On September 22, 2025 Plus Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: PSTV) (the "Company"), a clinical-stage pharmaceutical company developing targeted radiotherapeutics with advanced platform technologies for central nervous system (CNS) cancers, reported that the Company received notice of an additional advance payment from the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT), the second-largest public cancer research funder globally (Press release, Plus Therapeutics, SEP 22, 2025, View Source;_hsenc=p2ANqtz-9FE0VkS0lXyVYLeYUX_e8OPwY_tMBw4qcG1ikTgGaPNR7TS1e_6ZHFTELAxFZVszjULgsem3LXhrctDaOQfJKZLO2kJw&_hsmi=381576755&utm_content=381576755&utm_source=hs_email [SID1234656154]). This $1.9 million payment is part of the Company’s previously awarded $17.6 million grant and is the second non-dilutive financing received from CPRIT following the $1.6 million receipt announced in July 2025.

Schedule your 30 min Free 1stOncology Demo!
Discover why more than 1,500 members use 1stOncology™ to excel in:

Early/Late Stage Pipeline Development - Target Scouting - Clinical Biomarkers - Indication Selection & Expansion - BD&L Contacts - Conference Reports - Combinatorial Drug Settings - Companion Diagnostics - Drug Repositioning - First-in-class Analysis - Competitive Analysis - Deals & Licensing

                  Schedule Your 30 min Free Demo!

"Continued payments from CPRIT are supportive to our radiotherapeutic development initiatives, with a further $1.9 million in funding expected over the next 12 months, providing a steady source of significant non-dilutive financing," said Andrew Sims, Plus Therapeutics Chief Financial Officer. "The support from CPRIT builds on our active National Institutes of Health and Department of Defense grants, reflecting strong commitment for our clinical programs from strategic institutions. We continue to actively pursue additional grant opportunities to strengthen our capital position."

The funding supports and accelerates the Company’s clinical development of REYOBIQ for the ReSPECT-LM dose optimization trial and further develops the Company’s CNSide LM diagnostic test as a key pivotal trial endpoint.

About LM
Leptomeningeal metastases (LM) are a rare but severe complication of advanced cancer, affecting the fluid-lined structures of the central nervous system. LM occurs in approximately 5% of patients with metastatic cancer, with breast cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma being the most common sources. Median survival is typically 2-6 months, and effective treatment options are limited, highlighting the urgent need for novel therapies.

About REYOBIQ (rhenium Re186 obisbemeda)
REYOBIQ (rhenium Re186 obisbemeda) is a novel injectable radiotherapy specifically formulated to deliver direct targeted high dose radiation in CNS tumors in a safe, effective, and convenient manner to optimize patient outcomes. REYOBIQ has the potential to reduce off target risks and improve outcomes for CNS cancer patients, versus currently approved therapies, with a more targeted and potent radiation dose. Rhenium-186 is an ideal radioisotope for CNS therapeutic applications due to its short half-life, beta energy for destroying cancerous tissue, and gamma energy for real-time imaging. REYOBIQ is being evaluated for the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma, leptomeningeal metastases, and pediatric brain cancer in the ReSPECT-GBM, ReSPECT-LM, and ReSPECT-PBC clinical trials. ReSPECT-GBM is supported by an award from the National Cancer Institute (NCI), part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH), and ReSPECT-LM is funded by a three-year $17.6M grant by the Cancer Prevention & Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT). The Company’s ReSPECT-PBC clinical trial for pediatric brain cancer is supported by a $3 million grant from the U.S. Department of Defense’s Peer Reviewed Cancer Research Program.

On September 22, 2025 Aptose Biosciences Inc. ("Aptose" or the "Company") (TSX: APS; OTC: APTOF), a clinical-stage precision oncology company developing a tuspetinib (TUS) based triple drug frontline therapy to treat patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML), reported that it has entered into a US$11.9 million loan Amended Facility Agreement ( "Facility Agreement") with Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. ("Hanmi") (Press release, Aptose Biosciences, SEP 22, 2025, View Source [SID1234656139]).

