On April 10, 2021 Kezar Life Sciences, Inc. (Nasdaq), a clinical-stage biotechnology company discovering and developing breakthrough treatments for immune-mediated and oncologic disorders, reported preclinical data on the company’s novel protein secretion program during two poster sessions at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) (Free AACR Whitepaper) 2021 Virtual Annual Meeting (Press release, Kezar Life Sciences, APR 10, 2021, View Source [SID1234577844]).

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"The growing body of evidence generated by our team supports the strong therapeutic potential of inhibiting Sec61 and the protein secretion pathway as a way to generate novel therapies to treat multiple tumor indications," said Christopher Kirk, PhD, Kezar’s President and Chief Scientific Officer. "These data provide a robust scientific framework for identifying which tumor types might be the most sensitive to inhibition of the Sec61 translocon and the protein secretion pathway."

Kezar examined the activity of KZR-261, a small molecule inhibitor of the Sec 61 translocon, and a closely related representative molecule in hundreds of tumor cell lines. The objective was to compare drug activity and identify sensitivity to gene mutations and impact on gene expression levels. No single gene predicted the activity of KZR-261, consistent with the known impact of KZR-261 on multiple targets. However, representative gene modules identified through mechanism agnostic analysis were associated with sensitivity in tumor cells and show high overlap with key processes involved in protein secretion. Analyses of primary tumor and tissue expression datasets predict that many tumor types will be more sensitive than normal tissues and cells. Data from these analyses will inform selection of tumor types for study in future clinical trials.

Global proteomic profiling of protein secretion in tumor cells and non-transformed cells was also conducted. KZR-261 and the related molecules reduce expression of Sec61 clients, namely secreted and transmembrane proteins. In tumor cells, these compounds reduced expression of approximately 10% of Sec61 clients by at least two-fold. However, in non-transformed cells, KZR-261 inhibited the expression of less than 5% of measured Sec61 clients, many of which can be measured from clinical samples in future clinical trials.

Pending successful completion of drug product manufacturing, submission of an Investigational New Drug (IND) application is anticipated in mid-2021. A first-in-human Phase 1 study to evaluate the safety and anti-tumor activity of KZR-261 in patients with solid tumors is expected to commence shortly thereafter.

Details on Kezar’s poster presentations at AACR (Free AACR Whitepaper) are as follows:

Title: Prioritizing tumor types for clinical study of novel Sec61 inhibitors by searching for expression profiles of sensitive cell lines in tumor sample databases
Presenter/s: Eric Lowe, R. Andrea Fan, Henry W. B. Johnson, Christopher J. Kirk, Dustin McMinn, Yu Qian, Brian Tuch
Session: Genomic Profiling of Tumors – Abstract #2226
Date and time: Available on demand [8:30AM ET, Saturday, April 10, 2021]

Title: Quantitative proteomic profiling of novel anti-cancer small molecule inhibitors of Sec61: Mechanistic investigation and biomarker discovery
Presenter/s: Yu Qian, Jennifer Whang, Janet Anderl, Andrea Fan, Henry W. B. Johnson, Christopher J. Kirk, Eric Lowe, Dustin McMinn, Beatriz Millare, Tony Muchamuel and Jinhai Wang; Kezar Life Sciences
Session: Proteomics and Biomarker Discovery – Abstract #2816
Date and time: Available on demand [8:30AM ET, Saturday, April 10, 2021]

The posters are available in the "Our Science" section of kezarlifesciences.com.

About KZR-261

KZR-261, a novel, first-in-class protein secretion inhibitor, is the first clinical candidate to be nominated from Kezar’s research and discovery efforts targeting protein secretion pathways. KZR-261 is a broad-spectrum anti-tumor agent that acts through direct interaction and inhibition of Sec61 activity. The compound was discovered by Kezar through a robust medicinal chemistry campaign in which several scaffolds were progressed through the company’s proprietary platform evaluating Sec61 modulation. As a result, Kezar has established a broad library of protein secretion inhibitors. KZR-261 has demonstrated several encouraging properties that lead to its potential to be an anti-cancer agent for the treatment of solid and hematologic malignancies. An IND submission in solid tumors is expected to be filed in mid-2021.

On April 10, 2021 SQZ Biotechnologies (NYSE: SQZ), a cell therapy company developing novel treatments for multiple therapeutic areas, reported preclinical data from its next generation SQZ APCs, enhanced APCs or eAPCs, and the potentially broader applicability of the platform at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) (Free AACR Whitepaper) 2021 Annual Meeting (Press release, SQZ Biotech, APR 10, 2021, View Source [SID1234577860]).

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"One of the advantages of the Cell Squeeze technology is the ability to simultaneously engineer multiple functions in cells, the underpinning of our SQZ eAPC program. With this next generation program, we are aiming to achieve the benefits of combination therapies that can drive powerful immune responses within a single multiplexed cell therapy," said Howard Bernstein, MD, PhD, chief scientific officer of SQZ. "Our vision is to incorporate additional functionality and new antigens to the foundation we are establishing with our lead SQZ APC program. The eAPC and KRAS data presented at AACR (Free AACR Whitepaper) provide preclinical examples of how we could potentially extend our impact across indications and help more patients."

SQZ eAPCs build on the power of the SQZ APC platform, which is focused on producing robust and specific CD8 T cell activation through efficient MHC-I antigen presentation. By delivering multiple mRNA into cells in a single squeeze, SQZ eAPCs are designed to further enhance T cell stimulation and boost immune-signaling that would otherwise require combinations with additional immune-oncology agents. In addition, the mRNA-based cargo facilitates presentation of a broader range of tumor epitopes, which could expand the addressable HPV+ patient population. The eAPC platform offers the opportunity for application across oncology and infectious diseases.

Highlights from the SQZ eAPC preclinical data shared at AACR (Free AACR Whitepaper) (Posters 1525 and 2626) include:

Enhancement of the quality and quantity of CD8 T cell activation by SQZ eAPCs through incorporation of CD86, membrane bound IL-2 (mbIL-2), and membrane bound IL-12 (mbIL-12), leveraging multiplexed delivery of mRNAs encoding each component
mbIL-2 and mbIL-12 mRNA delivery via Cell Squeeze led to surface expression of the cytokines in all measured human PBMC subsets (B cells, T cells, NK cells, and monocytes) and resulted in functional IL-2 and IL-12 signaling
CD86, mbIL-2, and mbIL-12 mRNA delivered alone or in combination increased antigen-specific CD8 T cell responses as much as ten-fold
Multiplexing CMVpp65 and influenza M1 mRNA antigens with signal 2/3 mRNAs enhanced the potency of SQZ APCs – inducing stronger antigen-specific CD8 T cell responses for infectious disease
Co-squeezing E6 and E7 mRNAs drove antigen-specific CD8 T cell activation regardless of HLA haplotype, which could significantly broaden the addressable HPV+ patient population and potentially eliminate the need for HLA screening
Cell Squeeze mRNA delivery stimulated memory CD8 T cells across various antigens and HLA haplotypes
SQZ is leveraging the cargo flexibility of its Cell Squeeze technology to pursue additional tumor targets. SQZ APCs have demonstrated the ability to elicit specific KRAS G12D and G12V CD8+ T cell responses in both animal models and in human cells.

Highlights from the SQZ-APC-KRAS preclinical data shared at AACR (Free AACR Whitepaper) (Poster 1524) include:

SQZ APCs engineered with KRas G12D and G12V peptides, both alone and multiplexed, generated specific and robust CD8 T cell responses against the target mutations
KRAS G12D and G12V make up over half of all KRAS mutations, with approximately 100,000 patients per year having KRAS G12D or G12V mutated cancers in the United States

On April 10, 2021 Nuvalent, Inc., a biotechnology company creating precisely targeted therapies for clinically proven kinase targets in cancer, reported preclinical data supporting advancement of its parallel lead programs in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including NUV-520 – a potential best-in-class ROS1-selective inhibitor – and NUV-655 – an ALK-selective inhibitor (Press release, Nuvalent, APR 10, 2021, View Source [SID1234577876]). Data are being presented at the 2021 American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) (Free AACR Whitepaper) Virtual Annual Meeting from April 10-15 in two separate poster presentations. Posters will be archived on the Nuvalent website at www.nuvalent.com.

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In addition, Nuvalent announces the appointment of leading medical oncologist Alexander Drilon, M.D., to its Scientific Advisory Board (SAB). Dr. Drilon currently serves as Chief of the Early Drug Development Service at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) and brings deep expertise in early-phase clinical trials for cancer. At MSK, his research focuses on the development of novel therapeutics for cancer patients who have developed drug-resistance mutations.

"Our parallel lead compounds NUV-520 and NUV-655 were designed to meet a precise set of patient needs identified through close partnership with leading physician-scientists and advisors. We are pleased to share the data leading to the selection of these drug candidates for advancement towards clinical studies based on their demonstrated preclinical ability to meet the identified needs of selectivity, brain penetrance, and activity against drug-resistance mutations in ROS1-and ALK-driven tumors," said James Porter, Ph.D., Chief Executive Officer at Nuvalent. "We are also excited to welcome Dr. Alexander Drilon to our Scientific Advisory Board as part of this ongoing partnership with leading physician-scientists to understand the limitations of existing cancer therapies, with the goal of developing precisely targeted therapies to treat cancer."

NUV-520 and NUV-655 are designed to specifically solve for the dual challenges of kinase resistance and selectivity commonly seen with other kinase inhibitors approved for the treatment of advanced NSCLC. NUV-520 selectively inhibits ROS1 compared to the structurally related tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) with the potential to minimize TRK-related central nervous system (CNS) adverse events seen with dual TRK/ROS1 inhibitors and drive more durable responses for patients with ROS1-mutant variants. NUV-655 is designed to inhibit ALK fusions and remain active in tumors that have developed resistance to first-, second­–, and third-generation ALK inhibitors.

