On October 28, 2019 ORIC Pharmaceuticals, a privately held, clinical-stage oncology company focused on developing treatments that address mechanisms of therapeutic resistance, reported new preclinical data on its lead program ORIC-101 – a selective and potent glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist in Phase 1b – and its CD73 inhibitor program – an orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of a key node in the adenosine pathway – at the AACR (Free AACR Whitepaper)-NCI-EORTC International Conference on Molecular Targets & Cancer Therapeutics in Boston, Massachusetts (Press release, ORIC Pharmaceuticals, OCT 28, 2019, https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/oric-pharmaceuticals-presents-preclinical-data-on-glucocorticoid-receptor-antagonist-and-cd73-inhibitor-programs-at-aacr-nci-eortc-annual-conference-300945867.html [SID1234549937]).
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Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist Program
The ORIC-101 preclinical data were presented in abstract LB-A10, "ORIC-101 Overcomes Glucocorticoid-Driven Resistance to Enzalutamide in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer."
The glucocorticoid receptor has been identified as a potential antiandrogen bypass mechanism in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer; thus GR-targeted therapies may overcome this therapeutic resistance to restore or prolong antiandrogen sensitivity. The poster presentation showed that GR is widely expressed in prostate cancer cell lines, organoids, and tumor tissue, and that GR levels are upregulated upon enzalutamide treatment. The data demonstrated that glucocorticoids promote tumor cell growth, stimulate expression of androgen regulated genes, and drive resistance to enzalutamide. Importantly, these effects were completely reversed by ORIC-101, suggesting ORIC-101 overcomes GR-driven resistance to enzalutamide.
ORIC-101 is currently in a Phase 1b study in combination with nab-paclitaxel in patients with advanced solid tumors. ORIC also plans to initiate a second Phase 1b study of ORIC-101 in combination with enzalutamide in patients with metastatic prostate cancer in the fourth quarter of 2019.
CD73 Inhibitor Program
Preclinical data from ORIC’s second program were presented in abstract LB-A19, "Intratumoral Immunosuppression is Reversed by Blocking Adenosine Production with an Oral Inhibitor of CD73."
The poster presentation showed that CD73 can drive adenosine generation from adenosine monophosphate (AMP) in vitro, resulting in suppression of anti-CD3/CD28-induced T cell activation and proliferation. The findings indicated that a novel, orally bioavailable CD73 inhibitor was able to effectively inhibit AMP to adenosine conversion both in vitro and in vivo, while an anti-CD73 antibody had incomplete effects. Small molecule-based inhibition of CD73 also fully restored proliferation and cytokine production of AMP/adenosine-suppressed T cells. Based on these results, an orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of CD73 represents a potential therapeutic approach to reverse immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment.