On June 4, 2021 Alkermes plc (Nasdaq: ALKS) reported new data from its ARTISTRY clinical development program for nemvaleukin alfa (nemvaleukin), Alkermes’ novel, investigational engineered interleukin-2 (IL-2) variant immunotherapy. The data are being presented at the 2021 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) Annual Meeting, taking place virtually June 4-8, 2021, and in an investor webcast presentation hosted by the company (Press release, Alkermes, JUN 4, 2021, View Source [SID1234583574]).

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The presentations include updated efficacy and safety data from ARTISTRY-1, an ongoing phase 1/2 study investigating intravenous (IV) nemvaleukin, which showed anti-tumor activity of IV nemvaleukin monotherapy in checkpoint inhibitor (CPI)-experienced melanoma and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients, and anti-tumor activity of IV nemvaleukin in combination with pembrolizumab in a range of difficult-to-treat tumors, including in CPI-unapproved tumor types, and in CPI-approved tumor types among both CPI treatment-naïve and pretreated patients. Durable and deepening responses have been observed with IV nemvaleukin, as monotherapy or in combination with pembrolizumab, in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (PROC) and mucosal melanoma. Treatment-related adverse events (AEs) were mostly transient and manageable and the maximum tolerated dose had not yet been reached.

Alkermes’ presentations also include data from ARTISTRY-2, an ongoing phase 1/2 study evaluating subcutaneous (SC) nemvaleukin. Findings include a pharmacodynamic response and safety profile that support the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D), and encouraging early signs of anti-tumor activity in PROC.

"Intravenous nemvaleukin’s observed single-agent activity in melanoma and renal cell carcinoma, and combination activity in both PD-1/L1 unapproved and approved tumor types, support its potential to be a treatment option for a range of difficult-to-treat cancers," said Valentina Boni, M.D., Ph.D., Lead Investigator, ARTISTRY-1 and Medical Oncologist Principal Investigator START Madrid at Centro Integral Oncológico Clara Campal. "In the ARTISTRY-1 trial, the durable and deepening responses observed in PROC and mucosal melanoma are particularly encouraging as these patients have limited treatment options."

"ARTISTRY-1 and ARTISTRY-2 have yielded important clinical data that will guide and serve as the foundation for future clinical evaluation of nemvaleukin. As the data have evolved, we have seen new objective responses in a range of tumors, and improvements upon certain previously reported responses, which provide additional support for nemvaleukin’s potential utility," said Craig Hopkinson, M.D., Chief Medical Officer and Executive Vice President of Research & Development at Alkermes. "We are proud to participate in the important dialogue at this year’s Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) and are committed to the development of medicines that seek to improve treatment outcomes for people affected by cancer, particularly cancers for which there are limited or no treatment options currently available."

Data highlights from the ASCO (Free ASCO Whitepaper) poster presentations and the company’s investor presentation include:

ARTISTRY-1, IV Nemvaleukin Monotherapy Cohort
The ARTISTRY-1 monotherapy cohort included CPI-experienced patients with melanoma and renal cell carcinoma. Data are as of March 19, 2021 unless otherwise noted:

Melanoma monotherapy cohort: Among 30 total evaluable patients, 24 continued on study, including 13 patients who rolled over to a combination cohort evaluating nemvaleukin in combination with pembrolizumab.
Metastatic mucosal melanoma: 2 out of 6 patients achieved a partial response (PR) (one unconfirmed). The patient with the confirmed PR demonstrated a durable, deepening response and had been on treatment for 74 weeks.
Cutaneous melanoma: 2 out of 18 evaluable patients achieved a PR (one unconfirmed, one awaiting confirmation), as of May 3, 2021.
Stable disease (SD) was observed in 21 patients.
RCC monotherapy cohort: Among 20 evaluable patients, 12 continued on study, including 6 who rolled over to a combination cohort.
2 patients achieved a PR (one awaiting confirmation as of May 3, 2021) and SD was observed in 10 patients.
ARTISTRY-1, IV Nemvaleukin in Combination with Pembrolizumab
The combination cohorts in ARTISTRY-1 included: patients with PD-1/L1 unapproved tumor types; patients with PD-1/L1 approved tumor types (PD-1/L1 pretreated and PD-1/L1 treatment naïve); patients in tumor-specific cohorts; and patients who rolled over from monotherapy cohorts. Data are as of May 3, 2021:

Among the total 100 evaluable patients in the combination cohorts, 19 objective responses were observed.
Out of the 14 evaluable patients with ovarian cancer enrolled in the PD-1/L1 unapproved cohort, there was 1 complete response (CR), 3 PRs (one unconfirmed) and 6 had SD. As of the data cut, 3 of the 4 patients with objective responses had been on treatment for more than a year and continued on therapy.
Out of the 4 evaluable patients with cervical cancer enrolled in the PD-1/L1 approved cohort, 2 achieved a PR (one awaiting confirmation). As of the data cut, 3 out of the 4 evaluable patients continued on therapy.
Objective responses were also observed in patients with the following cancers: esophageal, bladder, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, breast, RCC, mucosal melanoma, colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, head and neck, small cell and non-small cell lung.
As of March 19, 2021, treatment-related AEs across the monotherapy and combination cohorts were consistent with expectations based on nemvaleukin’s mechanism of action and were mostly transient and manageable at the IV RP2D of 6 µg/kg. Pyrexia, chills and nausea were the most commonly reported AEs. Transient and asymptomatic neutropenia/neutrophil count decrease were the most commonly reported events of grade ≥3. Nemvaleukin, whether as monotherapy or in combination with pembrolizumab, demonstrated no additive toxicity to that established with pembrolizumab alone.

ARTISTRY-2, SC Nemvaleukin Study
The dose-escalation stage of ARTISTRY-2 evaluated the safety and tolerability of ascending doses of SC nemvaleukin administered once weekly (q7d) or once-every-three-weeks (q21d) as lead-in monotherapy for six weeks, followed by combination with pembrolizumab. The ongoing efficacy-expansion stage of ARTISTRY-2 is examining the safety and efficacy of SC nemvaleukin administered at the RP2D in combination with pembrolizumab in select solid tumors. Data are as of March 19, 2021 unless otherwise noted:

SC 3 mg q7d nemvaleukin was selected as the RP2D for the efficacy expansion stage following its demonstration of pharmacodynamic effects on Natural Killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T cells, with minimal expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs), and a safety and tolerability profile largely consistent with the anticipated pharmacological effect and that observed with IV nemvaleukin.
Phase 2 expansion cohorts at the RP2D recently opened for enrollment. As of May 3, 2021, one confirmed PR had been observed in a patient with PROC, with a 53% reduction in target lesion and a normalization of CA-125 levels.
The safety profile of SC nemvaleukin was largely consistent with that reported for IV nemvaleukin. The most common AEs were pyrexia, fatigue, chills and injection site reactions. Three dose-limiting toxicities were reported, all in the highest doses evaluated in each dosing regimen (declared as the maximum tolerated dose). No additive toxicity was observed with the addition of pembrolizumab to the SC treatment regimen.

Data from both presentations are available on the ASCO (Free ASCO Whitepaper) website at View Source

Abstract: 2513
Title: ARTISTRY-1: Nemvaleukin Alfa Monotherapy and in Combination With Pembrolizumab in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors
Presenter: Valentina Boni, M.D., Ph.D., Medical Oncologist and Principal Investigator, START Madrid at Centro Integral Oncológico Clara Campal, Madrid, Spain
Presentation Date/Time: The on-demand poster discussion session will take place on June 4, 2021 at 9:00 a.m. ET

Abstract: 2552
Title: Selection of the Recommended Phase 2 Dose (RP2D) for Subcutaneous Nemvaleukin Alfa: ARTISTRY-2
Presenter: Omid Hamid, M.D., Chief of Research and Immunotherapy, The Angeles Clinic and Research Institute
Presentation Date: The poster presentation will be available on-demand to attendees beginning June 4, 2021

Conference Call and Webcast
Alkermes will host a webcast presentation and conference call with accompanying slides for analysts and investors on Friday, June 4, 2021, at 4:00 p.m. ET (9:00 p.m. BST) to discuss the latest data from the ARTISTRY-1 and ARTISTRY-2 clinical trials. The webcast will feature ARTISTRY clinical program investigators, Valentina Boni, M.D., Ph.D., Medical Oncologist and Principal Investigator, START Madrid at Centro Integral Oncológico Clara Campal; and Omid Hamid, M.D., Chief of Research and Immunotherapy, The Angeles Clinic and Research Institute, and members of Alkermes’ management team. The webcast player may be accessed on the Investors section of Alkermes’ website at www.alkermes.com. To participate in the question-and-answer session, please also dial in to the conference call, which may be accessed by dialing +1 877-407-2988 for U.S. callers and +1 201-389-0923 for international callers. A replay of the webcast will be archived on the company’s website for 30 days following the presentation.