In addition to selective ROS1 and ALK inhibition, Nuvalent is exploring a robust pipeline of programs with a focus on addressing the limitations of existing therapies for other clinically proven kinase targets in oncology.

"I am both encouraged by the treatment opportunities that targeted kinase inhibitors have enabled for patients and inspired to continue pursuing the development of additional therapy options that can overcome remaining clinical challenges," said Dr. Drilon. "Drug-resistant mutations and off-target adverse events can limit the therapeutic impact of kinase inhibitors across various targets in NSCLC as well as other tumor types. I look forward to working with Nuvalent to inform clinical development and advance its novel discovery pipeline of precisely targeted therapies designed specifically to meet these challenges."

AACR 2021 Presentation Overview:

Title: NUV-520 is a brain-penetrant and highly selective ROS1 inhibitor with antitumor activity against the G2032R solvent front mutation
Authors: Henry E. Pelish*, Anupong Tangpeerachaikul, Nancy E. Kohl, James R. Porter, Matthew D. Shair, Joshua C. Horan
Poster Number: 1465
Session Title: PO.ET06.07 Tyrosine Kinase and Phosphatase Inhibitors
Date: April 10, 2021, 8:30 a.m. – 11:59 p.m.

Summary:

NUV-520 is a potent, highly selective, and brain-penetrant ROS1 inhibitor as demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo studies.
NUV-520 has broad activity against ROS1 resistance mutations, including G2032R, and multiple ROS1 fusions.
NUV-520 is highly selective for ROS1 and ROS1 G2032R over TRKB, indicating the potential to minimize TRK-related CNS adverse events seen with dual TRK/ROS1 inhibitors and drive more durable responses for patients with ROS1 mutations.
Title: NUV-655 is a selective, brain-penetrant ALK inhibitor with antitumor activity against the lorlatinib-resistant G1202R/L1196M compound mutation
Authors: Henry E. Pelish*, Anupong Tangpeerachaikul, Nancy E. Kohl, James R. Porter, Matthew D. Shair, Joshua C. Horan
Poster Number: 1468
Session Title: PO.ET06.07 Tyrosine Kinase and Phosphatase Inhibitors
Date: April 10, 2021, 8:30 a.m. – 11:59 p.m.

Summary:

NUV-655 is a potent, selective, and brain-penetrant ALK inhibitor as demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo studies.
NUV-655 is active against G1202R+ mutations including compound mutations G1202R/L1196M, G1202R/G1269A, and G1202R/L1198F, which confer resistance to all approved ALK therapies.
NUV-655 is selective for ALK and ALK G1202R+ mutations over TRKB, indicating the potential to minimize TRK-related CNS adverse events and drive more durable responses for patients.

On April 9, 2021 Exscientia, a leading artificial intelligence (AI)-driven pharmatech company, reported the first AI-designed molecule for immuno-oncology to enter human clinical trials (Press release, Exscientia, APR 9, 2021, View Source [SID1234577758]). The A2a receptor antagonist, which is in development for adult patients with advanced solid tumours, was co-invented and developed through a Joint Venture between Exscientia and Evotec, including application of Exscientia’s next generation 3-D evolutionary AI-design platform as part of Centaur Chemist. The drug candidate has potential for best-in-class characteristics, with high selectivity for the target receptor, bringing together potential benefits of reduced systemic sides effects as well as minimal brain exposure to avoid undesired psychological side effects. Preclinical data related to this project will be presented at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) (Free AACR Whitepaper) annual meeting to be held 9-14 April, 2021.

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With this announcement, the company’s AI technologies and drug-hunting expertise are now responsible for the first two AI-designed drugs to enter Phase I testing, following on from Exscientia’s previous announcement in 2020.1

Andrew Hopkins, CEO of Exscientia said, "Immuno-oncology medicines are bringing benefit to a range of cancer patients. Our selective A2a receptor antagonist addresses a next-generation immuno-oncology strategy to empower the human immune system by reversing the effects of high adenosine concentrations. We set ambitious therapeutic objectives for this project, especially high selectivity for the A2a receptor and central nervous system (CNS) sparing properties, in order to reduce the likelihood of systemic side effects. Even with these challenging objectives, we were able to discover our candidate molecule within 8 months of project initiation."

Tumour cells produce high levels of adenosine, a molecule that helps them escape immune system detection by binding to the A2a receptor on cancer fighting T-cells, reducing T-cell ability to eliminate disease.2 Exscientia’s AI-designed A2a receptor antagonist is being investigated for its ability to prevent adenosine from binding to the T-cell receptor and potentially promote anti-tumour T-cell activity.

On April 9, 2021 Biogen Inc. (Nasdaq:BIIB) reported it will report first quarter 2021 financial results Thursday, April 22, 2021, before the financial markets open (Press release, Biogen, APR 9, 2021, View Source [SID1234577794]).

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Following the release of the financials, the Company will host a live webcast with Biogen management at 8:00 a.m. ET. To access the live webcast, please go to the investors section of Biogen’s website at View Source Following the live webcast, an archived version of the call will be available on the website.