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aTyr Pharma Presents Preclinical Data for NRP2-Targeting Antibody ATYR2810 at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2025

On April 29, 2025 aTyr Pharma, Inc. (Nasdaq: ATYR) ("aTyr" or the "Company"), a clinical stage biotechnology company engaged in the discovery and development of first-in-class medicines from its proprietary tRNA synthetase platform, reported that the Company will present a poster featuring preclinical data for ATYR2810, a monoclonal antibody targeting neuropilin-2 (NRP2), at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) (Free AACR Whitepaper) Annual Meeting 2025, which is being held April 25 – 30, 2025, in Chicago, IL (Press release, aTyr Pharma, APR 29, 2025, View Source [SID1234652330]).

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"Aggressive cancers like glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) continue to show drug resistance, and the efficacy of current immunotherapies may be limited due to immunosuppressive myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment that contribute to drug resistance. We are pleased to see that ATYR2810 appears to combat drug resistance mechanisms, and we are particularly encouraged by its ability to increase survival and improve the effectiveness of checkpoint inhibitors in a GBM model," said Leslie A. Nangle, Ph.D., Vice President, Research, at aTyr. "These findings, which were generated as part of our ongoing research collaboration with Dr. Michael Lim and Stanford Medicine, demonstrate the role of NRP2 in maintaining the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and suggest that blocking NRP2 may offer a new approach to treating GBM, both as a monotherapy and in combination with anti-PD-1 therapies."

Details of the poster presentation appear below. The poster will be available on the aTyr website once presented.

Title: Immunosuppressive myeloid cells can be modulated with NRP2-targeting antibody ATYR2810 leading to enhanced anti-tumor immunity
Authors: Christoph Burkart, Clara Polizzi, John Choi, Max Pastenes, Alison Barber, Michael Lim, Leslie Nangle. aTyr Pharma, San Diego. Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford.
Session: Antibodies and Antibody-Drug Conjugates
Poster Number: 27
Date and Time: Tuesday, April 29, 2025 from 9:00AM – 12:00PM CT
Location: Poster Board Section 36, McCormick Place Convention Center, Chicago, IL

The poster presents preclinical research evaluating the use of ATYR2810 in syngeneic tumor models including the orthotopic CT-2A mouse model of GBM, which has a high prevalence of myeloid-derived suppressor cells that exhibit enriched expression of NRP2 and promote an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. The findings demonstrate that ATYR2810 when used as a single agent enhanced anti-tumor immunity and resulted in a significant increase in overall survival. Additionally, when combined with an anti-PD-1 agent, ATYR2810 further increased survival and reduced tumor size. These findings suggest that modulating NRP2 may offer a new approach to reversing the immunosuppressive function of myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment.

Affimed Shows Higher Exposure of AFM24 is Associated with Significantly Higher Response Rates and Progression-Free Survival in Refractory NSCLC Patients at AACR Annual Meeting

On April 29, 2025 Affimed N.V. (Nasdaq: AFMD), a clinical-stage immuno-oncology company committed to giving patients back their innate ability to fight cancer, reported findings on an exposure-outcome analysis of its innate cell engager (ICE) AFM24, in patients with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a poster session at the 2025 Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) (Free AACR Whitepaper) (Press release, Affimed, APR 29, 2025, View Source [SID1234652329]).

The analysis is based on post-hoc exposure-response data from 72 NSCLC patients treated with 480 mg of AFM24 monotherapy or a combination of AFM24 with atezolizumab. For all patients, trough levels over time were used to calculate the patient’s mean exposure to AFM24. Patients were then split into high and low AFM24 exposure groups for the analysis using the respective median as a cut-off.

Key Findings from the Exposure-Response Analysis

Objective Response Rate (ORR): 33.3% in the high-exposure group vs. 5.6% in the low-exposure group (p=0.0059)
Disease Control Rate (DCR): 83.3% vs. 58.3% (p=0.0367)
Median Progression-Free Survival (mPFS): 7.33 vs. 2.86 months
Overall Survival (OS): Not yet mature in the high-exposure group vs. 13 months in the low-exposure group
A quartile analysis further confirmed the exposure-efficacy relationship, showing a stepwise increase in ORR from 0% in the lowest quartile to 50% in the highest. Subgroup analysis of 55 patients treated with AFM24 plus atezolizumab showed consistent results: 37.04% ORR in the high-exposure group vs. 7.14% in the low group. Importantly, higher exposure was not associated with an increased rate of more serious or severe adverse events.

"Advanced NSCLC is a devastating disease and remains an area of high unmet need," said Andreas Harstrick, MD, Chief Medical Officer of Affimed. "These findings strengthen our clinical rationale for dose optimization and highlight the potential of AFM24 – particularly in combination with atezolizumab – as a novel, chemotherapy-free, immunotherapy-based treatment approach. Importantly, the data suggest that achieving higher drug exposure early in treatment may prevent rapid disease progression."