About Nemvaleukin Alfa ("nemvaleukin")
Nemvaleukin is an investigational, novel, engineered fusion protein comprised of modified interleukin-2 (IL-2) and the high affinity IL-2 alpha receptor chain, designed to selectively expand tumor-killing immune cells while avoiding the activation of immunosuppressive cells by preferentially binding to the intermediate-affinity IL-2 receptor complex. The selectivity of nemvaleukin is designed to leverage the proven anti-tumor effects of existing IL-2 therapy while mitigating certain limitations.

About the ARTISTRY Clinical Development Program
ARTISTRY is an Alkermes-sponsored clinical development program evaluating nemvaleukin alfa as a potential immunotherapy for cancer. The ARTISTRY program is comprised of multiple clinical trials evaluating intravenous and subcutaneous dosing of nemvaleukin, both as a monotherapy and in combination with the anti-PD-1 therapy KEYTRUDA (pembrolizumab) in patients with advanced solid tumors. Ongoing trials include: ARTISTRY-1, ARTISTRY-2, ARTISTRY-3 and ARTISTRY-6.

On June 4, 2021 Tarveda Therapeutics, Inc., a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company developing a new class of potent and selective precision oncology medicines, which it refers to as Pentarin miniature drug conjugates, reported data from the gastrointestinal (GI) mid-gut neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) cohort of its Phase 2 clinical trial of PEN-221, presented at the 2021 American Society for Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) Annual Meeting (Press release, Tarveda Therapeutics, JUN 4, 2021, businesswire.com/news/home/20210604005111/en/Tarveda-Therapeutics-Presents-Promising-Phase-2-Data-of-PEN-221-in-Gastrointestinal-Mid-gut-Neuroendocrine-Tumors [SID1234583590]).

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"The results presented at ASCO (Free ASCO Whitepaper) from the gastrointestinal mid-gut neuroendocrine cohort of the PEN-221 trial show that PEN-221 was well tolerated and demonstrated efficacy exceeding its clinical efficacy goals with a clinical benefit rate of 88.5% and median progression-free survival of 9 months," said Jeffrey Bloss, M.D., Chief Medical Officer of Tarveda. "We are encouraged by the safety and efficacy shown by PEN-221 in GI mid-gut NETs and are developing a randomized trial to further evaluate PEN-221 in this patient population."

"Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors are a disease with a significant unmet need. While targeting SSTR2 receptors has been an effective strategy in treating GI NETs, there remains a need for additional therapies which delay disease progression and prolong patients’ lives," said Daniel M Halperin, M.D., Assistant Professor, Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. "PEN-221 selectively binds with high affinity to SSTR2 expressed on neuroendocrine tumors, where it releases its DM1 payload directly into the tumor cells, causing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This approach demonstrated encouraging efficacy results in the GI mid-gut NET cohort of the Phase 2 trial and was well tolerated by patients."

The results presented had a data cutoff of July 31, 2020 and five patients remained on study at the time of the cutoff. Of the 32 patients included in these results, the first nine were treated at the Phase 1 determined maximum tolerated dose of 18 mg. After review of the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic data, the regimen was amended to 8.8 mg/m2 for all subsequent patients to achieve more uniform exposures across all patients and reduce toxicity in patients with lower body-surface-area (BSA).

Trial Design

PEN-221 was administered as a one-hour intravenous infusion once every three weeks to patients with advanced SSTR2+ GI mid-gut NETs with documented radiographic progression within the six months prior to enrollment. Preliminary efficacy was assessed using RECIST 1.1. A clinically meaningful efficacy result was defined as a clinical benefit rate (CBR) > 75% and a median progression-free survival (mPFS) > 8 months.

