On March 16, 2026 Natera, Inc. (NASDAQ: NTRA), a global leader in cell-free DNA and precision medicine, reported two peer-reviewed publications highlighting the clinical utility of Signatera, its personalized, tumor-informed circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) assay, in anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) and locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).A recently published study evaluated 84 patients with ASCC to assess whether serial Signatera testing may offer a dynamic, treatment-responsive biomarker to further stratify recurrence risk and inform surveillance and treatment. Key findings include:

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Signatera-status was strongly correlated with clinical outcomes. Patients who were Signatera-negative at baseline or cleared ctDNA during chemoradiotherapy (CRT) had favorable outcomes, including 100% one-year overall survival and progression-free survival, and 0% one-year local regional failure. Patients who remained ctDNA-positive after CRT had poorer outcomes (63% OS, 44% PFS, 39% locoregional failure at one year).
In 100% of recurrent cases, Signatera-positivity preceded clinical and/or radiographic recurrence highlighting ctDNA’s potential as an early indicator of relapse.
LARC: publication in Cancers

Another recent study evaluated 220 patients with LARC treated with neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) followed by non-operative management (NOM) (n=72) or surgery (n=148). The study examined how Signatera status after NAT may inform patient selection for organ-preserving NOM versus surgery and guide intensified surveillance strategies. Key findings include:

Signatera identified post-NAT patients at high risk of relapse requiring surgical intervention. Signatera-positive NOM patients were at 4.6x higher risk of regrowth requiring surgery (HR 4.62; p=0.003), even among those with a complete or near-complete clinical response.
Post-operative Signatera negativity was associated with excellent clinical outcomes. Signatera-negative patients (HR:15, p=0.001) experienced a relapse rate of 11.5% compared to 88.0% among Signatera-positive patients (p<0.0001).
"Together, these publications address key questions about monitoring treatment response and recurrence risk in anal and rectal cancers," said Alexey Aleshin, M.D., MBA, corporate chief medical officer and general manager of oncology at Natera. "By providing earlier insight into molecular residual disease, Signatera can support more individualized surveillance and treatment decisions."

(Press release, Natera, MAR 16, 2026, View Source [SID1234663583])