Further Development

Pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling indicates that a 720 mg weekly dose of AFM24—previously established as safe—achieves target exposure levels by the second week of treatment that correspond to the high exposure group in the post-hoc analysis. Based on these findings, Affimed will include the 720 mg dose moving forward to optimize clinical benefit and reduce early progression risk.

"These data provide compelling evidence that higher exposure may translate to better outcomes in patients with advanced NSCLC," Dr. Harstrick added. "With dose optimization in hand, we are positioned to advance AFM24 in its potential to deliver durable benefit in a difficult-to-treat patient population."

Conclusions

The data show a strong correlation between exposure and clinical outcome with a significantly increased risk for early tumor progression in the low exposure group. PK modeling suggests that a dose of 720 mg AFM24 weekly will result in exposure levels exceeding the cutoff for the high exposure group as early as week two. The 720 mg dose, which has already been established as safe in the phase 1 trial, will be used in future AFM24 studies.

More details about the programs for the AACR (Free AACR Whitepaper) Annual Meeting 2025 are available online at AACR (Free AACR Whitepaper) Annual Meeting 2025 | Meetings | AACR (Free AACR Whitepaper).

About AFM24
AFM24 is a tetravalent, bispecific ICE that activates the innate immune system by binding to CD16A on innate immune cells and epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR), a protein widely expressed on solid tumors, to kill cancer cells. Generated by Affimed’s fit-for-purpose ROCK platform, AFM24 represents a distinctive mechanism of action that uses EGFR as a docking site to engage innate immune cells for tumor cell killing through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis.

Sandoz enters global collaboration license agreement with Henlius to commercialize leading oncology therapy, ipilimumab, in multiple indications

On April 29, 2025 Sandoz (SIX:SDZ/OTCQX:SDZNY), the global leader in generic and biosimilar medicines, reported that it has signed a global collaboration agreement with Shanghai Henlius Biotech, Inc. (Henlius, HKEX:02696) to commercialize a biosimilar of leading oncology therapy, ipilimumab (Press release, Shanghai Henlius Biotech, APR 29, 2025, View Source [SID1234652328]). The agreement is milestone-based for a total consideration of up to USD 301 million, including an upfront payment of USD 31 million, and will target net reference-medicine sales of USD 2.5 billion[1].

Under the terms of the agreement, Sandoz has exclusive commercial rights for a biosimilar of ipilimumab in Australia, Canada, Europe, Japan and the US. The core sequence patent for ipilimumab expired in March 2025 in the US and will expire no later than February 2026 in the EU.

Richard Saynor, CEO of Sandoz, said: "The global burden of cancer continues to grow and the potential to address unmet patient needs has never been greater.[3] This agreement offers us the chance to reach many more millions of patients, while helping to drive the long-term sustainability of healthcare systems."

The reference medicine, ipilimumab, is a monoclonal (CTLA-4) antibody-blocking medication, which is used alone or with other medicines to treat certain types of colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (a type of liver cancer), malignant pleural mesothelioma, melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and renal cell carcinoma (a type of kidney cancer).[4,5,6]

Henlius is developing its own proposed biosimilar of ipilimumab in an integrated Phase I/III trial in the unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma setting, targeting 656 patients to be enrolled (NCT06841185).

Sandoz is developing its own proposed biosimilar of nivolumab in an integrated Phase I/III trial in the advanced melanoma setting, targeting 720 patients to be enrolled (NCT06587451). The reference medicine, nivolumab, (Opdivo**) is a monoclonal (PD-1) antibody-blocking medication, which is used alone or with other medicines to treat more than 10 different cancer types. In combination with ipilimumab, nivolumab is indicated for the treatment of melanoma, malignant pleural mesothelioma, renal cell carcinoma, certain types of colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, non-small cell lung cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma.[7,8]

Sandoz is the leading biosimilar provider globally and has recently moved up to third position in the US, with a strategic ambition to occupy the leading position in that market.[9] The Company’s industry-leading biosimilars pipeline comprises 28 molecules, complemented by around 450 generic pipeline medicines to support its goal of sustainable and broadly-based long-term growth. The marketed biosimilar oncology portfolio includes Rixathon, Zarzio, Ziextenzo, and Binocrit. This year, Sandoz expects to launch its biosimilars Wyost/Jubbonti (denosumab) in the US in the second quarter and in Europe in the fourth quarter.

VerImmune Awarded ~$470K CDMRP Grant to Drive Innovation in ViP-Based Therapeutics for Advanced Melanoma

On April 29, 2025 VerImmune, Inc. ("VerImmune"), a biotechnology company developing innovative Virus-inspired Particle (ViP) modalities, reported it has been awarded a ~$470,000 USD research grant (MRP Idea Award) from the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) Melanoma Research Program (MRP), managed by the office of Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs (CDMRP) (Press release, VerImmune, APR 29, 2025, View Source [SID1234652326]).