Safety Data

A safety analysis of 32 patients demonstrated that PEN-221 was well tolerated when dosed at 8.8 mg/m2. The most frequent treatment related adverse events of any Grade were fatigue (39%), nausea (38%), diarrhea (35%), decreased appetite (30%), infusion reaction (24%), aspartate transaminase (AST)/alanine transaminase (ALT)/alkaline phosphatase (Alk Phos) increase (24%), and peripheral neuropathy (21%). Only 14 (10%) of these events were Grade 3 or greater. Grade 3 treatment related adverse events, which were reported in two or more patients, included fatigue (7.6%), ALT/AST/Alk Phos increase (7.6%), and peripheral neuropathy (3%).

Efficacy Data

PEN-221 demonstrated efficacy at 8.8 mg/m2 with a CBR of 88.5% and mPFS of 9 months. Of the 26 patients who were evaluable for response, 23 (88.5%) had stable disease (SD) reported as their best response and target lesion shrinkage was observed in 10 (38%) patients.

A randomized trial of PEN-221 in GI mid-gut NET patients is now in development.

The poster presentation is available on demand on the ASCO (Free ASCO Whitepaper) website beginning on June 4, 2021 at 9:00 AM ET. Details of the poster presentation are as follows:

Title: The safety and efficacy of PEN-221 somatostatin analog (SSA)-DM1 conjugate in patients (PTS) with advanced GI mid-gut neuroendocrine tumor (NET): Phase 2 results.
Abstract Number: 4110

About PEN-221

PEN-221 is a miniature drug conjugate consisting of a peptide ligand, that is highly selective in targeting SSTR2, joined through a cleavable linker to the potent cytotoxic payload DM1. SSTR2 is overexpressed on the cell surface of a range of solid tumors including neuroendocrine tumors and small cell lung cancers. In non-clinical experiments, PEN-221 binds with high affinity and selectivity to SSTR2. On binding, PEN-221 triggers SSTR2 internalization resulting in the accumulation of the DM1 payload in tumor cells followed by cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.

PEN-221 is being evaluated in Phase 2a expansion cohorts enrolling patients with mid-gut neuroendocrine tumors, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, and small cell lung cancer (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02936323).

On June 4, 2021 GRAIL, Inc., a healthcare company whose mission is to detect cancer early, reported the first results from the interventional PATHFINDER study evaluating Galleri, a multi-cancer early detection (MCED) blood test. The results, presented at the 2021 ASCO (Free ASCO Whitepaper) Annual Meeting, support Galleri’s performance in clinical settings (Press release, Grail Bio, JUN 4, 2021, View Source [SID1234583644]). The company also announced today that Galleri is now available in the U.S. by prescription only.

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"The interim results of PATHFINDER demonstrate that a routine blood test is capable of detecting many different cancers even before symptoms arise, an approach that has significant potential advantages," said Dr. Tomasz M. Beer, deputy director at the OHSU Knight Cancer Institute and presenting author. "Most importantly, it can detect cancers that have no recommended screening tests today, and more than two-thirds of cancers go unscreened for this reason. These results are a pivotal step toward extending early detection to many more types of cancer."

Clinical Data from PATHFINDER

PATHFINDER was designed to assess the implementation and performance of Galleri in a clinical care setting, evaluate the clinical care pathways following a "signal detected" Galleri test result, and measure the time required to achieve diagnostic resolution.

The study analyzed 6,629 individuals aged 50 years or older, an age group at elevated risk for cancer, but with no suspicion of active cancer. Compared to the general population, participants had equal or higher compliance with recommended breast and colon cancer screening tests.

In the interim analysis, an earlier version of Galleri accurately detected 29 cancers across 13 types: breast, colon or rectum, head and neck, liver and bile duct, lung, lymphoid leukemia, lymphoma, ovary, pancreas, plasma cell neoplasm, prostate, small intestine, and Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. Of the new cancers detected, nearly 40% (9/23) were localized (stage I-II), and more than half (13/23) were detected before distant metastases (stage I-III). PATHFINDER participants will continue to be followed for 12 months, with final results expected in the first half of 2022.