Schedule your 30 min Free 1stOncology Demo!
Discover why more than 1,500 members use 1stOncology™ to excel in:

Early/Late Stage Pipeline Development - Target Scouting - Clinical Biomarkers - Indication Selection & Expansion - BD&L Contacts - Conference Reports - Combinatorial Drug Settings - Companion Diagnostics - Drug Repositioning - First-in-class Analysis - Competitive Analysis - Deals & Licensing

                  Schedule Your 30 min Free Demo!

The Facility Agreement is uncommitted and administered through multiple advances until December 31, 2025, and will be used to fund Aptose’s business and clinical operations expenses reasonably related to the advancement of TUS. Aptose has not yet received funds from this Facility Agreement but expects the first advance soon. This Facility Agreement has been amended and restated from the prior June 2025 Facility Agreement between Hanmi and Aptose. No single advance shall be for an amount in excess of US$2,000,000, and any unpaid principal amount with respect to each advance shall accrue interest at six percent (6%) per annum. The Facility Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants and securities that are subject to a number of limitations and exceptions.

In addition, Aptose has received the final advance of US$1.4 million for a total of US$8.5 million from the prior June 2025 Facility Agreement with Hanmi (press release here).

"The growing body of positive data on tuspetinib demonstrates that, by adding TUS to the VEN+AZA standard of care in AML, we can safely and more effectively treat some of AML’s largest patient populations, in addition to subgroups having adverse genetics defined by FLT3, NKRAS, and TP53 genes," said William G. Rice, Ph.D., Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Aptose. "We are very grateful for Hanmi’s support for the continued development of an important new treatment in the AML armamentarium."

Tuspetinib is a convenient once daily oral agent that potently targets SYK, mutated and wild type forms of FLT3, mutated KIT, JAK1/2, and RSK2 kinases, while avoiding many typical toxicity concerns observed with other agents. The ongoing TUSCANY triplet Phase 1/2 study is designed to test various doses and schedules of TUS in combination with standard dosing of azacitidine and venetoclax in newly diagnosed patients with AML who are ineligible to receive induction chemotherapy. Aptose recently reported data from the first three dose cohorts that have demonstrated safety, CRs and minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity across patients with diverse mutations. The early data showed that 9 out of 10 patients responded to the TUS triplet therapy, with 100% complete remission (CR/CRh)1 achieved in the 80mg and 120mg cohorts. Notably, patients with difficult-to-treat mutations in TP53, RAS and FLT3 genes also achieved a 100% CR/CRh rate (press release here).

The September 2025 Loan Facility Agreement constitutes a "related-party transaction" within the meaning of Multilateral Instrument 61-101 – Protection of Minority Security Holders in Special Transactions ("MI 61-101") as Hanmi is a related party of the Company under Canadian securities laws. However, the Company is relying on the exemption from the formal valuation and minority shareholder approval requirements contained in MI 61-101 on the basis of the "financial hardship" exemption therein. In its consideration and approval of the September 2025 Loan Facility Agreement, the Board of Directors of the Company, acting in good faith and having taken into account the liquidity, financial position and cash needs of the Company, the alternatives available to the Company, relevant benefits, risks and other factors, including the relative impacts on applicable stakeholders, and such matters they considered relevant or appropriate, unanimously determined that entering into the September 2025 Loan Facility Agreement will result in an improvement of the Company’s financial position, and that the terms of the September 2025 Loan Facility Agreement are reasonable in the circumstances of Aptose. The Company did not file a material change report 21 days prior to the execution of the September 2025 Loan Facility Agreement as details of the September 2025 Loan Agreement were unknown at such time.

On September 22, 2025 Akeso Inc. (9926.HK) reported that the Late-Breaking Abstract (LBA) from the registrational Phase III clinical study (AK112-306/HARMONi-6 study) of ivonescimab, a globally first-in-class bispecific antibody targeting PD-1 and VEGF, will be presented at the 2025 European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) (Free ESMO Whitepaper) Annual Congress (Press release, Akeso Biopharma, SEP 22, 2025, View Source [SID1234656155]). This study, which evaluates ivonescimab in combination with chemotherapy versus tislelizumab plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced squamous non-small cell lung cancer (sq-NSCLC), has been selected for the Presidential Symposium. The study’s principal investigator, Professor Lu Shun, Director of the Department of Oncology at Shanghai Chest Hospital, will present the results from this pivotal study.

