On April 17, 2018 amcure, a biopharmaceutical company developing first-in-class cancer therapeutics, reported pre-clinical results of its lead drug candidate, AMC303 (Press release, amcure,APR 17, 2018, View Source [SID1234525445]). The data showed the strong anti-tumor and anti-metastatic effects in various epithelial tumor cells by binding of AMC303 to the extracellular domain of CD44v6. The research was presented at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) (Free AACR Whitepaper) Annual Meeting 2018 in a poster entitled ‘The allosteric inhibitor of CD44v6 AMC303 blocks c-MET, Ron and VEGFR-2 dependent signaling and cellular processes’.

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"The results presented in this study emphasize the importance of CD44v6 inhibition in cancer and the potential of this approach to improve the chances against this disease," said Klaus Dembowsky, MD, PhD, CEO of amcure. "Not only did we show strong anti-cancer effects for AMC303, but we gained new mechanistic insights into the role of AMC303 in inhibition of one of the key drivers of metastasis, Epithelial-Mesenchymal-Transition (EMT). We look forward to substantiating the strong preclinical data sets for AMC303 with results from our current and future clinical trials."

The CD44 family of transmembrane glycoproteins comprises several variants that are involved in many cellular processes. The isoform CD44v6 has been shown to play a major role in tumor growth and metastasis. In this study, the amcure research team has shown that blocking CD44v6, an essential coreceptor for the receptor tyrosine kinases VEGFR-2, c-MET and RON by AMC303, interferes with several key steps in tumor progression and metastasis including EMT, cell migration and invasion. This novel mode of action results in strong anti-tumor and anti-metastatic effects of AMC303.

About AMC303
amcure’s lead compound, AMC303, is being developed as a potential treatment for patients with advanced and metastatic epithelial tumors, e.g. pancreatic cancer, head and neck cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer and lung cancer. AMC303 has a high specificity for inhibiting CD44v6, a co-receptor required for signaling through multiple cellular pathways (c-Met, VEGFR-2, RON) involved in tumor growth, angiogenesis and the development and regression of metastases.

AMC303 has demonstrated strong effects in various in vitro and in vivo assays.

On April 17, 2018 Novocure (NASDAQ: NVCR) reported positive top-line results from its STELLAR phase 2 pilot trial in mesothelioma demonstrating clinically meaningful improvements in overall survival and progression free survival among patients who received Tumor Treating Fields plus standard of care chemotherapy, pemetrexed and cisplatin or carboplatin, compared to historical control data of patients who received standard of care chemotherapy alone (Press release, NovoCure, APR 17, 2018, View Source [SID1234525444]).

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The final data exceeded the results of the interim analysis presented in December 2016 at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) 17th World Conference on Lung Cancer for all efficacy endpoints. No device-related serious adverse events were reported. Novocure will submit the full data for presentation at an upcoming medical conference.

"We are extremely pleased with these top-line results, which bring us one step closer to realizing the potential for a new treatment for mesothelioma patients in desperate need," said Dr. Eilon Kirson, Novocure’s Chief Science Officer and Head of Research and Development. "Mesothelioma is the first torso indication for which Novocure will pursue FDA approval. The STELLAR data reinforce our belief that Tumor Treating Fields may be a broadly applicable platform technology for the treatment of solid tumors. We look forward to sharing the detailed results of the study with the lung cancer community at an upcoming medical conference."

Novocure previously received Humanitarian Use Device (HUD) designation for the use of Tumor Treating Fields for the treatment of pleural mesothelioma. Based upon the final STELLAR data, Novocure plans to submit a Humanitarian Device Exemption (HDE) application to the FDA for approval. An approved HDE would allow Novocure to market Tumor Treating Fields in combination with standard of care chemotherapy as a treatment for pleural mesothelioma in the United States.

Tumor Treating Fields in combination with standard of care chemotherapy is an investigational treatment for pleural mesothelioma and is not approved for this indication. These results are preliminary top-line data and are subject to further analysis.

About STELLAR

The STELLAR trial is a phase 2 pilot single-arm, open-label, multi-center trial designed to test the efficacy and safety of Tumor Treating Fields in combination with standard of care chemotherapy, pemetrexed combined with cisplatin or carboplatin, in 80 patients with unresectable, previously untreated malignant pleural mesothelioma. The historical control for this trial is the results of the 2003 pemetrexed phase 3 FDA registration trial.

An interim analysis of the first 42 patients enrolled in the trial with an average follow-up time of 11.5 months was presented at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer in December 2016. The one-year survival rate of patients treated with Tumor Treating Fields combined with pemetrexed and cisplatin or carboplatin was 80 percent (compared to 50 percent in pemetrexed and cisplatin-alone historical controls). Median progression free survival in the Tumor Treating Fields-treated group was 7.3 months (compared to 5.7 months in pemetrexed and cisplatin-alone historical controls) and one-year survival rate was 79.7 percent (compared to 50.3 percent in pemetrexed and cisplatin-alone historical controls). Median overall survival had not yet been reached. No device-related serious adverse events had been reported to date.

About Mesothelioma

Malignant mesothelioma is a rare thoracic solid tumor cancer that has been strongly linked to asbestos exposure. It has a long latency period of at least 20-30 years following exposure, and global incidence is still increasing in countries where asbestos is still in use. There are approximately 3,000 new cases of mesothelioma annually in the United States. The prognosis of mesothelioma patients is very poor, with a median overall survival of approximately 12 months in most reported studies.

On April 17, 2018 VBI Vaccines Inc. (Nasdaq: VBIV) ("VBI"), a commercial-stage biopharmaceutical company developing next-generation infectious disease and immuno-oncology vaccines, reported that, upon review of all safety data from the fully enrolled, low-dose patient cohort of the ongoing Phase 1/2a clinical study of VBI-1901 in recurrent Glioblastoma (GBM), the independent Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) unanimously recommended the continuation of the study without modification (Press release, VBI Vaccines, APR 17, 2018, View Source [SID1234525443]).

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Following this recommendation, VBI has initiated enrollment in the intermediate-dose arm of the dose-escalation phase of this study. Two additional, pre-specified DSMB reviews will occur after the completion of enrollment in the intermediate-dose study arm and the high-dose study arm, respectively.
"We are encouraged by the safety profile of this candidate so far and are excited to continue enrollment in the intermediate dose cohort of this Phase 1/2a study, our first clinical study in immuno-oncology," said Jeff Baxter, VBI’s president and CEO. "In recurrent GBM, a devastating CMV-associated tumor, patients have few effective treatment options, and we believe that VBI-1901 has the potential to stimulate immune responses critical to boosting anti-tumor immunity."

About the Phase 1/2a Study Design
VBI’s two-part Phase 1/2a study is a multi-center, open-label, dose-escalation study of VBI-1901 in approximately 28 patients with recurrent GBM:

Part A: Dose-escalation phase to define the safety, tolerability, and optimal dose level of VBI-1901 in recurrent GBM patients. This phase is expected to enroll up to 18 patients in three dose cohorts.

Part B: A subsequent extension of the optimal dose level, as defined in the dose escalation phase. This phase is expected to enroll an expanded cohort of approximately 10 additional patients.
VBI-1901 is administered intradermally and is adjuvanted with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a potent adjuvant that mobilizes dendritic cell function. Patients in both phases of the study will receive vaccine every four weeks until tumor progression.
Additional information, including a detailed description of the study design, eligibility criteria, and investigator sites, is available at ClinicalTrials.gov using identifier NCT03382977.
About VBI-1901 and GBM
VBI-1901 is a novel immunotherapy developed using VBI’s eVLP technology to target two highly immunogenic cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigens, gB and pp65. Scientific literature suggests CMV infection is prevalent in multiple solid tumors, and recent research has demonstrated that an anti-CMV dendritic cell vaccination regimen may extend overall survival in patients with GBM. Additionally, recent preclinical studies confirmed that VBI-1901 may be a potent, "off-the-shelf" therapeutic vaccine.
Glioblastoma is among the most common and aggressive malignant primary brain tumors in humans. In the U.S. alone, 12,000 new cases are diagnosed each year. The current standard of care for treating GBM is surgical resection, followed by radiation and chemotherapy. Even with aggressive treatment, GBM progresses rapidly and is exceptionally lethal, with median patient survival of less than 16 months.

On April 17, 2018 Spectrum Pharmaceuticals (NasdaqGS: SPPI), a biotechnology Company with fully integrated commercial and drug development operations with a primary focus in Hematology and Oncology, reported a poster presentation of data from preclinical and clinical studies evaluating poziotinib in HER2 exon 20 mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and summarizing a dataset of the prevalence of HER2 exon 20 across solid tumors by scientists from the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) (Free AACR Whitepaper) which is taking place in Chicago, Illinois, April 14-18, 2018 (Press release, Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, APR 17, 2018, View Source [SID1234525442]).

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"We are excited to see the first presentation of data for poziotinib in HER2 exon 20 mutations in NSCLC," said Joe Turgeon, President and Chief Executive Officer of Spectrum Pharmaceuticals. "These data build upon previous results from poziotinib studies and indicate that this drug could be effective in treating both EGFR and HER2 exon 20 mutations. Furthermore, new data from MD Anderson reveal that these mutations are found across a variety of solid tumors and there is strong rationale for evaluating poziotinib in a basket study."
"The pre-clinical and early clinical activity of poziotinib in EGFR and HER2 exon 20 mutant NSCLC suggests poziotinib could be a promising agent for the numerous cancer types driven by HER2 exon 20 mutations," said Jacqulyne Robichaux, Ph.D, Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. "We have previously shown that poziotinib is an effective inhibitor of EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations in vitro and in vivo. These data show that poziotinib overcomes de novo resistance of HER2 exon 20 mutations in NSCLC and other cancers. Further evaluation of poziotinib in solid tumors is warranted."

About Poziotinib
Poziotinib is a novel, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (EGFR TKI) that inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of EGFR as well as HER2 and HER4. Importantly this, in turn, leads to the inhibition of the proliferation of tumor cells that overexpress these receptors. Mutations or overexpression/amplification of EGFR family receptors have been associated with a number of different cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer, and gastric cancer. Spectrum received exclusive license to develop, manufacture, and commercialize worldwide excluding Korea and China from Hanmi Pharmaceuticals. Poziotinib is currently being investigated by Spectrum and Hanmi in several mid-stage trials in multiple solid tumor indications.

On April 17, 2018 Euronext Paris: FR0010331421 – IPH) reported preliminary data from an ongoing Phase I/II trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of the combination of monalizumab, a first-in-class monoclonal antibody targeting NK checkpoint receptor NKG2A, with cetuximab (anti-EGFR) in previously treated patients with recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head & neck (R/M SCCHN) (Press release, Innate Pharma, APR 17, 2018, View Source [SID1234525441]). These data are highlighted in a poster presentation at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) (Free AACR Whitepaper) Annual Meeting, April 14-18, in Chicago.

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Roger B. Cohen, Prof. of Medicine at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Associate Director of Clinical Research, Abramson Cancer Center Philadelphia and the lead investigator of the study, commented: "The data so far show that this therapy is active in patients with advanced head and neck cancer. The activity of cetuximab in patients previously treated with platinum salts is limited, with a response rate of around 13%. The addition of monalizumab appears to increase the response rate without potentiating the side effects of cetuximab. Since monalizumab targets a checkpoint that is different from other currently targeted immune checkpoints, it’s an interesting option as a combination partner for a variety of novel immunotherapeutic approaches".

Pierre Dodion, Chief Medical Officer of Innate Pharma, added: "While PD-1/L1 therapy is quickly changing the treatment paradigm of SCCHN, there remains a high unmet medical need for the majority of patients who don’t benefit from checkpoint inhibitor therapy. These preliminary data support further investigation of this novel combination in third line recurrent and metastatic SCCHN. We look forward to sharing updated data from the ongoing trial at medical conferences during 2018."

The highest dose tested for monalizumab in the dose-escalation portion of the study (10 mg/kg every 2 weeks) was given in combination with the approved dose and schedule of cetuximab (400 mg/m² load, then 250 mg/m² weekly) in the Phase II cohort expansion. Patients could be either HPV (-) or HPV (+) and had progressed after platinum-based therapy with a maximum of 2 prior systemic treatment regimens for R/M disease. Prior cetuximab treatment (when used for the definitive treatment of locally advanced disease in combination with radiation) and prior immuno-oncology (IO) therapy were allowed.

Among the 31 patients enrolled in the expansion part, the combination was well tolerated, consistent with previously presented data at AACR (Free AACR Whitepaper) 2017, with no additional safety concerns compared to monalizumab or cetuximab given alone. The majority of adverse events (AE) were of Grade 1-2 severity, rapidly reversible and easily manageable. No infusion-related reactions or treatment-related deaths occurred. The most frequent AEs (skin disorders) described with cetuximab were not potentiated by the combination with monalizumab.
Among the patients enrolled, as per study design, all had been previously treated with platin-containing regimens. In addition, 14 patients had been previously treated with PD-1 antibodies and 3 with prior cetuximab.
Twenty-six patients were evaluable for efficacy; the other 5 patients are too early on study to have had a post-baseline assessment. At the cut-off date of March 9, 2018, there were 8 confirmed RECIST partial responses (31%) with median time to follow-up of 129 days, achieving the predefined number of 8 responses needed to declare the trial positive. 14 patients (54%) had stable disease. Median duration of response has not yet been reached; six responders are still on treatment. The trial has now enrolled all planned patients (n=40). Further follow-up is needed to evaluate the duration of response, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).