"Finding cancer early, when treatment is more likely to be successful, is one of the most significant opportunities we have to reduce the burden of cancer," said Dr. Joshua Ofman, chief medical officer and head of external affairs at GRAIL. "These data suggest that, if used at scale alongside existing screening tests, the Galleri test could have a profound impact on how cancer is detected and, ultimately, on public health."

The interim PATHFINDER positive predictive value (PPV), or the likelihood that a person has cancer when a positive test result is returned, was 44.6% (95% CI: 33.2-56.7%), which is consistent with findings from GRAIL’s case-controlled Circulating Cell-free Genome Atlas (CCGA) Study.

When cancer was confirmed, Galleri’s first or second cancer signal origin prediction was 96.3% accurate (95% CI: 81.7-99.8%), with a median observed time to cancer diagnosis of 50 days. The interim analysis identified only four study-related adverse events (two related to mild anxiety before the test, one related to mild anxiety about the blood draw, and one related to mild bruising).

"Early cancer detection is critical to reducing the burden of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. These results reflect the potential real-world ability of Galleri to find deadly cancers earlier, and represent a leap forward in the effort to treat cancer more effectively," Dr. Beer said.

Data is presented by Dr. Beer, and the presentation will be available at View Source

Introducing Galleri

Galleri is now available in the U.S. by prescription only. The Galleri test is intended for use in those with an elevated risk of cancer, such as adults aged 50 or older, and as a complement to existing single cancer screening tests.

In an observational study, Galleri has demonstrated the ability to detect more than 50 types of cancer, over 45 of which lack recommended screening tests today in the U.S., with a low false positive rate of less than 1%. When cancer is detected, Galleri can determine the cancer signal origin with high accuracy. New CCGA data published today in Clinical Cancer Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) (Free AACR Whitepaper), also demonstrate the ability of GRAIL’s technology to preferentially detect cancers that are more aggressive than expected based on age, and the cancer stage and type.

The blood test is supported by what is believed to be the largest clinical study program in genomic medicine, with over 140 clinical study sites, including the Mayo Clinic, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Sutter Health, OHSU, Intermountain Healthcare, and U.S. Oncology Research.

Cancer is expected to become the leading cause of death in the United States this year, in large part because the majority of cancers are found too late when outcomes are poor. Recommended screening tests save lives, but only cover five cancer types in the U.S. In fact, 71% of cancer deaths in the U.S. have no recommended early detection screening.

For more information about Galleri, visit www.galleri.com.

REFLECTION Registry

GRAIL also announced it will establish a real-world evidence study, REFLECTION, to understand the experience and clinical outcomes of 35,000 individuals in the U.S. who are prescribed the Galleri test from a healthcare provider. This follows an announcement last fall that Galleri will be offered to eligible patients in the United Kingdom (UK) later this year as part of a partnership with the UK National Health Service to support its Long Term Plan for earlier cancer diagnoses.

Important Safety Information

Galleri is recommended for use in adults with an elevated risk for cancer, such as those aged 50 or older. The Galleri test does not detect all cancers and should be used in addition to routine cancer screening tests recommended by a healthcare provider. Galleri is intended to detect cancer signals and predict where in the body the cancer signal is located.

Results should be interpreted by a healthcare provider in the context of medical history, clinical signs, and symptoms. A test result of ​"Cancer Signal Not Detected" does not rule out cancer. A test result of ​"Cancer Signal Detected" requires confirmatory diagnostic evaluation by medically established procedures (e.g., imaging) to confirm cancer.

If cancer is not confirmed with further testing, it could mean that cancer is not present or testing was insufficient to detect cancer, including due to the cancer being located in a different part of the body. False positive (a cancer signal detected when cancer is not present) and false negative (a cancer signal not detected when cancer is present) test results do occur. Galleri is prescription only.

Laboratory/Test Information

GRAIL’s clinical laboratory is certified under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) and accredited by the College of American Pathologists (CAP). The Galleri test was developed, and its performance characteristics were determined by GRAIL. The Galleri test has not been cleared or approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. GRAIL’s clinical laboratory is regulated under CLIA to perform high-complexity testing. The Galleri test is intended for clinical purposes.

On June 4, 2021 BerGenBio ASA (OSE:BGBIO), BerGenBio ASA (OSE: BGBIO), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing novel, selective AXL kinase inhibitors for severe unmet medical need, reported that end-of-trial data from a Phase I/II study of bemcentinib in combination with erlotinib in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) Annual Meeting (Press release, BerGenBio, JUN 4, 2021, View Source [SID1234583870]).