Schedule your 30 min Free 1stOncology Demo!
Discover why more than 1,500 members use 1stOncology™ to excel in:

Early/Late Stage Pipeline Development - Target Scouting - Clinical Biomarkers - Indication Selection & Expansion - BD&L Contacts - Conference Reports - Combinatorial Drug Settings - Companion Diagnostics - Drug Repositioning - First-in-class Analysis - Competitive Analysis - Deals & Licensing

                  Schedule Your 30 min Free Demo!

Additionally, the final results of the Phase III clinical study (COMPASSION-15/AK104-302 study) of cadonilimab in combination with oxaliplatin and capecitabine as first-line treatment for unresectable, locally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma, have been accepted for a Mini Oral Session at ESMO (Free ESMO Whitepaper). Cadonilimab is a first-in-class bispecific antibody targeting PD-1 and CTLA-4 developed by Akeso that is currently approved for first line treatment of gastric cancer, first line treatment of cervical cancer, and second/third line treatment of cervical cancer. The study’s principal investigator, Professor Shen Lin from Peking University Cancer Hospital, will present the findings in an oral presentation.

Phase Ⅲ Study of lvonescimab plus chemotherapy versus Tislelizumab plus chemotherapy as Firstline Treatment for advanced squamous non-small cell lung cancer (HARMONi-6)

Speakers: Professor Shun Lu (Shanghai, China)
Session: Presidential Symposium 2 Proffered Paper session
Presentation Time: 16:30 -16:42 (CEST) Sun. 19.10.2025
Room: Berlin Auditorium – Hub 27
The upcoming detailed results from the HARMONi-6 study, to be presented at ESMO (Free ESMO Whitepaper) 2025, will provide a comprehensive overview of the exceptional efficacy and favorable safety profile of ivonescimab in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of first line advanced squamous NSCLC. These findings will further underscore ivonescimab’s role in advancing treatment strategies beyond first-generation immuno-oncology therapies.

The HARMONi-6 study represents the third Phase III trial of ivonescimab in NSCLC, showing significant positive outcomes. This trial is particularly important as it introduces an antiangiogenic mechanism-based therapy for sq-NSCLC, a subtype previously lacking such therapeutic options. Notably, it is the second Phase III head-to-head trial where ivonescimab has outperformed a PD-1 inhibitor-based regimen, reinforcing its breakthrough clinical value.

The promising results thus far affirm that ivonescimab provides significant advancements in clinical treatment for NSCLC, whether compared to PD-1 monotherapy, PD-1 plus chemotherapy, or VEGF-targeted therapies. The consistent superiority observed in these comparisons highlights ivonescimab’s potential to redefine treatment paradigms in oncology.

In April 2025, Akeso announced that the topline results from the registrational Phase III study, HARMONi-6, met its primary endpoint of progression-free survival (PFS), as confirmed by the Independent Data Monitoring Committee (IDMC). The results showed statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in PFS for ivonescimab plus chemotherapy compared to tislelizumab plus chemotherapy. In the intent-to-treat (ITT) population, patients receiving ivonescimab plus chemotherapy showed significantly superior PFS benefits compared to the control group. This PFS improvement was consistently observed across all subgroups, regardless of PD-L1 expression status.

On July 28, 2025, the Center for Drug Evaluation (CDE) of the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) accepted the supplemental New Drug Application (sNDA) for ivonescimab in combination with chemotherapy as a first-line treatment for advanced sq-NSCLC.

