aptose Clinical Data Accepted for Poster Presentation at European School of Haematology (ESH) 7th International Conference – Aptose recently was notified that its abstract "TUSCANY Study of Safety and Efficacy of Tuspetinib plus Standard of Care Venetoclax and Azacitidine in Study Participants with Newly Diagnosed AML Ineligible for Induction Chemotherapy" was accepted for a poster presentation at the ESH 7th International Conference on Acute Myeloid Leukemia "Molecular and Translational": Advances in Biology and Treatment, being held October 16-18, 2025 in Estoril, Portugal.
Aptose and Hanmi Enter Loan Agreement to Advance Development of Tuspetinib in Triplet Therapy for AML – During the quarter, Aptose announced that it entered into a loan agreement with Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. ("Hanmi"). The Loan Agreement is an uncommitted facility for up to US$8.5million, administered through multiple advances for the purpose of continued clinical development of TUS (press release here). To date, Aptose has received an aggregate of US$5.6M under the Loan Agreement.
Aptose Trading on OTCQB Market – On July 1st, Aptose announced that it had been upgraded to list for trading on the OTCQB Market under the ticker symbol "APTOF," in addition to the Company’s continued listing on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX) under the symbol "APS." The OTCQB Market is for early stage and developing U.S. and international companies. Companies listed on the OTCQB Market are current in their reporting and undergo an annual verification and management certification process. Investors can find Real-Time quotes and market information for the company on www.otcmarkets.com.
Aptose Selects Ernst & Young as its New Independent Auditor and will Hold a Reconvened Meeting of its Shareholders on August 22, 2025 – Earlier this month, Aptose announced that its Board of Directors unanimously approved the selection of Ernst & Young LLP ("EY") as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm to serve as the Company’s independent auditor. The Company had adjourned its Annual and Special Meeting of shareholders held on May 27, 2025 (the "Meeting"), for the purposes of completing its search for a successor independent auditor, and will reconvene the Meeting of shareholders on August 22, 2025 at 10:00 a.m. (Eastern Time) (the"Reconvened Meeting") to vote on the appointment of EY. Shareholders are invited to attend the Reconvened Meeting by using the live webcast link here: https://meetings.lumiconnect.com/400-935-182-032. Only registered shareholders and duly appointed proxyholders as of the record date on April 22, 2025, will be entitled to vote and ask questions at the Reconvened Meeting.

Completed and Planned Value-Creating Milestones

2025: 1H

Reported safety and efficacy with 40mg TUS+VEN+AZA
Reported safety and efficacy with 80mg TUS+VEN+AZA

2025: European Hematology Association (EHA) (Free EHA Whitepaper)

Report maturing data from TUS+VEN+AZA triplet study

2025: 2H

Reported safety and efficacy with 120 mg TUS+VEN+AZA
CSRC review of data; decision to dose escalate to 160 mg TUS+VEN+AZA
Report evolving data from 120 mg TUS+VEN+AZA triplet

2025: American Society of Hematology (ASH) (Free ASH Whitepaper)

Report response rate and durability of TUS+VEN+AZA triplet
Select TUS dose for TUS+VEN+HMA triplet Ph 2/3 PIVOTAL trials
Prepare for initiation of Ph 2/3 PIVOTAL program

FINANCIAL RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Aptose Biosciences Inc.
Statements of Operations Data
(unaudited)
($ in thousands, except for share and per share data)

Three months ended
June 30, Six months ended
June 30,
2025 2024 2025 2024
Expenses:
Research and development $ 3,298 $ 4,413 $ 5,662 $ 10,858
General and administrative 3,623 2,932 6,720 6,247
Operating expenses 6,921 7,345 12,382 17,105
Other (loss) income, net (122 ) 93 (204 ) 213
Net loss $ (7,043 ) $ (7,252 ) $ (12,586 ) $ (16,892 )
Net loss per share, basic and diluted $ (2.76 ) $ (12.99 ) $ (5.38 ) $ (33.91 )
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding used in the calculation of basic and diluted loss per common share 2,552,429 558,476 2,340,535 498,113

Net loss for the quarter ended June 30, 2025 decreased by $0.2 million to $7.0 million, as compared to $7.3 million for the comparable period in 2024. Net loss for the six months ended June 30, 2025 decreased by $4.3 million to $12.6 million, as compared to $16.9 million for the comparable period in 2024.