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Study Design

Phase I of the study was a dose escalation arm designed to confirm the safety and tolerability of bemcentinib in NSCLC patients as both monotherapy and in combination with erlotinib in patients whose disease had previously progressed on erlotinib alone.

Phase II assessed patients in two groups; those whose disease had progressed on an approved EGFR inhibitor, and those who were responding/stable on erlotinib as a first line treatment. Both groups were treated with bemcentinib and erlotinib to evaluate the safety and activity of the combination, while assessing reversal or prevention of resistance to EGFR inhibition.

Conclusions

Data from the study found that Bemcentinib in combination with erlotinib was well tolerated over extended periods of time, with the longest ongoing patients having been dosed for over 46 months.

The combination led to disease stabilisation and durable tumour responses in a proportion of patients who had previously progressed on EGFR targeted therapy and who were negative for the T790M resistance mutation. In patients who were responding to first line treatment with erlotinib, either stable disease or partial response, the addition of bemcentinib led to further deepening of responses and prolonged the duration of responses beyond 30 months in 4 out of the 13 patients evaluated.

At the time of data cut-off, 2 patients are still participating in the study beyond 34 months of treatment. Ongoing patients at the time of study closure, who wish to continue receiving study treatment, will be offered the drug via an expanded access program.

Presenting author Lauren Byers, M.D., associate professor of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, in Houston, said: "We are encouraged by the responses observed both in patients whose disease was progressing on EGFRi alone, as well as patients already in remission with erlotinib. In particular we were pleased to see durable responses exhibited by a number of patients on the study, with two patients continuing to be dosed with bemcentinib beyond 36 months. This is a good indicator that
bemcentinib offers excellent tolerability as well as the potential for anti-tumour activity and we look forward to following their progress as their treatment continues"

Byers reports past advisory board participation for BerGenBio.

Richard Godfrey, CEO of BerGenBio, said: "This end of study data shows the potential of bemcentinib as a combination treatment alongside EGFR inhibitors such as erlotinib and osimertinib, which are established treatments and widely used in indications such as NSCLC in patients with the EGFR driver mutation. We believe that further clinical investigation is needed to fully explore this potential, and look forward to discussing our findings further with our colleagues at ASCO (Free ASCO Whitepaper)."

Details of the presentation, also available on the investor section of BerGenBio’s website, are as follows:

E-poster title: Ph I/II study of oral selective AXL inhibitor bemcentinib (BGB324) in combination with erlotinib in patients with advanced EGFRm NSCLC: end of trial update

Session: Lung Cancer – Non-Small Cell Metastatic

Abstract ID: 9110

Date/Time: Friday, June 4, 2021 at 9:00 AM (EDT)

Authors: Byers et al.

About AXL

AXL kinase is a cell membrane receptor and an essential mediator of the biological mechanisms underlying life-threatening diseases.

In COVID-19, AXL has two synergistic mechanisms of action, it acts a co-receptor to ACE2, to which the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus attaches and enters the host cell, and AXL expression is upregulated that leads to suppression of the Type 1 Interferon immune response by host cells and in their environment.

Research data confirms bemcentinib inhibits SARS-CoV-2 host cell entry and promotes the anti-viral Type I interferon response. Data from a Phase II in human clinical trial has shown that treatment with AXL inhibitor bemcentinib increased the rate ventilator free survival in hospitalised COVID-19 patients.

In cancer, increase in AXL expression has been linked to key mechanisms of drug resistance and immune escape by tumour cells, leading to aggressive metastatic cancers. AXL suppresses the body’s immune response to tumours and drives treatment failure across many cancers. High AXL expression defines a very poor prognosis subgroup in most cancers. AXL inhibitors, such as bemcentinib, therefore, have potential high value as monotherapy and as the cornerstone of cancer combination therapy, addressing significant unmet medical needs and multiple high-value market opportunities. Research has also shown that AXL mediates other aggressive diseases including fibrosis.