Cadonilimab (Cado) plus chemotherapy (chemo) versus chemotherapy as first-line (1L) treatment for advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma: final results of the Phase Ⅲ COMPASSION-15 trial
Speaker: Professor Shen Lin, Peking University Cancer Hospital
Presentation Format: Mini Oral Session
Abstract Number: 2098MO
Presentation Time: 10:45–10:50 AM (CEST) , Saturday, 18 October 2025
The final results of the COMPASSION-15 study, to be presented at ESMO (Free ESMO Whitepaper) 2025, will further validate the groundbreaking clinical value of the cadonilimab-based regimen, reinforcing its potential as a transformative therapeutic option for advanced gastric cancer.

Preliminary findings from the COMPASSION-15 study were first presented by Professor Ji Jiafu of Peking University Cancer Hospital at the 2024 American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) (Free AACR Whitepaper) Annual Meeting. These results garnered international recognition and were subsequently published in the esteemed Nature Medicine journal. Due to the positive clinical results, cadonilimab received approval from the NMPA in September 2024 for the first-line treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Furthermore, the regimen was included as the only immunotherapy strategy with a Category I Recommendation (Level IA Evidence) in the 2025 CSCO Gastric Cancer Guidelines, facilitating its widespread adoption in clinical practice.

On September 22, 2025 Astrazeneca reported that Koselugo (selumetinib), an oral, selective MEK inhibitor, has been recommended for approval in the European Union (EU) for the treatment of symptomatic, inoperable plexiform neurofibromas (PN) in adult patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) (Press release, AstraZeneca, SEP 22, 2025, View Source [SID1234656140]).

The Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) based its positive opinion on results from KOMET, the largest and only placebo-controlled global Phase III trial in this patient population, which were presented at the 2025 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) Annual Meeting and published in The Lancet.1

In the primary analysis of the trial, Koselugo showed a statistically significant objective response rate (ORR) of 20% (n=14/71, 95% CI: 11.2, 30.9) compared to 5% with placebo (n=4/74, 95% CI: 1.5, 13.3; p=0.01) by cycle 16.1

NF1 is a rare, progressive, genetic condition usually diagnosed in early childhood, but often progressing into adulthood, that can impact every organ system.2,3 Up to 50% of people living with NF1 may develop a type of non-malignant tumour called PN that may affect the brain, spinal cord and nerves.3,4 PN may appear later in a person’s life and can grow and become large, leading to pain, disfigurement and muscle weakness, among other debilitating symptoms.3,4

Prof. Pierre Wolkenstein, MD, PhD, Head of the Department of Dermatology at Henri Mondor Hospital, APHP, Paris East University (UPEC), and National Coordinating Investigator of the KOMET trial in Europe, said: "For adults with NF1, tumour growth doesn’t stop at childhood and can rapidly progress or develop into adulthood, impacting physical, emotional and social well-being. The positive recommendation by the CHMP for Koselugo in adults underscores the urgent need for additional targeted treatments for this patient population. When approved, Koselugo could offer a treatment option for adult patients and continuity of care across age groups, supported by established clinical experience and practice among doctors managing this lifelong condition."

Marc Dunoyer, Chief Executive Officer, Alexion, said: "The CHMP positive opinion of Koselugo in adults with NF1 PN builds on more than a decade of global clinical and real-world experience, reflecting the unmatched body of evidence supporting the safety profile and efficacy of Koselugo. As demonstrated by the results from KOMET, the largest and only placebo-controlled, double-blind global Phase III trial in an adult population, we continue to advance the pioneering legacy of Koselugo, which set the treatment standard in NF1 PN, to reach even more people worldwide."

The safety profile of Koselugo in the KOMET Phase III trial was consistent with its known profile and established use in paediatric patients.1

Koselugo has been recently approved in Japan and other countries for the treatment of adult patients with NF1 who have symptomatic, inoperable PN based on data from the KOMET Phase III trial, and additional regulatory reviews are ongoing.