The award will support the development of novel candidates based on VerImmune’s ViP technology for the treatment of advanced or rare melanoma cancers.

The MRP received 136 compliant applications and recommended funding for only nine, placing VerImmune’s application in the top 6.6% of submissions.

"Receiving this award from such a highly competitive pool clearly demonstrates the innovation and groundbreaking work we are doing at VerImmune to develop therapies for patients with unmet medical needs," said Joshua Wang, Founder and CEO of VerImmune, Inc. "We are committed to advancing our ViP platform to address critical healthcare challenges and look forward to utilizing this funding to drive our efforts in melanoma and other cancers."

Tonix Pharmaceuticals Presented Preclinical Data on Gastric Cancer Models at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) 2025 Annual Meeting

On April 29, 2025 Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp. (Nasdaq: TNXP) (Tonix or the Company), a fully-integrated biopharmaceutical company with marketed products and a pipeline of development candidates, reported data in a poster presentation at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) (Free AACR Whitepaper) 2025 Annual Meeting, held April 25-30, 2025, in Chicago, IL (Press release, TONIX Pharmaceuticals, APR 29, 2025, View Source [SID1234652325]). A copy of the Company’s presentation is available under the Scientific Presentations tab of the Tonix website at www.tonixpharma.com. The presentation titled, "TFF2-mediated CXCR4 partial agonism outperforms CXCR4 antagonism in reducing murine gastric cancer by suppressing PMN-MDSC generation," demonstrated positive data in gastric cancer animal models. In the AACR (Free AACR Whitepaper) presentation, a fusion protein of murine trefoil factor family member 2- murine serum albumin (mTFF2-MSA) was studied. Tonix is developing human TFF2-human serum albumin (hTFF2-HAS) as TNX-1700.

"The combination therapy of mTFF2-MSA with anti-PD1 treatment shows promise in reducing immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME) in animal models," said Seth Lederman, M.D., Chief Executive Officer of Tonix Pharmaceuticals. "We are excited to develop TNX-1700 (TFF2-HAS) as the lead program in our immuno-oncology pipeline, by testing potential dosing strategies, and establishing potential clinical biomarkers through preclinical models."

Immunosuppressive neutrophils, also known as polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs), are a major component in solid tumors that significantly hinder anti-tumor activity1,2. Despite being short-lived, their continuous replenishment from the bone marrow sustains their potent immunosuppression in the TME3. Stromal cells in the TME promote immunosuppression by recruiting MDSCs via secretion of CXCL12. Trefoil Factor 2 (TFF2), a secreted peptide of the trefoil factor family, has displayed activity as a partial agonist of CXCR44,5. Data presented in the poster demonstrated that TFF2-MSA selectively reduces immunosuppressive neutrophils and cancer-driven granulopoiesis. Treatment with TFF2-MSA, in combination with an anti-PD1 antibody, induced robust anti-tumoral CD8+ T cell responses, inhibiting tumor invasion. TFF2 reduction correlated with elevated PMN-MDSCs in gastric cancer patients, highlighting the potential negative correlation between TFF2 and PMN-MDSCs levels.

About Trefoil Factor Family Member 2 (TFF2)

Human TFF2 is a secreted protein, encoded by the TFF2 gene in humans, that is expressed in gastrointestinal mucosa where it functions to protect and repair mucosa. TFF2 is also expressed at low levels in splenic immune cells and is now appreciated to have intravascular roles in the spleen and in the tumor microenvironment. In gastric cancer, TFF2 is epigenetically silenced, and TFF2 is suggested to be protective against cancer development through several mechanisms. Tonix is developing TNX-1700 (rTFF2-HSA) for the treatment of gastric and colon cancers under a license from Columbia University. The inventor of the core technology at Columbia is Dr. Timothy Wang, who is an expert in the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis whose research has focused on the carcinogenic role of inflammation in modulating stem cell functions. Dr. Wang demonstrated that knocking out the mTFF2 gene in mice leads to faster tumor growth and that overexpression of TFF2 markedly suppresses tumor growth by curtailing the homing, differentiation, and expansion of MDSCs to allow activation of cancer-killing CD8+ T cells. He went on to show that a novel engineered form of recombinant murine TFF2 (mTFF2-CTP) had an extended half-life in vivo and was able to suppress MDSCs and tumor growth in an animal model of colorectal cancer. Later, he showed in gastric cancer models that suppressing MDSCs using chemotherapy enhances the effectiveness of anti-PD1 therapy and significantly reduces tumor growth. Dr. Wang proposed the concept of employing rTFF2 in combination with other therapies in cancer prevention and early treatment.