About Bemcentinib

Bemcentinib (formerly known as BGB324), is a potential first-in-class, potent and highly selective AXL inhibitor, currently in a broad phase II clinical development programme. It is administered as an oral capsule and taken once per day. Ongoing clinical trials are investigating bemcentinib in COVID-19, and multiple solid and haematological tumours, in combination with current and emerging therapies (including immunotherapies, targeted therapies and chemotherapy), and as a single agent. Bemcentinib targets and binds to the intracellular catalytic kinase domain of AXL receptor tyrosine kinase and inhibits its activity.

On June 4, 2021 Jounce Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ: JNCE), a clinical-stage company focused on the discovery and development of novel cancer immunotherapies and predictive biomarkers, reported two trial in progress posters, on the Phase 1 INNATE clinical trial and the Phase 2 SELECT clinical trial, at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) (Free ASCO Whitepaper) Virtual Annual Meeting (Press release, Jounce Therapeutics, JUN 4, 2021, View Source [SID1234583507]). INNATE, a proof-of-concept (POC) trial, is evaluating Jounce’s lead macrophage program JTX-8064 (anti-LILRB2/ILT4 inhibitor) as a monotherapy and in combination with pimivalimab (anti-PD-1 inhibitor, formerly known as JTX-4014) in patients with a variety of advanced solid tumors. SELECT, Jounce’s second POC trial, is evaluating pimivalimab as a monotherapy and in combination with vopratelimab (ICOS agonist) in a novel biomarker selection paradigm in PD-(L)1 naïve non-small cell lung cancer patients.

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"Our INNATE trial is rapidly progressing through dose escalation and we are on-track to begin indication-specific, POC, monotherapy and pimivalimab combination expansion cohorts in the second half of this year," said Elizabeth Trehu, M.D., chief medical officer of Jounce Therapeutics. "Furthermore, we are excited to announce the expansion cohort indications for INNATE, which were selected using our translational data-driven approach, linking JTX-8064’s mechanism to tumor types in three groups of patients including: PD-(L)1 inhibitor experienced and resistant, PD-(L)1 inhibitor naïve and historically resistant, and PD-(L)1 inhibitor and historically more sensitive. JTX-8064 is one of only two clinical-stage LILRB2 programs in development and we expect it to be the first program to initiate expansion cohorts in four of our chosen tumor types. We are also pleased to see TISvopra positivity rates tracking with expectations in our biomarker selection trial, SELECT, and we remain on-track to report data next year."

Poster Presentation Details:

Poster Title: Phase 1, First-in-Human trial of JTX-8064, an anti-LILRB2/ILT4 monoclonal antibody, as monotherapy and in combination with anti-PD-1 in adult patients with advanced solid (INNATE)
Presenter: Kyriakos P. Papadopoulos, MD, South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, TX
Session Title: Developmental Therapeutics – Immunotherapy
Abstract Number: TPS2672
Date and Time: Friday, June 4, 2021; 9:00am ET
Highlights from the trial in progress poster include the selection criteria for expansion cohorts in the ongoing Phase 1 INNATE trial and an outline the future biomarker plan:

Expansion cohort selection was informed using human histoculture and gene signature analysis from Jounce’s Translational Science Platform and includes PD-(L)1 naïve and experienced patients as well as PD-(L)1 sensitive and resistant tumor types.
The INNATE trial is divided into 4 stages with indication-specific expansion cohorts intended to establish proof-of-concept for JTX-8064:
JTX-8064 monotherapy dose escalation in relapsed / refractory solid tumors
JTX-8064 plus pimivalimab dose escalation in relapsed / refractory solid tumors
JTX-8064 monotherapy expansion in PD-(L)1i naïve platinum resistant ovarian cancer
JTX-8064 plus pimivalimab expansions in:
PD-(L)1i naïve platinum resistant ovarian cancer
PD-(L)1i naïve head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)
PD-(L)1i naïve undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) and liposarcoma (LPS)
PD-(L)1i experienced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
PD-(L)1i experienced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)
PD-(L)1i experienced triple negative breast cancer (TNBC)
PD-(L)1i experienced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC).
The dose for expansion cohorts will be selected based on safety, pharmacokinetic and receptor occupancy data from the monotherapy dose escalation stage of INNATE.
Archival and pre-treatment tumor biopsies as well as pre- and post-treatment blood samples will be collected to evaluate a number of potential predictive and pharmacodynamic biomarkers using Jounce’s Translational Science Platform.
Poster Title: Phase 2 Study of PD-1 Inhibitor JTX-4014 (Pimivalimab) Alone and in Combination with Vopratelimab, an ICOS Agonist, in Biomarker-selected Subjects with Metastatic NSCLC After One Prior Platinum-containing Regimen (SELECT)
Presenter: Oleh Kobziev, MD, Regional Center of Oncology, Kharkiv, 61070, Ukraine
Session Title: Lung Cancer – Non-Small Cell Metastatic
Abstract Number: TPS9137
Date and Time: Friday, June 4, 2021; 9:00am ET