Notes

NF1
NF1 is a rare, progressive, genetic condition that is caused by a spontaneous or inherited mutation in the NF1 gene.2,3 NF1 is associated with a variety of symptoms, including soft lumps on and under the skin (cutaneous neurofibromas) and, in up to 50% of patients, tumours called plexiform neurofibromas (PN) may develop on the nerve sheaths.3,4 These PN can cause clinical issues such as disfigurement, motor dysfunction, pain, airway dysfunction, visual impairment and bladder or bowel dysfunction.3,4

KOMET
KOMET is a global Phase III randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Koselugo in adults with NF1 who have symptomatic, inoperable PN. The trial enrolled 145 adults from 13 countries across North America, South America, Europe, Asia and Australia, with participants’ baseline characteristics, including gender and distribution of PN, reflective of the global adult NF1 patient population. Patients were enrolled and randomised to receive Koselugo or placebo (1:1) for 12 28-day cycles. Participants were required to have diagnosis of NF1, at least one symptomatic, inoperable PN measurable by volumetric MRI analysis, chronic PN pain score documented during screening, adequate organ and marrow function and stable chronic PN pain medication use at enrolment.1,5

The primary endpoint is confirmed objective response rate (ORR) by cycle 16 as assessed by ICR. ORR is defined as the percentage of patients with confirmed complete response (disappearance of PNs) or partial response (at least 20% reduction in tumour volume). Secondary endpoints include improved PN-related pain and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) at cycle 12.1,5

After 12 cycles, patients on placebo were switched to Koselugo and patients on Koselugo remained on treatment for an additional 12 cycles. Patients who had the opportunity to complete 24 cycles of treatment have the option to participate in a long-term extension period and continue to receive Koselugo.1,5

Koselugo
Koselugo (selumetinib) is a kinase inhibitor that blocks specific enzymes (MEK1 and MEK2), which are involved in stimulating cells to grow. In NF1, these enzymes are overactive, causing tumour cells to grow in an unregulated way creating so-called plexiform neurofibromas (PN). By blocking these enzymes, Koselugo slows down the growth of tumour cells and, therefore, the PN growth. 
 
Koselugo is approved in the US, EU, Japan, China and other countries for the treatment of certain paediatric patients with NF1 who have symptomatic, inoperable PN.

Koselugo is approved in Japan and other countries for the treatment of adult patients with NF1 who have symptomatic, inoperable PN, and additional regulatory reviews are ongoing

Koselugo has been granted Orphan Drug Designation in the US, EU, Japan and other countries for the treatment of NF1.

Schedule your 30 min Free 1stOncology Demo!
Discover why more than 1,500 members use 1stOncology™ to excel in:

Early/Late Stage Pipeline Development - Target Scouting - Clinical Biomarkers - Indication Selection & Expansion - BD&L Contacts - Conference Reports - Combinatorial Drug Settings - Companion Diagnostics - Drug Repositioning - First-in-class Analysis - Competitive Analysis - Deals & Licensing

                  Schedule Your 30 min Free Demo!

On September 22, 2025 Akeso Inc. (9926.HK) reported that the Late-Breaking Abstract (LBA) from the registrational Phase III clinical study (AK112-306/HARMONi-6 study) of ivonescimab, a globally first-in-class bispecific antibody targeting PD-1 and VEGF, will be presented at the 2025 European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) (Free ESMO Whitepaper) Annual Congress (Press release, Akeso Biopharma, SEP 22, 2025, View Source [SID1234656155]). This study, which evaluates ivonescimab in combination with chemotherapy versus tislelizumab plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced squamous non-small cell lung cancer (sq-NSCLC), has been selected for the Presidential Symposium. The study’s principal investigator, Professor Lu Shun, Director of the Department of Oncology at Shanghai Chest Hospital, will present the results from this pivotal study.

Schedule your 30 min Free 1stOncology Demo!
Discover why more than 1,500 members use 1stOncology™ to excel in:

Early/Late Stage Pipeline Development - Target Scouting - Clinical Biomarkers - Indication Selection & Expansion - BD&L Contacts - Conference Reports - Combinatorial Drug Settings - Companion Diagnostics - Drug Repositioning - First-in-class Analysis - Competitive Analysis - Deals & Licensing

                  Schedule Your 30 min Free Demo!

