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Orca Bio to Present New Clinical Data on Orca-T at the 63rd American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting

On November 4, 2021 Orca Bio, a clinical-stage biotechnology company developing purified, high-precision cell therapies for cancer, autoimmune and genetic blood disorders, reported that new data will be presented from a single-center Phase 2 trial and a multi-center Phase 1b trial at the American Society of Hematology (ASH) (Free ASH Whitepaper) Annual Meeting. Specifically, pooled data from patients treated with Orca-T, an investigational high-precision cell therapy product being studied in patients with hematologic malignancies, will be shared in an oral presentation (Press release, Orca Bio, NOV 4, 2021, View Source [SID1234594536]). Additionally, results of Orca-T in a subset of patients with myelofibrosis from those same trials will be shared in a poster presentation.

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"Our clinical experience with Orca-T has grown significantly over the past year and we are pleased to present data on an expanded group of patients who now have one year of follow-up with Orca-T," said Ivan Dimov, Ph.D., cofounder and chief executive officer of Orca Bio. "We look forward to presenting these important findings at ASH (Free ASH Whitepaper) as we continue to work to deliver on our promise of maximizing patient survival while minimizing the compromise of toxicities to enable better outcomes."

The ASH (Free ASH Whitepaper) abstracts are now available at www.hematology.org.

Details of the Orca Bio presentations follow:

Oral Presentation:

Orca-T Results in High GVHD-Free and Relapse-Free Survival Following Myeloablative Conditioning for Hematological Malignancies: Results of a Single Center Phase 2 and a Multicenter Phase 1b Study
Abstract Number: 98
Session: 722. Allogeneic Transplantation: Acute and Chronic GVHD, Immune Reconstitution: Prevention of graft vs. host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation
Presentation Date: Saturday, December 11, 2021, at 9:45 AM EST
Location: Georgia World Congress Center, B302-B303

Poster Presentation:

Outcomes for Myelofibrosis Patients Following Myeloablative Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Using the Orca-T Graft from HLA-Matched Related and Unrelated Donors
Abstract Number: 1819
Session: 722. Allogeneic Transplantation: Acute and Chronic GVHD, Immune Reconstitution: Poster I
Presentation Date: Saturday, December 11, 2021, at 5:30 PM – 7:30 PM EST
Location: Georgia World Congress Center, Hall B5

About Orca-T
Orca-T is an investigational high-precision allogeneic cellular therapy consisting of infusions containing regulatory T-cells, conventional T-cells and CD34+ stem cells derived from peripheral blood from either related or unrelated matched donors. Orca-T has received Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapy (RMAT) designation from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and is being studied to treat multiple hematologic malignancies.

ADC Therapeutics Announces Abstracts to be Presented at the 63rd ASH Annual Meeting

On November 4, 2021 ADC Therapeutics SA (NYSE: ADCT), a commercial-stage biotechnology company improving the lives of those affected by cancer with its next-generation, targeted antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) for patients with hematologic malignancies and solid tumors, reported abstracts for ZYNLONTA and ADCT-602 have been accepted for presentations at the 63rd American Society of Hematology (ASH) (Free ASH Whitepaper) Annual Meeting, which will be held virtually and in Atlanta, Georgia from December 11-14, 2021 (Press release, ADC Therapeutics, NOV 4, 2021, View Source [SID1234594535]).

"We look forward to sharing data on our targeted ADCs as single agents and in innovative combinations at the 2021 ASH (Free ASH Whitepaper) Annual Meeting," said Joseph Camardo, MD, Chief Medical Officer of ADC Therapeutics. "This will include presentations from investigators on subset data from our pivotal Phase 2 study and data on the use of ZYNLONTA post-CAR-T. We are also encouraged by the anti-tumor activity and manageable safety profile of ZYNLONTA in combination with ibrutinib. The Phase 2 protocol has recently been amended with a higher and more frequent dose of ZYNLONTA to potentially enhance the response and to investigate this combination in earlier lines of therapy."

Details of ADC Therapeutics’ oral presentation are as follows:

Planned Interim Analysis of a Phase 2 Study of Loncastuximab Tesirine Plus Ibrutinib in Patients with Advanced Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (LOTIS-3)
Abstract: 54
Date and Time: Saturday, December 11, 2021, 10:45 a.m. EST
Session: 627. Aggressive Lymphomas: Clinical and Epidemiological: Population data for Aggressive NHL Management
Presenter: Carmelo Carlo-Stella, MD, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, and Department of Oncology and Hematology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy

Details of ADC Therapeutics’ poster presentations are as follows*:

Clinical Characteristics and Responses of Patients with Relapsed or Refractory High-Grade B-cell Lymphoma Treated with Loncastuximab Tesirine in the LOTIS-2 Clinical Trial
Abstract: 3575
Date: Monday, December 13, 2021
Session: 626. Aggressive Lymphomas: Prospective Therapeutic Trials: Poster III
Presenter: Juan Pablo Alderuccio, MD, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA

Combination of Loncastuximab Tesirine and Polatuzumab Vedotin Shows Increased Anti-Tumor Activity in Pre-Clinical Models of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Abstract: 2273
Date: Sunday, December 12, 2021
Session: 605. Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Resistance: Lymphoid Neoplasms: Poster II
Presenter: Francesca Zammarchi, PhD, ADC Therapeutics

CD19-mediated DNA Damage Boost in Lymphoma Cells Treated with Loncastuximab Tesirine in Combination with PARP inhibitors
Abstract: 1342
Date: Saturday, December 11, 2021
Session: 622. Lymphomas: Translational—Non-Genetic: Poster I
Presenter: Stefania Fusani, PhD, Oncohematology Division, IEO Istituto Europeo di Oncologia IRCCS, Milano, Italy

Details of an independently developed ZYNLONTA poster are as follows:

The Anti-CD19 Antibody-Drug Conjugate Loncastuximab Tesirine Achieved Responses in Patients with Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Who Relapsed After Anti-CD19 CAR T-Cell Therapy
Abstract: 2489
Date: Sunday, December 12, 2021
Session: 626. Aggressive Lymphomas: Prospective Therapeutic Trials: Poster II
Presenter: Paolo F. Caimi, MD, Cleveland Clinic/Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA

Details of an independently developed ADCT-602 poster are as follows:

A Phase 1 Trial of ADCT-602, a CD22 Targeting Antibody Drug Conjugate Bound to PBD Toxin in Adult Patients with Relapsed or Refractory CD22+ B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Abstract: 1237
Date: Saturday, December 11, 2021
Session: 614. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemias: Therapies, Excluding Transplantation and Cellular Immunotherapies: Poster I
Presenter: Nitin Jain, MD, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

*Posters will be available in the poster exhibit hall in the Georgia World Congress Center on these dates: December 11: 9:00 a.m.–7:30 p.m. EST; December 12 & 13: 9:00 a.m.–8:00 p.m. EST. Presenters planning to attend in-person are expected to present during the final two hours of the noted viewing time.

The abstracts are available through the ASH (Free ASH Whitepaper) online meeting program and will be published in the November supplemental issue of Blood.

About ZYNLONTA (loncastuximab tesirine-lpyl)

ZYNLONTA is a CD19-directed antibody drug conjugate (ADC). Once bound to a CD19-expressing cell, ZYNLONTA is internalized by the cell, where enzymes release a pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) payload. The potent payload binds to DNA minor groove with little distortion, remaining less visible to DNA repair mechanisms. This ultimately results in cell cycle arrest and tumor cell death.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved ZYNLONTA (loncastuximab tesirine-lpyl) for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory (r/r) large B-cell lymphoma after two or more lines of systemic therapy, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) not otherwise specified (NOS), DLBCL arising from low-grade lymphoma and also high-grade B-cell lymphoma. The trial included a broad spectrum of heavily pre-treated patients (median three prior lines of therapy) with difficult-to-treat disease, including patients who did not respond to first-line therapy, patients refractory to all prior lines of therapy, patients with double/triple hit genetics and patients who had stem cell transplant and CAR-T therapy prior to their treatment with ZYNLONTA. This indication is approved by the FDA under accelerated approval based on overall response rate and continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in a confirmatory trial.

ZYNLONTA is also being evaluated as a therapeutic option in combination studies in other B-cell malignancies and earlier lines of therapy.

Gilead and Kite Oncology Demonstrate Broad Leadership in Cell Therapy and Expanding Blood Cancer Pipeline

On November 4, 2021 Gilead Sciences, Inc. (Nasdaq: GILD) and Kite, a Gilead Company, reported that data at the 63rd American Society of Hematology (ASH) (Free ASH Whitepaper) Annual Meeting & Exposition (December 11-14) will showcase continued leadership across both approved and investigational CAR T-cell therapies and medicines (Press release, Gilead Sciences, NOV 4, 2021, View Source [SID1234594534]). Gilead and Kite will present more than 20 abstracts, including a plenary presentation and six oral presentations, across several hematological malignancies including large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).

"This ASH (Free ASH Whitepaper) meeting illustrates the growing maturity of data regarding the potential of our CAR T-cell therapies to be used earlier in treatment along with long-term follow-up data," said Frank Neumann, MD, PhD, Kite’s Global Head of Clinical Development. "As we continue to build on the established strengths of Kite’s CAR T franchise, our goal is to provide differentiated treatment options to patients that have the potential to change standard of care and deliver the hope of survival to more people with blood cancers."

In cell therapy, Kite will present the first efficacy and safety results from the landmark ZUMA-7 study in LBCL as part of ASH (Free ASH Whitepaper)’s plenary sessions. Additional research from Kite, focused on long-term follow-up data and quality of life improvements for people with certain blood cancers treated with the company’s CAR T-cell therapies, will also be presented.

"The Gilead and Kite data presentations at ASH (Free ASH Whitepaper) reinforce our diverse oncology pipeline focused on helping bring more life to people with cancer, especially in areas where few options exist," said Merdad Parsey, MD, PhD, Chief Medical Officer, Gilead Sciences. "We see broad potential across our oncology portfolio as we advance transformative science for people with hard-to-treat blood cancers."

Researchers will also share early-stage research on magrolimab, an investigational CD47 inhibitor, both in an oral session and in an ASH (Free ASH Whitepaper)-EHA Joint Symposium. During the symposium, Targeting Macrophages and the Innate Immune System to Treat Hematologic Malignancies, potential new approaches to cancer therapies will be showcased. Early data suggest these approaches, including activating the innate immune system, could become foundational to the next generation of oncology treatment.

Dates and times for accepted abstracts and presentations of note are as follows:

Abstract Details

Titles

Plenary Session

Large B-cell Lymphoma

Abstract #2

Sunday, Dec 12

(2:00 pm ET / 11:00 am PT)

Primary Analysis of ZUMA-7: A Phase 3 Randomized Trial of Axicabtagene Ciloleucel Versus Standard-of-Care Therapy in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Oral Presentations

Large B-cell Lymphoma

Abstract #430

Sunday, Dec 12

(10:15 am ET / 7:15 am PT)

Patient-Reported Outcomes in a Phase 3, Randomized, Open-Label Study Evaluating the Efficacy of Axicabtagene Ciloleucel Versus Standard-of-Care Therapy in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphoma (ZUMA-7)

Large B-cell Lymphoma

Abstract #530

Sunday, Dec 12

(4:45 pm ET / 1:45pm PT)

Real-World Outcomes of Axicabtagene Ciloleucel for the Treatment of Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Impact of Age and Specific Organ Dysfunction

Large B-cell Lymphoma

Abstract #739

Monday, Dec 13

(2:45 pm ET / 11:45 am PT)

Primary Analysis of ZUMA-12: A Phase 2 Study of Axicabtagene Ciloleucel as First-Line Therapy in Patients with High-Risk Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Large B-cell Lymphoma

Abstract #901

Monday, Dec 13

(6:15 pm ET / 3:15 pm PT)

TNFR2 as a Target to Improve CD19-Directed CAR T-Cell Fitness and Antitumor Activity in Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Abstract #93

Saturday, Dec 11

(10:00 am ET / 7:00 am PT)

Long-Term Follow-Up Analysis of ZUMA-5: A Phase 2 Study of Axicabtagene Ciloleucel in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Investigator-Sponsored Research (ISR) Oral Presentation

Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Abstract #371

Sunday, Dec 12

(9:30 am ET / 6:30 am PT)

Phase I/II Study of Azacitidine with Venetoclax and Magrolimab in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Older/Unfit or High-Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and Relapsed/Refractory AML

Poster Presentations

Large B-cell Lymphoma
Abstract #1764

Saturday, Dec 11

(5:30 pm ET / 2:30 pm PT)

Long-Term (4- and 5-Year) Overall Survival in ZUMA-1, the Pivotal Study of Axicabtagene Ciloleucel (Axi-Cel) in Patients with Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphoma (LBCL)

Large B-cell Lymphoma
Abstract #1424

Saturday, Dec 11

(5:30 pm ET / 2:30 pm PT)

Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy Treatment Patterns: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis of Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Patients in the US

Follicular Lymphoma
Abstract #1350
Saturday, Dec 11
(5:30 pm ET / 2:30 pm PT)

Safety and Effectiveness of Idelalisib in Patients with Double Refractory Follicular Lymphoma: A Pan European Cohort of 242 Patients

Large B-cell Lymphoma Abstract #2832

Sunday, Dec 12

(6:00 pm ET / 3:00 pm PT)

Prophylactic Corticosteroid Use with Axicabtagene Ciloleucel in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphoma: One-Year Follow-Up of ZUMA-1 Cohort 6

Large B-cell Lymphoma
Abstract #151459

Sunday, Dec 12

(6:00 pm ET / 3:00 pm PT)

Profiling the Peripheral Blood Immune Cell Repertoire in Large B-Cell Lymphoma Patients Treated with CD19 CAR-T

Large B-cell Lymphoma

Abstract #2814

Sunday, Dec 12

(6:00 pm ET / 3:00 pm PT)

A Phase II Trial of Anakinra for the Prevention of CAR T-Cell Mediated Neurotoxicity

Large B-cell Lymphoma Abstract #2833

Sunday, Dec 12

(6:00 pm ET / 3:00 pm PT)

Prediction of Early Onset Cytokine Release Syndrome and Neurologic Events After Axicabtagene Ciloleucel in Large B-Cell Lymphoma Based on Machine Learning Algorithms

Follicular Lymphoma
Abstract #3543

Monday, Dec 13

(6:00 pm ET / 3:00 pm PT)

A Comparison of Clinical Outcomes from Updated ZUMA-5 (Axicabtagene Ciloleucel) and the International SCHOLAR-5 External Control Cohort in Relapsed/Refractory Follicular Lymphoma

Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Abstract #3844

Monday, Dec 13

(6:00 pm ET / 3:00 pm PT)

The Comparison of KTE-X19 to Current Standards of Care: A Pre-Specified Synthetic Control Study Utilizing Individual Patient Level Data from Historic Clinical Trials (SCHOLAR-3)

Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Abstract #3849

Monday, Dec 13

(6:00 pm ET / 3:00 pm PT)

Effects of Prior Exposure to Tec Kinase Inhibitors on KTE-X19 Products

Trials-In-Progress (TiP)

Multiple Myeloma

Abstract #2757

Sunday, Dec 12

(6:00 pm ET / 3:00 pm PT)

A Phase 2 Multi-Arm Study of Magrolimab Combinations in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Abstract #3424

Monday, Dec 13

(6:00 pm ET / 3:00 pm PT)

A Phase 2, Open-Label, Multiarm, Multicenter Study to Evaluate Magrolimab Combined with Antileukemia Therapies for First-Line, Relapsed/Refractory, or Maintenance Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Abstract# 3426

Monday Dec 13

(6:00 pm ET / 3:00 pm PT)

A Phase 3, Randomized, Open-Label Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Magrolimab in Combination with Azacitidine in Previously Untreated Patients with TP53-Mutant Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Abstract #7055

Monday, Dec 13

(6:00 pm ET / 3:00 pm PT)

Magrolimab + Azacitidine versus Azacitidine + Placebo in Untreated Higher-Risk (HR) Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS): The Phase 3 Randomized, ENHANCE Study

For more information, including a complete list of abstract titles at the meeting, please visit: View Source

Schrödinger to Present New Preclinical Data From Its MALT1 Inhibitor Program at ASH 2021 Annual Meeting

On November 4, 2021 Schrödinger, Inc. (Nasdaq: SDGR), whose physics-based software platform is transforming the way therapeutics and materials are discovered, reported that new preclinical data on its small-molecule MALT1 inhibitors will be presented during a poster session at the American Society of Hematology (ASH) (Free ASH Whitepaper) 63rd Annual Meeting taking place virtually and in Atlanta, Georgia, December 11-14, 2021 (Press release, Schrodinger, NOV 4, 2021, View Source [SID1234594533]).

Inhibiting MALT1 (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1) is considered a potentially promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of certain subtypes of non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas and for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Schrödinger has identified a number of small-molecule MALT1 inhibitors, the most advanced of which is expected to enter the clinic next year.

Details of the poster presentation are as follows:

Title: Characterization of Potent Paracaspase MALT1 Inhibitors for Hematological Malignancies
Abstract number: 1187
Date & time: Saturday, December 11, 5:30 p.m. – 7:30 p.m. EST
Location: Georgia World Congress Center, Hall B5

Forma Therapeutics Announces Four Presentations on Etavopivat and Olutasidenib at Upcoming 2021 ASH Annual Meeting

On November 4, 2021 Forma Therapeutics Holdings, Inc. (Nasdaq: FMTX), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on sickle cell disease, prostate cancer and other rare hematologic diseases and cancers, reported that four abstracts have been accepted for presentation – including three oral presentations and one poster presentation – at the 63rd American Society of Hematology (ASH) (Free ASH Whitepaper) Annual Meeting taking place Dec. 11-14, 2021 (Press release, Forma Therapeutics, NOV 4, 2021, View Source [SID1234594532]).

Two oral presentations will feature clinical data on a Phase 1 trial of etavopivat, the company’s oral, once-daily, selective pyruvate kinase-R (PKR) activator for the treatment of sickle cell disease (SCD). One abstract evaluates the ability of etavopivat to improve anemia and decrease intravascular hemolysis. A second abstract shows the effects of etavopivat on improving red blood cell health and lifespan, as well as reduction in systemic markers of inflammation and hypercoagulability. A third abstract highlights clinical data from the Phase 2 trial of olutasidenib, the company’s selective inhibitor for cancers with mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1m) being evaluated in patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML).

"We’re pleased that these abstracts were selected for oral and poster presentation at the ASH (Free ASH Whitepaper) annual meeting," said Patrick Kelly, M.D., chief medical officer of Forma Therapeutics. "We look forward to sharing updated data at the meeting on the profile of etavopivat in sickle cell patients to not only increase hemoglobin but also to improve markers of hemolysis, as well as red blood cell health and red blood cell lifespan. In addition, the new olutasidenib results indicate potential for use as a single agent and in combination therapy with azacytidine to provide benefit in patients with relapsed/refractory AML."

The abstracts are currently available on the ASH (Free ASH Whitepaper) website: View Source

Oral Presentations:
Title: FT-4202, Activation of Pyruvate Kinase-R with Etavopivat (FT-4202) Is Well Tolerated, Improves Anemia, and Decreases Intravascular Hemolysis in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease Treated for up to 12 Weeks
Date/Time: Saturday, Dec. 11, at 9:45 AM ET
Session: 114
Abstract: 147091
Presenter: R. Clark Brown, MD, PhD

Title: FT-4202, Etavopivat, an Allosteric Activator of Pyruvate Kinase-R, Improves Sickle RBC Functional Health and Survival and Reduces Systemic Markers of Inflammation and Hypercoagulability in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Analysis of Exploratory Studies in a Phase 1 Study
Date/Time: Saturday, Dec. 11, at 10:00 AM ET
Session: 114
Abstract: 147078
Presenter: Theodosia A. Kalfa, MD, PhD

Title: FT-2102, Olutasidenib (FT-2102) in Combination with Azacitidine Induces Durable Complete Remissions in Patients with mIDH1 Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Date/Time: Monday, Dec. 13, at 3:00 PM ET
Session: 616
Abstract: 144905
Presenter: Jorge E. Cortes, MD

Poster Presentation:
Title: FT-2102, Molecular Characteristics of Response to Olutasidenib (FT-2102) in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory mIDH1 Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Date/Time: Sunday, December 12th at 6:00-8:00 PM ET
Session: 616
Abstract: 144912
Presenter: Stéphane de Botton, MD, PhD

About Etavopivat
Etavopivat is an investigational, once-daily, selective red blood cell (RBC) pyruvate kinase-R (PKR) activator designed to be a disease-modifying therapy for the treatment of sickle cell disease (SCD). Employing a multimodal approach, etavopivat is designed to work by activating the RBCs’ natural PKR activity to decrease 2,3-DPG levels, which leads hemoglobin to hold on to oxygen molecules longer to reduce polymerization and RBC sickling. Etavopivat-mediated PKR activation also increases ATP levels, the fuel that provides energy to cells, to improve RBC health and survival. Together, these effects are anticipated to increase hemoglobin levels and decrease painful vaso-occlusive crises. In preclinical safety studies, etavopivat did not inhibit aromatase activity or affect steroidogenesis, important biological processes responsible for sexual development. Etavopivat has been granted Fast Track, Rare Pediatric Disease and Orphan Drug designations from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and Orphan Drug Designation from the European Commission based on a positive opinion from the Committee for Orphan Medicinal Products of the European Medicines Agency for the treatment of patients with SCD.

About Olutasidenib
Olutasidenib is an oral, potent, small-molecule investigational agent designed to selectively bind to and inhibit mutated IDH1 enzymes. This targeted treatment has the potential to provide therapeutic benefit by reducing 2-HG levels and restoring normal cellular differentiation. With the conclusion of the Phase 2 R/R AML trial, Forma has begun preparing a new drug application (NDA) for submission to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

IDH1 is a natural enzyme that is part of the normal metabolism of all cells; when mutated, its activity can promote blood malignancies and solid tumors. IDH1 mutations are present in 6-8% of patients with AML and as many as 70 to 80% of patients with grade II/III gliomas and secondary glioblastoma. In gliomas, IDH1 mutations occur early in the tumor pathogenesis and persist throughout progression from a neural stem or progenitor cell. Gliomas are the most common, aggressive and difficult-to-treat primary brain tumors, and high-grade gliomas are associated with poor long-term prognosis. Treatment options for relapsed glioma are limited.