On October 16, 2026 Nanjing Leads Biolabs Co., Ltd. ("Leads Biolabs" or the "Company," Stock Code: 9887.HK) reported that the first patient has been dosed in an open-label, multicenter Phase Ib/II clinical trial evaluating opamtistomig (LBL-024), a PD-L1/4-1BB bispecific antibody, in combination therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). This milestone marks a further expansion of the Company’s strategy to address immunologically cold tumors, building on the clinical development of opamtistomig in extrapulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma (EP-NEC), biliary tract cancer (BTC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (PROC).
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In mCRC, patients with microsatellite stable (MSS) and proficient mismatch repair (pMMR) status account for approximately 95% of cases. Due to insufficient T-cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment, this patient population responds poorly to conventional immune checkpoint inhibitors, and standard treatment remains centered on chemotherapy combined with targeted therapy, leaving a significant need for new treatment strategies. Opamtistomig conditionally activates 4-1BB, reactivating and substantially expanding T cells while relieving PD-1/PD-L1 immunosuppression. This dual mechanism is expected to help address the immunotherapy gap for this patient population and has the potential to deliver durable, long-tail survival benefit.
The Phase Ib/II clinical trial is led by Academician Xu Ruihua of Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center and will be conducted concurrently across multiple hospitals nationwide, with the aim of evaluating the efficacy and safety of opamtistomig in combination therapy in patients with mCRC. A translational medicine study of opamtistomig in MSS colorectal cancer has been selected for poster presentation at the 2026 European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) (Free ESMO Whitepaper) Congress. Opamtistomig has also shown a trend of markedly prolonged survival benefits compared with historical data across several representative immunologically cold tumor types, including EP-NEC, BTC, HCC, and PROC, supporting further development of opamtistomig in mCRC.
Executive Commentary
Dr. Charles Cai, Chief Medical Officer of Leads Biolabs, stated: "Colorectal cancer, particularly MSS/pMMR disease, remains a major challenge for immunotherapy. Opamtistomig combines PD-L1 blockade with conditional 4-1BB activation, a differentiated approach designed to enhance antitumor immunity in immunologically cold tumors. We are encouraged by our translational research in MSS colorectal cancer and the clinical findings emerging across multiple cold tumor types. The enrollment of the first patient in this trial represents an important step in extending our strategy to mCRC. We look forward to further evaluating opamtistomig’s potential to address the unmet medical needs of these patients."
About Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer is among the most common gastrointestinal malignancies worldwide. According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), there were approximately 1.93 million new cases and 904,000 deaths globally in 2022, making CRC the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Data from the National Cancer Center of China show approximately 517,000 new cases and 240,000 deaths in China in 2022, ranking CRC second for incidence and fourth for mortality among all malignancies.
Approximately 15% to 30% of patients with CRC have metastatic disease at initial diagnosis, and 20% to 50% of patients initially diagnosed with localized disease eventually develop mCRC. Despite advances in treatment, mCRC remains associated with poor prognosis, with a five-year survival rate of only approximately 15%. Currently, immunotherapies are primarily approved for patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) CRC. However, these patients account for only approximately 5% of mCRC cases, whereas approximately 95% of patients have microsatellite-stable (MSS) or mismatch repair-proficient (pMMR) disease, which generally exhibits limited responsiveness to conventional immunotherapy, highlighting a significant unmet medical need.
About Opamtistomig
Opamtistomig (LBL-024) is emerging as a next-generation pan-cancer backbone therapy with potential overall survival (OS) benefit that simultaneously targets PD-L1 and the co-stimulatory receptor 4-1BB. Currently, opamtistomig is being evaluated in 14 indications, including one pivotal single-arm registrational study, one confirmatory Phase III study, and nine proof-of-concept studies, covering major indications such as NSCLC and multiple cold tumors. To date, opamtistomig has demonstrated robust antitumor activity across seven tumor types—extrapulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma (EP-NEC), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), small cell lung cancer (SCLC), biliary tract cancer (BTC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and ovarian cancer (OC)—highlighting its clinical value and broad therapeutic promise.
Developed using Leads Biolabs’ proprietary X-body bispecific platform, opamtistomig is designed to simultaneously block PD-1/PD-L1 immune suppression and conditionally activate 4-1BB, an agonist pathway, resulting in a potent and synergistic anti-tumor immune response. It has a safety profile comparable to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and demonstrates broader-spectrum anti-cancer potential. Mechanistically, 4-1BB agonism can reactivate exhausted T cells and promote robust T-cell proliferation, offering significant promise for PD-1/PD-L1–resistant or immunologically "cold" tumors and potentially offering durable survival benefits.
Recognizing its clinical potential, opamtistomig received Breakthrough Therapy Designation from China’s National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) in October 2024, and Orphan Drug Designation (ODD) from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in November 2024. Additionally, in January 2026, opamtistomig was granted Fast Track Designation by the FDA and ODD by the European Commission, and in September 2026, ODD from Japan’s Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), further underscoring its potential to address unmet medical needs in this patient population. In July 2026, its New Drug Application (NDA) was granted priority review designation by the NMPA, followed by NDA acceptance in August 2026, positioning opamtistomig as a potential world’s first approved 4-1BB-targeting antibody, the first approved agonist antibody, and the first approved treatment for EP-NEC.
(Press release, Nanjing Leads Biolabs, OCT 16, 2026, View Source [SID1234673513])