The SELECT trial is currently enrolling approximately 75 immunotherapy naïve NSCLC patients who have been pre-selected with the TISvopra predictive biomarker

TISvopra may serve as a unique biomarker for potential increased benefit for both pimivalimab monotherapy as well as pimivalimab in combination with vopratelimab.
Data from Jounce and a third-party ICOS agonist program support an ICOS-focused biomarker selection strategy to identify patients that may benefit from ICOS agonism.
Early screening data from SELECT support Jounce’s estimate that approximately 20% of PD-(L)1i naïve non-small cell lung cancer patients tested for TISvopra in the study would meet the TISvopra positivity threshold.
SELECT is on-track to report clinical data in 2022.
Both posters will be available on the "Our Pipeline" section of the Jounce Therapeutics website under "Publications" at www.jouncetx.com.

About JTX-8064

JTX-8064 is a humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody designed to specifically bind to Leukocyte Immunoglobulin Like Receptor B2 (LILRB2/ILT4) and block interactions with its ligands. JTX-8064 is the first tumor-associated macrophage candidate developed from Jounce’s Translational Science Platform. Preclinical data presented at the 2020 Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) (Free SITC Whitepaper)’s Annual Meeting and the 2019 and 2021 American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) (Free AACR Whitepaper) Annual Meetings support the development of JTX-8064 as a novel immunotherapy to reprogram immune-suppressive macrophages and enhance anti-tumor immunity. A Phase 1 clinical trial named INNATE (NCT04669899) of JTX-8064 as a monotherapy and in combination with Jounce’s internal anti-PD-1 inhibitor, pimivalimab (formerly JTX-4014) is currently enrolling patients with advanced solid tumors.

About Pimivalimab

Pimivalimab (formerly JTX-4014) is a well-characterized fully human IgG4 monoclonal antibody designed to block binding to PD-L1 and PD-L2. Pimivalimab demonstrated a 17% durable overall response rate in a Phase 1 trial of 18 heavily pre-treated PD-(L)1 inhibitor naïve patients, which excluded all tumor types for which PD-(L)1 inhibitors were approved. In this Phase 1 trial, pimivalimab was shown to have an acceptable safety profile. Pimivalimab is currently being assessed in the INNATE Phase 1 trial (NCT04669899) in combination with JTX-8064, a LILRB2 (ILT4) inhibitor. Pimivalimab is also being assessed in the SELECT Phase 2 clinical trial (NCT04549025) in combination with vopratelimab, a clinical-stage monoclonal antibody that binds to and activates ICOS, the Inducible T cell CO-Stimulator, a protein on the surface of certain T cells commonly found in many solid tumors.

About Vopratelimab

Vopratelimab is a clinical-stage monoclonal antibody that binds to and activates ICOS, the Inducible T cell CO-Stimulator, a protein on the surface of certain T cells commonly found in many solid tumors. Vopratelimab is currently being assessed in the SELECT Phase 2 clinical trial (NCT04549025) in combination with Jounce’s internal investigational PD-1 inhibitor, pimivalimab (formerly JTX-4014), compared to pimivalimab alone. The SELECT trial is currently enrolling approximately 75 immunotherapy naïve NSCLC patients who have been pre-selected with the TISvopra predictive biomarker, an 18 gene RNA tumor inflammation signature which predicted the emergence of ICOS hi CD4 T cells and clinical benefit in the ICONIC trial of vopratelimab alone and in combination with a PD-1 inhibitor. SELECT is powered to demonstrate the statistical superiority of the combination of vopratelimab plus pimivalimab compared to pimivalimab.