Additionally, the final results of the Phase III clinical study (COMPASSION-15/AK104-302 study) of cadonilimab in combination with oxaliplatin and capecitabine as first-line treatment for unresectable, locally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma, have been accepted for a Mini Oral Session at ESMO (Free ESMO Whitepaper). Cadonilimab is a first-in-class bispecific antibody targeting PD-1 and CTLA-4 developed by Akeso that is currently approved for first line treatment of gastric cancer, first line treatment of cervical cancer, and second/third line treatment of cervical cancer. The study’s principal investigator, Professor Shen Lin from Peking University Cancer Hospital, will present the findings in an oral presentation.

Phase Ⅲ Study of lvonescimab plus chemotherapy versus Tislelizumab plus chemotherapy as Firstline Treatment for advanced squamous non-small cell lung cancer (HARMONi-6)

Speakers: Professor Shun Lu (Shanghai, China)
Session: Presidential Symposium 2 Proffered Paper session
Presentation Time: 16:30 -16:42 (CEST) Sun. 19.10.2025
Room: Berlin Auditorium – Hub 27
The upcoming detailed results from the HARMONi-6 study, to be presented at ESMO (Free ESMO Whitepaper) 2025, will provide a comprehensive overview of the exceptional efficacy and favorable safety profile of ivonescimab in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of first line advanced squamous NSCLC. These findings will further underscore ivonescimab’s role in advancing treatment strategies beyond first-generation immuno-oncology therapies.

The HARMONi-6 study represents the third Phase III trial of ivonescimab in NSCLC, showing significant positive outcomes. This trial is particularly important as it introduces an antiangiogenic mechanism-based therapy for sq-NSCLC, a subtype previously lacking such therapeutic options. Notably, it is the second Phase III head-to-head trial where ivonescimab has outperformed a PD-1 inhibitor-based regimen, reinforcing its breakthrough clinical value.

The promising results thus far affirm that ivonescimab provides significant advancements in clinical treatment for NSCLC, whether compared to PD-1 monotherapy, PD-1 plus chemotherapy, or VEGF-targeted therapies. The consistent superiority observed in these comparisons highlights ivonescimab’s potential to redefine treatment paradigms in oncology.

In April 2025, Akeso announced that the topline results from the registrational Phase III study, HARMONi-6, met its primary endpoint of progression-free survival (PFS), as confirmed by the Independent Data Monitoring Committee (IDMC). The results showed statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in PFS for ivonescimab plus chemotherapy compared to tislelizumab plus chemotherapy. In the intent-to-treat (ITT) population, patients receiving ivonescimab plus chemotherapy showed significantly superior PFS benefits compared to the control group. This PFS improvement was consistently observed across all subgroups, regardless of PD-L1 expression status.

On July 28, 2025, the Center for Drug Evaluation (CDE) of the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) accepted the supplemental New Drug Application (sNDA) for ivonescimab in combination with chemotherapy as a first-line treatment for advanced sq-NSCLC.

Cadonilimab (Cado) plus chemotherapy (chemo) versus chemotherapy as first-line (1L) treatment for advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma: final results of the Phase Ⅲ COMPASSION-15 trial
Speaker: Professor Shen Lin, Peking University Cancer Hospital
Presentation Format: Mini Oral Session
Abstract Number: 2098MO
Presentation Time: 10:45–10:50 AM (CEST) , Saturday, 18 October 2025
The final results of the COMPASSION-15 study, to be presented at ESMO (Free ESMO Whitepaper) 2025, will further validate the groundbreaking clinical value of the cadonilimab-based regimen, reinforcing its potential as a transformative therapeutic option for advanced gastric cancer.

Preliminary findings from the COMPASSION-15 study were first presented by Professor Ji Jiafu of Peking University Cancer Hospital at the 2024 American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) (Free AACR Whitepaper) Annual Meeting. These results garnered international recognition and were subsequently published in the esteemed Nature Medicine journal. Due to the positive clinical results, cadonilimab received approval from the NMPA in September 2024 for the first-line treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Furthermore, the regimen was included as the only immunotherapy strategy with a Category I Recommendation (Level IA Evidence) in the 2025 CSCO Gastric Cancer Guidelines, facilitating its widespread adoption in clinical practice.