Aptose Biosciences Inc.
Balance Sheet Data
(unaudited)
($ in thousands)

June 30, December 31,
2025 2024
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash equivalents $ 1,298 $ 6,707
Working capital (5,729 ) 5,053
Total assets 5,591 10,127
Long-term liabilities 10,962 10,193
Accumulated deficit (553,553 ) (540,967 )
Shareholders’ deficit (14,371 ) (4,543 )

Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash equivalents as of June 30, 2025 were $1.3 million. The Company does not have sufficient cash to fund operations and relies on advances made by Hanmi to fund operations. The Company is actively deploying financing and cost reduction efforts to extend cash runway.
As of August 8, 2025, we had 2,552,429 common shares of the Company ("Common Shares") issued and outstanding. In addition, there were 38,211 Common Shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options and there were 1,267,585 Common Shares issuable upon the exercise of the outstanding warrants.

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES

Research and development expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

Three months ended Six months ended
June 30, June 30,
(in thousands) 2025 2024 2025 2024

Program costs – Tuspetinib $ 2,233 $ 2,666 $ 3,712 $ 6,589
Program costs – Luxeptinib 100 304 198 512
Program costs – APTO-253 - (9 ) - 13
Personnel related expenses 952 1,379 1,598 3,333
Stock-based compensation 13 70 154 398
Depreciation of equipment - 3 - 13
Total $ 3,298 $ 4,413 $ 5,662 $ 10,858

Research and development expenses decreased by $1.1 million to $3.3 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2025, as compared to $4.4 million for the comparable period in 2024. Changes to the components of our research and development expenses presented in the table above are primarily as a result of the following events:

Program costs for tuspetinib were $2.2 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2025, compared with $2.7 million for the comparable period in 2024. The lower program costs for tuspetinib in the current period are attributable to reduced activity in our APTIVATE clinical trial, reduced manufacturing activity, and related expenses.
Program costs for luxeptinib decreased by approximately $0.2 million primarily due to lower clinical trial and manufacturing activities.
The Company discontinued further development of APTO-253.
Personnel-related expenses decreased by $0.4 million due to lower headcount for research and development personnel in the current quarter.
Stock-based compensation decreased by $57,000 in the quarter ended June 30, 2025, compared to the comparable period in 2024, primarily due to stock options forfeited and/or vested in prior periods that are no longer being expensed resulting in lower expense in the current period.

Research and development expenses decreased by $5.2 million to $5.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to $10.9 million for the comparable period in 2024. Changes to the components of our research and development expenses presented in the table above are primarily as a result of the following events:

Program costs for tuspetinib were $3.7 million for the six months ending June 30, 2025, compared to $6.6 million for the comparable period in 2024. The increased costs associated with the TUSCANY study were offset by a decrease in tuspetinib development expenses during the current period. This reduction is due to the conclusion of activities in our APTIVATE clinical trial during the current period, compared to higher APTIVATE activities during the six months ended June 30, 2024, as well as lower manufacturing and related development costs.
Program costs for luxeptinib decreased by approximately $0.3 million primarily due to lower clinical trial and manufacturing activities.
The Company discontinued further development of APTO-253.
Personnel-related expenses decreased by $1.7 million due to lower headcount for research and development personnel in the current quarter.
Stock-based compensation decreased by approximately $0.2 million in the six months ended June 30, 2025, compared to the comparable period in 2024, primarily due to stock options forfeited and/or vested in prior periods that are no longer being expensed resulting in lower expense in the current period.